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INDONESIA
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 02151936     EISSN : 26148412     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/bkm.v37i2.2320
Core Subject : Health,
Nursing Public Health
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM Public Health and Community Medicine) is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that deals with the fields of public health and public medicine. The topics of the article will be grouped according to the main message of the author. This focus covers areas and scope related to aspects of: - Epidemiology - Infectious diseases control - Clinical Epidemiology - Environmental Health - Occupational Health - Healthy City - Public Health and Primary Health Care - School of Health Promotion - Healthy lifestyles - Health promotion - Health and Social Behavior - Tobacco and smoking - Adolescent Health - Public Health Nutrition - Maternal and Child Health - Reproductive Health - Population Health - Health of Vulnerable People - Social Determinants of Health - Water, Sanitation and Hygiene - Human Resource Management
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kesehatan Masyarakat, Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pekerjaan
Articles 1,528 Documents
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The Relationship between Food Safety Knowledge and Optimistic Bias among Food Handlers in The State High School Canteens in Magelang City, Indonesia Sekarsari, Kivani Amalia; Budiningsari, Dwi; Yeni Prawiningdyah
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Purpose: This study is to find out the relationship between food safety knowledge and optimistic bias in food handlers in the canteens of five State High School, Magelang City, Indonesia. Method: The research was conducted in an analytical observational with a cross sectional design. This study involved 41 food handlers at the canteens of five State High School, Magelang City, Indonesia, who were determined using total sampling techniques. The independent variable was food safety knowledge and the dependent variable was optimistic bias. A validated questionnaire on food safety knowledge and optimistic bias was used. The categories of food safety knowledge variable consist of good (score ≥ 70) and poor (score < 70) food safety knowledge. Meanwhile, the categories of variable optimistic bias consist of high (score < 24), possible (score = 24), and low (score > 24) optimistic bias. The Spearman correlation test was conducted. Result: First, food handlers have good food safety knowledge with a score of 71,54 out of 100. Second, food handlers have high optimistic bias with a score of 8,073 out of 42. Third, there are no significant relationship between age, education level, food safety information, and work experience with food safety knowledge. Fourth, there is a significant relationship between age and optimistic bias with a value of p = 0,043 and r = -0,317. Fifth, there is no significant relationship between food safety knowledge and optimistic bias (p = 0,704 and r 0,061). Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between food safety knowledge and optimistic bias among food handlers in five State High School canteens, Magelang City, Indonesia. School canteen is an important service for students, so food safety training supervised by the public health center and health department also feedback from students is needed to improve the quality of the service.
Analyzing National Health Insurance-Covered Pap Smear Initiative in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: A SWOT Perspective Al-Naday, Qotru; Jihan Dampi, Denada; Fashani, Yuliana
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this program is to analyze the success of the Pap smear program in Yogyakarta. Content: Cervical cancer is one type of cancer that grows in the lining of the cervix. Approximately, 15,000 cases of cervical cancer are reported each year in Indonesia. The cervical cancer screening program in Yogyakarta, utilizing the Pap smear method, has been implemented to enhance early detection and management of cervical cancer. This initiative is conducted by various healthcare facilities, including community health centers (puskesmas) and hospitals, with support from the government and non-profit organizations. The impact on the community has been significant, it can reduce cervical cancer and mortality, improved survival rates, and they reduce the need for more extensive and expensive treatments required for advanced-stage cancers. However, these programs have several weaknesses that could become threats, such as limited access to healthcare facilities in remote areas, and societal stigma and fear associated with medical procedures. Pap smear screening covered by National Health Insurance (JKN) can increase people's awareness and change the stigma about pap smears. Conclusion: Although the program faces various hurdles, the Pap smear screening initiative in Yogyakarta has shown positive results in improving women's health and needs to be continuously strengthened and expanded to achieve maximum benefits.
Stunting-Free Playgroup as an Effort to Address Stunting in the Suku Anak Dalam (SAD) Community in Jambi Through Community Empowerment and Early Stimulation Aulia, Hanifah Nurul; Sari, Ceria Permata
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
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Abstract

