Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia
Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia or Makara Hubs-Asia is a regional journal that seeks to advance understanding of human behavior in the context of Asia through the publication of empirical research articles that may stimulate further research. The word Makara symbolizes the emblem of the journals publisher, Universitas Indonesia, which means the well of knowledge that spreads across the continent. We use the word Asia to refer to people from the Asian continent, regardless of where they live. The journal welcomes research from any discipline that provides significant advancement of our understanding of human behavior in the context of Asia. The journal welcomes original research and review articles from the social sciences and humanities. Disciplines covered in this journal include Anthropology, Communication, Cultural Study, Criminology, Education, Management, Psychology, Psychiatry, Political Science, Public Policy, and Sociology. The mission of our journal is to stimulate research on human behavior in the context of Asia, which will ultimately improve our understanding of human behavior in Asia. The Asian continent has pressing social challenges in the 21st century, and this journal contributes to addressing those issues.
Articles
327 Documents
<![CDATA[Differential Item Functioning: Item Level Analysis of TIMSS Mathematics Test Items Using Australian and Indonesian Database ]]>
<![CDATA[Fitriati, Fitriati]]>
<![CDATA[ Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia Vol. 18, No. 2 ]]>
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<![CDATA[The Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) aims to provide a broad perspective for evaluating and improving education. This assessment also ranks the participant countries based on their performance and makes inferences about factors affecting achievement and learning. However, the study may not function as it was expected because of differences in curricular, cultural, or language settings among countries. Consequently, this challenges assumptions about measurement equivalency. The present study aims to assess the equivalency of mathematics items on the TIMSS (2007) study across Australian and Indonesia. Students’ responses were subjected to Rasch analysis to determine DIF items. The results revealed that many items of mathematics tests are problematic because they showed significant bias. The study also found that Australian students performed better and found mathematics items on the test easier than their Indonesian counterparts did. Several factors such as curricular differences, methods used to solve mathematics problems, availability of textbooks and teachers’ quality might explain the existence of DIF between the countries. These findings indicate that serious limitations of using TIMSS results in comparing the performance of students across countries. Thus, further empirical evidence is needed before TIMSS 2007 results can be meaningfully used in research.]]>
<![CDATA[Reflection on Social Cohesion of Sasak Speakers and the Trends Transformed ]]>
<![CDATA[Saharudin, Saharudin]]>
<![CDATA[ Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia Vol. 18, No. 2 ]]>
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<![CDATA[This article presents the social cohesiveness of traditional Sasak reflected and expressed in their linguistics, particularly at social capital domain, and to transform it to the current social capital of Sasak people. The category and linguistic expressions are considered to be the lingual category forms and the verbal expressions in the social capital domain, in which it is kept various knowledge systems of the social cohesiveness of Sasak people. Transformation in this study is defined as a shift at the surface structure (the lingual transformation) and deep structure (the behaviour transformation) of Sasak people, it is used the ethnosemantic approach, by investigating certain vocabularies in the language they use in the social domain having relationship with the social capital. This study reveals three social capitals of Sasak people becoming the base of values: (1) the social capital referring to the interactional forms, (2) to the institutional forms, and (3) to the norms. Furthermore, the social transformation tendency is caused by (i) the new qualification needs, (ii) the shift of professional role, and (iii) the existence of the complexity stratification, and (iv) the existence of new various institutions formed by the governments and the formal system power.]]>
<![CDATA[The Role of Health Communication among the Poor ]]>
<![CDATA[Syarah, Maya May]]>;
<![CDATA[Sarwoprasodjo, Sarwititi]]>;
<![CDATA[Lumintang, Richard W. E.]]>
<![CDATA[ Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia Vol. 18, No. 2 ]]>
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<![CDATA[Indonesia is the fifth country in the world's related TB cases. This study used the theory of ACSM (McKee 1992), a multitrack model (Tufte and Mefalopulos 2009) to analyze structural and social issues, and Health Believe Model (Rosenstock et al. 1988) to explain the behavior of the patient-level health. The research used qualitative approach with case study method of advovacy, communication and social mobilization (ACSM) of TB control program in the poor region by community TB Care 'Aisyiyah KPT West Jakarta in Kelurahan Kalianyar, Tambora, West Jakarta. A total of 18 informants as the source of data, was obtained by the snowball technique. The result shows Community TB Care 'Aisyiyah successfully gained political and social leadership acceptance in the city, district or village level that became the basis of social mobilization that generates participation by donating the treatment of citizens or economically disadvantaged groups to the poor. Credibility of cadres and treatments supporter not only shaped by good knowledge about the disease and treatment of tuberculosis acquired through training, but also the sincerity of cadres and treatment supporter as family members. It is evident that much of its claimed success has depended on interpersonal communication and the participation of volunteers, community leaders and TB drugs observer (PMO).]]>
