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Ivandini Tribidasari A.
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Makara Journal of Science
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 23391995     EISSN : 23560851     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/mss
Core Subject :
Makara Journal of Science publishes original research or theoretical papers, notes, and minireviews on new knowledge and research or research applications on current issues in basic sciences, namely: Material Sciences (including: physics, biology, and chemistry); Biochemistry, Genetics, and Molecular Biology (including: microbiology, physiology, ecology, taxonomy and evolution); and Biotechnology.
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Articles 880 Documents
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Detection of Papua New Guinea Thalassemia Alpha Mutation in Gayo, Sumba, Ternate, and Timika Populations
Makara Journal of Science
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Papua New Guinea (PNG) mutation is a point mutation that occurs in noncoding region of alpha globin clusters. Polymorphism promotes an additional recognition site for transcription factor (GATA-1) which presumably downregulates alpha globin synthesis. The aim of this research is to detect PNG mutation in other populations in Indonesia, thus the results will be used for completing standard diagnoses in detecting alpha thalassemia mutation based on ethnic background. The method used in detecting PNG mutation was PCR-RFLP. Detection of 399 samples (MCH
Sansevieria trifasciata Properties as Lead(II) Ion Biosorbent
Makara Journal of Science
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Sansevieria trifasciata (also called snake plant or mother in law’s tongue) is predicted to act as a heavy metal biosorbent. S. trifasciata was optimized as a biosorbent by using the response surface method with varying weights of S. trifasciata, pH of Pb (II) solutions, contact times, and temperatures. The ion concentration before and after biosorption was measured with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The optimum biosorption conditions were pH 7, 240 min contact time, and 1.5 g biosorbent with biosorption capacity of Pb (II) ions 0.725 mg/g. The biosorption isotherm analysis showed that the biosorption is consistent with the Freundlich isotherm model. The peak intensity of the FTIR spectrum of S. trifasciata after treatment with Pb (II) was around 2130/cm. The S. trifasciata micrograph showed a porous structure with non-uniform pore sizes. The biosorption of Pb (II) ions on powdered S. trifasciata leaves was found with the SEM EDX analysis. It is concluded from this research that S. trifasciata can be used as a biosorbent to remove Pb ion contamination.
istribution Patterns of the Morphology, Species, and Sex in the Stingray Species Complex of Himantura uarnak, Himantura undulata, and Himantura leoparda in Indonesia Arlyza1, Irma Shita; Solihin, Dedy Duryadi; Soedharma, Dedi
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 17, No. 2
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The assessment of the morphology and stingray species distribution of the Himantura uarnak species complex covers eight sampling sites in western and eastern Indonesia as many as 113 individuals. The observation of the reticulate pattern was accomplished by directly checking the dorsal side of the stingrays, and growth observations also carried out. The distribution patterns were analyzed using the principal component analysis (PCA), while the growth patterns were evaluated using correlation analyses. The reticulation patterns of the H. uarnak species complex were highly variable, and the distribution patterns based on the morphological parameters, species, and sex produced four groups. The distribution of the length frequency of H. undulata and H. uarnak showed a range of different sizes. The body length of the female in the western region is relatively longer than the male, while in the eastern region the female revealed a range in relative size showing that the male was longer than the female. The length-weight relationships of the stingrays were negative allometric, indicating a b-value of less than 3. The b-values of both the male and female H. undulata were 1.5860 and 0.4380, respectively; while the male and female H. uarnak were 0.2956 and 0.4376, respectively.
Multilocus Sequence Analysis of Cercospora spp. from Different Host Plant Families Yuliarni, Floreta Fiska; Sjamsuridzal, Wellyzar; Hidayat, Iman
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 17, No. 2
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Identification of the genus Cercospora is still complicated due to the host preferences often being used as the main criteria to propose a new name. We determined the relationship between host plants and multilocus sequence variations (ITS rDNA including 5.8S rDNA, elongation factor 1-α, and calmodulin) in Cercospora spp. to investigate the host specificity. We used 53 strains of Cercospora spp. infecting 12 plant families for phylogenetic analysis. The sequences of 23 strains of Cercospora spp. infecting the plant families of Asteraceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Solanaceae were determined in this study. The sequences of 30 strains of Cercospora spp. infecting the plant families of Fabaceae, Amaranthaceae, Apiaceae, Plumbaginaceae, Malvaceae, Cistaceae, Plantaginaceae, Lamiaceae, and Poaceae were obtained from GenBank. The molecular phylogenetic analysis revealed that the majority of Cercospora species lack host specificity, and only C. zinniicola, C. zeina, C. zeae-maydis, C. cocciniae, and C. mikaniicola were found to be host-specific. Closely related species of Cercospora could not be distinguished using molecular analyses of ITS, EF, and CAL gene regions. The topology of the phylogenetic tree based on the CAL gene showed a better topology and Cercospora species separation than the trees developed based on the ITS rDNA region or the EF gene.
Synthesis of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles from Ironstone Prepared by Polyethylene Glycol 4000 Astuti, Astuti; Claudia, Geby; Noraida, Noraida; Ramadhani, Melvira
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 17, No. 2
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This study reports the modification of the preparation method of Fe3O4 nanoparticles, which consists of two stages, beginning with the destruction and separation of iron ore from ironstone. Then, the Fe3O4 nanoparticles are synthesized using the coprecipitation method with magnetite (Fe3O4). Polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000, a readily available chemical, was introduced in varying amounts into the reactions. The ratio of Fe3O4 powder and PEG 4000 is 1:3, 1:4, and 1:5, respectively, and the effects of the PEG 4000 on the morphology, crystalline size, and magnetic properties of the products were studied. It was shown that the particle and crystalline sizes decreased when the concentration of PEG 4000 increased. Additionally, the smallest Fe3O4 nanoparticles were around 50-60 nm, and semispherical nanoparticles were formed. The reduction of the crystalline size with the increase in PEG 4000 was shown by using XRD patterns, with the crystalline size being about 30 nm at a ratio of 1:5 Fe3O4 and PEG 4000, respectively. The hysteresis loop showed low coercivity, indicating that all products were soft magnetic.