Purpose: The aims of this program initiation is to reduce the prevalence of stunting, improve the health and development of toddlers by considering the cultural and traditional specificities of the Suku Anak Dalam (SAD) community, and strengthen the community's self-reliance and sustainability. Methods: The stunting-free playgroup program was developed in response to the high stunting rate in Jambi, which was 18.0%, according to SSGI 2022. The SAD community residing in the forests of Jambi significantly contributes to this rate, with stunting prevalence reaching 40%. The unique characteristics of the SAD community, such as limited knowledge of nutrition and health, semi-nomadic lifestyle, and reliance on hunting and gathering, influence the stunting rates. The program involved forming a stunting-free playgroup to address stunting through child playtime, nutritional education sessions, child health care, and developmental stimulation. Results: The stunting-free playgroup initiative provided enjoyment for children and raised awareness and knowledge about the importance of proper child care among the SAD community. The program's target included parents and toddlers, engaging them in activities that empowered the community by training them to monitor growth and development independently. This approach improved family and community welfare while reinforcing the traditional culture and values of the SAD community. Conclusion: The program was conducted through cross-sector collaboration, involving traditional leaders, nutritionists, midwives, and early childhood education teachers, and it utilized local potential with community empowerment. This comprehensive approach is expected to address stunting in the SAD community effectively.
Correlation of Knowledge Level and Preventing Behavior of COVID19 in Talete 1 Tomohon Pangkey, Marverio Robert Alexander
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Purpose: This study explores how preventing behavior of COVID-19 can be related to the level of knowledge from people that have different types of knowledge stages and different educational backgrounds in Talete 1 known as places of traditional market that sell extreme raw ingredients such as wild animal and some of animal that get protected based on law. Methods: A survey of 100 people who live near the traditional market called Talete 1 who get a question from a questioner that can evaluate and score the knowledge, attitude, and an action of the people with a different level of knowledge and education background to get a correlation of the level of knowledge and the preventing behavior of COVID19. Results: The analysis shows a relation between education level and COVID-19 prevention behavior (calculated value 0,509 and p-value 0,000). Conclusion: a survey that the researcher got shows a correlation between a level of knowledge and preventing COVID-19 behavior. The questionnaire results imply that people with higher education degrees are more educated on how to prevent COVID-19. From this research, we can get new lessons and suggest that we need to keep up the education in every part of Indonesia and keep promoting health information so all people can remember it.
Exploring Perspectives on Adolescent Mental Health Services Across Continents: A Literature Review Nurannisa, Fitri Revita; Anggreni, Miranda Chrisan; Rusprayunita, Nurendah Ratri A; Citraningtyas, Veriana Indah
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