<![CDATA[Kecerdasan Emosional dan Kecerdasan Spiritual Meningkatkan Kompetensi Sosial Guru ]]>
<![CDATA[Puluhulawa, Citro W..]]>
<![CDATA[ Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia Vol. 17, No. 2 ]]>
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<![CDATA[Teacher as a professional educational is demanded to have a set of competence in carrying out the daily tasks. One of the competences is social competence. The social competence of teachers is that teachers have an objective, inclusive and non discriminative attitude, well-mannered eitherin speech or in act, capable in communicating verbally, writtenly and gesture. In addition, teachers have to coordinate with the students, other fellow teachers, educational staff, student’s parents as well asthe society. They must also be able to adapt with the community. This study aims to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence work with the social competence of teachers in Vocational Schools of Gorontalo City. The result of multiple correlation coefficient which showed between emotional intelligence and spiritual intelegence toward social competence. This means that the better the emotional and spiritual intelligence of teacher, the better the effect of the social competence of teachers will be.]]>
<![CDATA[Academic Procrastination and Self-Control in Thesis Writing Students of Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Surabaya ]]>
<![CDATA[Ursia, Nela Regar]]>;
<![CDATA[Siaputra, Ide Bagis]]>;
<![CDATA[Sutanto, Nadia]]>
<![CDATA[ Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia Vol. 17, No. 1 ]]>
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<![CDATA[Procrastination has long been regarded as reflection of low self-control. The emergence of temporal motivation theory (TMT) as a theoretical framework to explain procrastination also supports the role of self-control in bringing forth procrastination. This study aimed to test the suitability of TMT in explaining correlational pattern of self-control and procrastination, both in general and in thesis completion. Subjects were 157 psychology students working on their thesis. The results show that self-control has a negative correlation with general procrastination (r = -0.663) and thesis (r=-0.504). The role of TMT’s elements as mediators has been proven when the negative correlations weakened significantly after controlling for TMT elements. Nevertheless, a greater attenuation was actually found when self-control was used as the mediator variable. Alleged causes and implications of the findings are discussed. Keywords: general procrastination, self-control, temporal motivation theory, undergraduate thesis procrastination Keywords:]]>
<![CDATA[Childhood Trauma of Domestic Violence and Violence in Further Intimate Relationship ]]>
<![CDATA[Margaretha, Margaretha]]>;
<![CDATA[Nuringtyas, Rahmaniar]]>
<![CDATA[ Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia Vol. 17, No. 1 ]]>
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<![CDATA[This study examines associations between childhood trauma of domestic violence (DV) with the involvement in intimate relationships violence (IRV), both as perpetrators and victims. The research was conducted in two studies focusing on the relationship between childhood trauma with, 1) aggression of DV perpetrators; and 2) violence experienced by victims of IRV. Study 1 was conducted on 62 male DV perpetrators in Surabaya and Sidoarjo, while the second study on 21 female non-direct DV victims. All samples were measured by using traumatic antecedents questionnaire (TAQ; Van der Kolk, Perry & Herman, 1991) and conflict tactics scales (CTS; Straus et al., 1996). The data is processed by using correlation and regression analyses with SPSS 18. Study 1 provides empirical evidence of long-term negative effects of childhood trauma on male perpetrators. Study 2 did not find a significant relation between traumatic experiences as a victim of DV with violence experienced in their current intimate relationships, but further study should consider this relationship can occur indirectly. It is hoped that this research could serve as a beginning of the development of a longitudinal study on the effects of DV on human psychophysics.]]>
<![CDATA[Understanding Drug Abusers with HIV/AIDS through Qualitative Research ]]>
<![CDATA[Andri, Anindya Jati]]>;
<![CDATA[Poerwandar, Elizabeth Kristi]]>;
<![CDATA[Dintari, Dunu Rahma]]>
<![CDATA[ Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia Vol. 17, No. 1 ]]>