Screening and Integration Analysis of OsDREB1A BC4F2 and BC5F1 Generations of Transgenic Ciherang Rice (Oryza sativa L.) for High-Salinity Tolerance Priyono, Dika Migi; Santoso, Tri Joko; Salamah, Andi
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 17, No. 2
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Salinity is one of a number of abiotic stresses that threaten rice production in Indonesia. To support food security programs, BB-Biogen has developed rice lines derived from OsDREB1A transformed Ciherang up to BC4F2 and BC5F1 generations. To verify the salinity tolerance and the stability of transgene integration, the BC4F2 and BC5F1 generations of Ciherang-OsDREB1A transgenic were screened to select high-salinity tolerant lines. Second, molecular analysis using the primers hptII-F/hptII-R and 35S-496-F/OsDREB1A-R was conducted to identify the existence and the stability of the transgene integration in the BC4F2 and BC5F1 generations. Screening 543 BC4F2 and BC5F1 Ciherang-OsDREB1A transgenic lines in a nutrient solution with a final electrical conductivity (EC) of approximately 18 mS/cm for 26 days yielded 134 putative transgenic plants. Integration analysis using the hptII-F/hptII-R primers showed that 73 of the 134 putative transgenic plants had positive PCR products, indicating the presence of the transgene in those plants. All the 73 plants also produced PCR products when tested with the specific primer 35S-496- F/OsDREB1A-R, indicating that transgene integration was maintained during the development of BC4F2 and BC5F1.
Design A Prototype of Temperature Logging Tools for Geothermal Prospecting Areas Supriyanto, Supriyanto; Mahmudah, Rizki; Marwah, Nella
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 17, No. 2
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The costs of geothermal exploration are very high because technology is still imported from other countries. The local business players in the geothermal sector do not have the ability to compete with global companies. To reduce costs, we need to develop our own equipment with competitive prices. Here in Indonesia, we have started to design a prototype of temperature logging tools for geothermal prospecting areas. This equipment can be used to detect temperature versus depth variations. To measure the thermal gradient, the platinum resistor temperature sensor is moved slowly down along the borehole. The displacement along the borehole is measured by a rotary encoder. This system is controlled by a 16-bit H8/3069F microcontroller. The acquired temperature data is displayed on a PC monitor using a Python Graphical User Interface. The system has been already tested in the Gunung Pancar geothermal prospect area in Bogor.
The Use of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Cellulolytic Bacteria to Improve the Chemical Properties of Corn Flour Rosyidah, Elly; Meryandini, Anja; Sunarti, Titi Candra
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 17, No. 3
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Corn has the potential to be converted into flour, but its hard endosperm causies it to have a coarse particle size, and consequently, corn flour has high crude fiber, low protein, and high moisture. To overcome these problems, the milling of corn grain can be done by steeping it in water. The steeping process causes spontaneous growth of microbes, such as lactid acid bacteria and cellulolytic bacteria. The use of lactid acid bacteria and cellulolytic bacteria in the steeping process can soften the horny endosperm, which can enable corn grits to be ground into fine flours and which can improve the chemical properties of flour passed through an 80-mesh sieve. This study aimed to obtain isolates of indigenous lactid acid bacteria and cellulolytic bacteria from the corn steeping process, and to apply them as a starter in the steeping process of corn grits to improve the fine flour yield, and the chemical properties of flour passed through an 80-mesh sieve. Isolate E2213BAL was the lactid acid bacteria selected as the highest optical density at the logarithmic phase, while isolate B2121SLT was the cellulolytic bacteria with the highest enzyme activity (4.67 mU/ml). The results showed that the use of bacteria starter and fermentation time can decrease pH, increase total acid in the fermentation liquid, decrease the crude fiber, maintain protein, and decrease the moisture of corn flour passed through an 80-mesh sieve.
Isolation, Purification, and Characterization of Antimicrobial Substances from Endophytic Actinomycetes Sunaryanto, Rofiq; Mahsunah, Anis Herliyani
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 17, No. 3
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Antimicrobial active substances produced by endophytic actinomycetes were isolated and purified. Plant samples were obtained from four different medicinal plants namely Curcuma domestica, Phaleria macrocarpa, Isotoma longiflora, and Symplocos cocchinensis. Isolation of actinomycetes was conducted using HV agar with the addition of cycloheximide, nystatin, nalidixic acid, and rifamycin. A total of 21 actinomycete isolates were obtained and tested for antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853, and Bacillus subtilis ATCC 66923. Among the isolates, isolate KY01 was the most active to Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Morphological observation and identification using 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that the isolate KY01 was similar to Streptomyces antibioticus. An active compound from the isolate KY01 was produced using yeast peptone medium. The active compound was purified using silica-gel-column chromatography and preparative high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A single peak of the active compound was detected with HPLC and LCMS, which showed a retention time of 26.6 min and molecular weight (MW) 906.4474 g/mol, respectively.
One-Pot Transformation of (R)-(+)-Citronellal over a Bifunctional Ni/ZnBr2/β-Zeolite Catalyst Nisyak, Khoirun; Iftitah, Elvina Dhiaul; Tjahjanto, Rachmat Triandi
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 17, No. 3
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