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Abstract

Background: The prevalence of mental health issues among adolescents worldwide necessitates thorough investigation, as these conditions significantly diminish the quality of life and impose substantial burdens on the economy, education, and overall well-being. The originality of our research lies in its compilation and analysis of reports from countries representing both low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and high-income countries (HICs). This approach provides a broader insight into the mental health conditions among adolescents and offers recommendations tailored to their specific needs. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of adolescents' mental health services and identify the obstacles they overlook regarding their mental states. Method: This literature study is based on several mental health-related survey reports from representatives across four continents: Indonesia, Ireland, Germany, Kenya, Vietnam, and Australia. We retrieve all reports and resources from online databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. We further analyze these reports and compile them with studies that meet our inclusion criteria. Result: Among all the reports analyzed, Australia has the highest coverage of mental health service utilization by adolescents. All reports demonstrate that adolescents typically seek help from family members or close friends. Additionally, the reports indicate that government mental health programs are not yet inclusive and are scarcely accessible to youth, possibly due to scheduling issues, geographical barriers, unclear procedures, and other factors. Conclusion: The utilization of mental health services among adolescents remains inadequate. More youth-friendly and inclusive policies are needed. Additionally, the involvement of parents and peers is crucial to maximizing the effectiveness of these interventions.
Epidemiological Characteristics of Pertussis in Bantul District 2023: a Descriptive Study Reza Firdaus, Muhammad; Aryanto, Samsu; Wiratama, Bayu Satria
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
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Purpose: This study aims to determine the distribution of characteristics of pertussis patients in Bantul District. Method: A descriptive study using data on PERT-02 form at Bantul District Health Office in 2023 was conducted to observe demographics (age, gender, address), initially identified status and date of illness, transmission clusters obtained from investigation reports, and pertussis infection status. Diagnostic test for Pertussis was done using a nasopharyngeal swab and tested using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Proportion was used for univariate analysis and a spatial descriptive analysis was done to see the distribution of cases by sub-districts. Results: 130 people were identified as Pertussis suspects, of which 20 people (15.38%) were positive for Bordetella pertussis. Among cases, 16 people (80%) were male and 7 people (35%) were un-immunized infants of which 5 people (25%) were less than 2 months old and not yet immunized. There were 11 (55%) cases who were close contacts and eight people (72,7%) came from the school cluster. Symptoms in cases included coughing (68,4), whooping (31,6%), vomiting (26,3%), and apnoea (26,3%), and there were 6 people (30%) with no symptoms at all who were close contacts at baseline. Cases were spread across 7 sub-districts (41%) in Bantul district. The first case appeared in Mei 2023 and continued to increase until December 2023 with most cases occurring in August (25%) and November (25%). Conclusion: Males, un-immunized and school clusters were the dominant characteristics of pertussis patients in Bantul District. Cross-sectoral support such as schools needs to be improved because considering that most transmission occurs in schools, in addition to the knowledge of parents and teachers needs to be improved because many cases start as close contacts, which means prevention and control of pertussis has not been done optimally.
Overview of Tuberculosis Case Finding in Kulon Progo Regency, 2021-2023 Sunaini, Ainun; Riswandi, Iwan; Indriani, Citra; Sugiarto
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.v0i0.13545

Abstract

Purpose: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major health problem in Kulon Progo Regency. Case finding is one of the key efforts to control TB. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of TB case finding in Kulon Progo Regency for the last three years (2021-2023). Methods: This study used a descriptive design using surveillance data from the Tuberculosis Information System (SITB) of the Health Office. Analysis by place and person was presented in tables and graphs. Results: There were 216 cases in 2021 (26% of the target), 317 cases in 2022 (32.6%) and 269 cases (45%) in 2023. Males accounted for 58.6% of the total cases. Most TB cases were found at ages 55-65 years (18.6%), ages >65 years (17.2%), and ages 45-54 years (14.9%). The highest number of TB cases with a total of 70 cases was found at the Wates Health Center. One of the strategies for case finding is through early detection of Contact Investigation (CI). In 2021, CI only reached 55.6% of the total cases that were CI (71.8% of the targeted number of contacts), in 2022 it increased to 72.5% of the total cases with the number that had been CI (51.7%). However, in 2023 the number of CI cases decreased to only 63.19% with 51.7% of contacts. This achievement is still below the target, which is 90% of TB cases should be contact investigated. Discussion: The average contact investigation per case is still below the WHO recommendation of 8 contacts per case. Cross-sector collaboration affects the success of early TB detection. Conclusion: TB case-finding efforts need to be increased to achieve predetermined targets. One of the efforts that can be made is the intensification of active contact investigation of TB patients in Kulon Progo Regency.
Enhancing the Patient Safety Program in Community Health Centers: The Role of Partnership as Middle Line in Optimizing Continuous Quality Improvement Haunan, Muhammad Hafiz; Hasanbasri, Mubasysyir
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
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Abstract