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<![CDATA[This study analyzise the background of people’s situation on drugs dependency, their attitudes emerge after infected by HIV/AIDS, and ways to give self-meaning to themselves and their surroundings including actions to deal with their life problems. Style explanatory theory from Peterson & Seligman (1987) which is based on internal external dimension, stability-unstability/transient dan global-specific dimentions was used. This study was a in qualitative research with case study method. The objective is to explore the understanding of drug users with HIV/AIDS. The outcome from this research shows that most of the subjects were using external, stabilized and global patterns from explanatory theory in order to understand their dependecies on drugs and how hard for them to release from it ev enthough they knew that is harmful. The drug users who were infected by HIV/AIDS were hard, to understand their situations. This was caused by many factors such as social support, their physical and psychological conditions, public stigma that limit ways to facing their life. The constraints in this research were that all subjects were from one rehabilitation centre. Whereas, other understanding can be different in other rehabilitation centres which is women partic ipant, or people who were not under any rehabilitation program. Furthermore, the researcher found that a sense of responsibility to oneself can be a moral support for any subject to understand his/her needs and conditions.]]>
<![CDATA[Fesyen dan Identitas: Simbolisasi Budaya dan Agama dalam Busana Pengantin Jawa Muslim di Surabaya ]]>
<![CDATA[Meyrasyawati, Dewi]]>
<![CDATA[ Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia Vol. 17, No. 2 ]]>
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<![CDATA[This study is conducted to investigate a popular practice of modifying Javanese bridal costumes based on religious considerations. Transformation from purely traditional Javanese bridal costumes to those with some application of Islamic clothing style is gaining rapid acceptance and begins to be considered as a popular fashion style by a great number of Indonesians, especially in urban areas like Surabaya. The purpose of this study is to discover cultural (Java) and religious (Islam) symbolisms implied in the modification and to examine the signification involved in the process. By applying the fashion system theory, this paper seeks to unravel the symbolisms in modern Javanese-Moslem bridal costumes which reveal a thought system built of two intertwining aspects: Javanese culture and Islamic religious principles. Deep observation into the cultural and religious symbolisms reveals that the modern Javanese-Moslem bridal costumes are actually invented by bridal stylists as a form of capitalism which benefits from a consumerist lifestyle. This fact reflects a shift in the way people signify modern Javanese-Moslem bridal costumes from Javanese local culture to contemporary Javanese culture. Another interesting finding shows that people choose this Javanese-Moslem style for their bridal costumes because of not only religious considerations but also its popularity. The application of Islamic fashion style in the Javanese-Moslem bridal costumes is no longer associated with the obedience to Islamic teachings but is a mere reflection of a growing trend towards more extensive body coverage.]]>
<![CDATA[Gender Inequality and the Division of Household Labor: a Comparative Study of Middle-class, Working Married Men and Women in Japan and Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Simulja, Jenny]]>;
<![CDATA[Wulandari, Endah H.]]>;
<![CDATA[Wulansari, Sri Ayu]]>
<![CDATA[ Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia Vol. 18, No. 2 ]]>
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<![CDATA[eeking to offer a balanced perspective to gender inequality and the division of household labor among middle-class, working married men and women in Japan and Indonesia, this paper examines the effects of individual-level characteristics (relative income, working hours, gender ideology) as well as the country-level factors (e.g. GEM: Gender Empowerment Measure) on the dynamics of housework distribution between spouses in both countries. Statistical analyses show a number of significant correlations between these variables, among which gender ideology seems to be of particular importance. Perhaps the most enlightening finding of all is that despite their lower GEM rank compared to Japan, the Indonesian respondents have relatively egalitarian division of labor in their households. This finding provides a new insight that GEM, which emphasizes the political economy aspects of a country, may not be sufficient to capture gender disparities without considering other socio-cultural factors in the complexity of day-to-day actual division of housework.]]>
<![CDATA[Attracting and Retaining Young Workforce in Indonesia: Does Person-Organization (P-O) Fit Matter? ]]>
<![CDATA[Sartika, Dina]]>
<![CDATA[ Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia Vol. 23, No. 2 ]]>
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<![CDATA[Rooted in the similarity−attraction−attrition paradigm, Cable and Judge’s framework has been one of the leading models in explaining Person−Organization fit. It associates perceived value congruence with employee work attitudes pre and post their entry. This study extends the model and findings by looking at the specific, underlying value dimensions that cause these effects. Drawing on a sample of 800 Indonesian jobseekers, I applied polynomial regression to test the model. Results showed that congruence between personal and organizational social responsibility value was the strongest and most consistent dimension predicting employee job satisfaction and organizational commitment.]]>