Purpose: The quality of health services at community health centers, as a first-level health care facility, must be continuously improved to ensure patient safety. However, there are still many challenges in implementing an optimal patient safety program, especially related to the role and function of the Patient Safety Team and Quality Assurance Officer. Method: This study analyzed the organizational structure and effectiveness of the patient safety program at community health centers, based on Mintzberg's organizational model. It evaluates the role of internal and external resources in improving patient safety and proposes structural changes through the concept of partnership to improve patient safety program implementation. Results: The results showed that the implementation of patient safety at the community health center was not optimal, where the many duties of the Quality Team as Middle Manager led to neglect of the main functions in the patient safety quality improvement program. This resulted in ineffective patient safety practices and a lack of safety culture among health workers. This study demonstrates the benefits of a partnership concept to replace the Quality Team. With the implementation of the partnership concept, PHCs can partner with external agencies such as university research centers or consulting agencies as the middle line, which helps in regular monitoring and evaluation, thereby improving the effectiveness and efficiency of the patient safety program at the PHC. External resources can assist in monitoring and evaluation, allowing the Quality Team to focus on other tasks while outsourcing external resources to the patient safety program. Conclusion: Adopting the partnership concept in the organizational structure of community health centers can improve the implementation of patient safety in a sustainable manner. This approach can increase operational efficiency, improve service quality, and build public trust in the health center.
Should the Government Quality Control Agency Replace Community Health Center Accreditation? The Concept of Third Party with Metaregulation and Control Strategies Haunan, Muhammad Hafiz; Hasanbasri, Mubasysyir
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
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Abstract

Purpose: Community health center accreditation in Indonesia is a method used to ensure that health care facilities perform continuous quality improvement. However, the efficacy of this method is still debatable. Many community health centers focus only on obtaining accreditation certificates without ensuring substantial quality improvement. The lack of empirical evidence supporting the claim that accreditation ensures quality improvement indicates the need for alternative solutions for quality control. Method: This study uses a Third Party approach by employing two policy strategies, namely metaregulation and control strategies. This study compares Indonesian practice with the quality control model implemented by the Care Quality Commission (CQC) in the UK and the Food and Drug Administration (BPOM) in Indonesia. The policies and impacts of the supervision conducted by these independent bodies are analyzed. Results: The analysis shows that the existence of an independent government quality control body can be more effective in ensuring continuous quality improvement than the community health center accreditation system. Case studies of CQC in the UK and BPOM in Indonesia show that regulatory agencies with executive authority are able to provide strict supervision and decisive action against providers who do not meet standards. The implementation of metaregulation and control strategies by government quality oversight bodies can encourage health centers to be more proactive in conducting continuous quality improvement. Supervisory bodies that are directly accountable to the central government can reduce interventions from interested parties, ensuring objectivity and effectiveness of supervision. Conclusion: Replacing the accreditation of community health centers with a Government Quality Control Agency that is independent and has executive authority can be a solution to ensure continuous quality improvement of health services in community health centers. The implementation of metaregulation and control strategies in the Third Party concept will create a more effective and sustainable regulatory environment. Thus, monitoring the quality of health services will be more assured, not only limited to meeting formal standards, but also ensuring continuous improvement in the practice of health services at community health centers.
Mapping Health Problems in Mulyodadi Hamlet, Bambanglipuro, Bantul: FGD Findings as a Basis for Health Promotion Training for Dukuh and Cadres Nurhayyi, Asysyifa Ghofuri; Ramadona, Aditya Lia; Widia Adiratna; Renie Cuyno Mellen
BKM Public Health and Community Medicine The 12th UGM Public Health Symposium
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Purpose: This study aims to asses the needs for identifying health challenges and the requirements for health promotion training in Mulyodadi Hamlet, Bantul. Method: The focus group discussion (FGD) method was employed in this study, involving dukuh and cadres, to obtain in depth information. Results: The FGD findings underscored the key health challenges in Mulyodadi, which include the prevalence of both communicable and non-communicable diseases, a lack of public awareness about the importance of a healthy lifestyle, and unequal access to health information within the community. It was also found that dukuh and cadres did not carry out widespread health promotion for the general public. Their educational efforts, often delivered through posyandu (integrated health service posts), were primarily targeted at parents of infants and toddlers, thus limiting their health promotion knowledge and skills to this context. Conclusion: To optimize their role in health promotion within the community, dukuh and cadres require health communication training, specifically elevator pitch skills training. This training will equip them with the ability to deliver concise, compelling, and effective health promotion messages, thereby addressing the identified health challenges more flexibly in terms of time and place.

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