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International Journal of Science and Environment
Published by CV. Inara
ISSN : -     EISSN : 28090551     DOI : https://doi.org/10.51601/ijse.v2i4
Core Subject : Science, Education, Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Mathematics Physics
International Journal of Science and Environment (IJSE) is to provide a research medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level research in the fields of Science and Environment . Original theoretical work and application-based studies, which contributes to a better understanding all fields of Science and Environment. The aim and scope of the journal Chemistry, Chemical Analysis, Physical Chemistry, Physics, Biology, Ecology, Biodiversity, Zoology, Biochemistry, Mathematics, Environmental Science, Agriculture, Environment, Forestry.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 159 Documents
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Antibacterial Activity Of Nginang Herb Extract Mouthwash Formulation Against The Streptococcus Mutans Bacteria Lukito, Pradea Indah; Jamilatun, Makhabbah; Rahma Salsabila, Innaya
International Journal of Science and Environment (IJSE) Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijse.v4i2.97

Abstract

Nginang was chewing the raw green betel leaf combined with areca nut and gambier seeds, it was Indonesian people’s habit in ancient times to maintain the dental health. Over time, the nginang mixture was developed into a mouthwash formula to make it easier and acceptable to use. Mouthwash is a liquid form preparation with a pleasant taste and smell, to keep clean the mouth. The phytochemical content in the nginang herbs was tannin which is a phenolic compound. The mechanism of action of phenolics was by inactivated the microbial cell adhesion and to avoid the attached to host cells by the cell surface. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity by inhibitory zones diameter of the formula of nginang herb mouthwash against Streptococcus mutans bacteria. This type of research was descriptive and quantitative with an experimental research design. The experimental research by making mouthwash formulations of nginang herb extract (green betel leaf, areca seed, and gambier) in three formulas with a concentration ratio of green betel leaf: areca nut: gambir, that were Formula 1(3%:3% :3%), Formula 2 (3%:2%:1%), and Formula 3 (3%:1%:2%), the quality of the formulas was carried out by physical quality parameters (organoleptic, pH, clarity, and viscosity), and the antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans. The results of this study of the three formulas were had liquid form, clear to browny color, and slightly smell like mint and extract, the pH at 5.4, and had a viscosity value about 0.79. The results of antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans study was indicated that the formula which contain of green betel leaf, areca seed, and gambier had very strong category based of the inhibitory zone.
Selection Of Sugarcane Clones From Polycross In Ratoon Cane (Rc) Yulaikah, Sri; Herwati, Anik; Mulyani, Mulyani; Hariyanto, Dian; Sohri, Moch.; Slamet, Slamet; Santoso, Imam; Utari, Dewi
International Journal of Science and Environment (IJSE) Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijse.v4i2.98

Abstract

Sugar productivity in Indonesia is still low, so it is unable to meet national sugar needs. The use of superior varieties with high productivity is needed to increase sugar productivity. New superior varieties can be obtained through cultivating varieties either by crossing or transgenic methods. The study aimed at evaluating clones resulting from polycross on ratoon cane (RC) with higher crystal yields than their parents (SIL 04). It was carried out at the IP2TP Karangploso Experimental Garden, Sweetener and Fiber Crop Research Institute, Malang, East Java, from January 2021 to December 2021. Eleven crossed clones and one female parent clone (SIL 04) were arranged in a Randomized Block Design with two replications. The results showed 8 clones resulting from the cross (MLG 19/P6/10, MLG 19/P6/11, MLG 19/P6/12, MLG 19/P6/13, MLG 19/P6/16, MLG 19/P6/5, MLG 19/P6/6 and MLG 19/P6/8) produced higher crystal (6.06-7.0 t/ha) than SIL 04 (5.66 t/ha). Improving the crystal structure in the clones resulting from the cross can be done by improving the productivity of sugarcane.
Composition Of Agroforestry Cropping Patterns To The Contribution Of Community Income In Community Forest Areas Susanto, Anang; Winarni, Marti; Ebere Nwazonobi, Patricia
International Journal of Science and Environment (IJSE) Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijse.v4i2.100

Abstract

The composition of planting patterns using agroforestry techniques contributes to income for communities around the forest. The agroforestry system is developed in a pattern of crops with forestry in a plot of land that provides a specific composition. The types of crops that farmers usually plant are expected to significantly influence income. This research aimed to identify land ownership strata and crop composition with the highest income. This research was conducted in January-March 2022 in the Kediri Regency Community Forest Area. The variables analyzed consist of the identity of the respondent, type of plant, total revenue, and total costs for managing the agroforestry system during 2022. The results of the research show that in Strata II, the composition of crops with income from each composition ranges from IDR 24,200,000/ha/ year. In Strata I, the lowest income is IDR 15,725,500/ha and the highest is Strata III, there is an income of IDR 30,100,100/ha/year. The difference in farmers' income is due to differences in the types of plants developed by farmers.
Erosion Hazard Level And Design Of Soil Conservation For Flood Mitigation In The Arui Watershed, Indonesia Mahmud, Mahmud; Mutakim, Mutakim; Wahyudi, Wahyudi; Dwiranti, Febriza; Endayani, Sri
International Journal of Science and Environment (IJSE) Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): May 2024
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijse.v4i2.101

Abstract

Excessive surface runoff  is often underestimated concerning flood mitigation. Indeed, flooding has become a recurring disaster in the past 20 years in Indonesia. This research aims to determine the erosion hazard level and develop conservation plans for dryland agriculture and oil palm plantations to mitigate surface runoff, thereby reducing the risk of flooding. The data collected includes hydrology, dryland agricultural areas, oil palm plantations, and topography, which are analyzed based on threats and conservation potential.  Conservation plans that can be implemented include  Minor  Recharge Holes (MRH) in dryland agriculture and dead-end ponds Palm Dead Pond  (PDP) in oil palm plantations. The research results indicate that the MRH design, with a diameter of 1-1.5 m and a depth of 1-1.5 m, still results in surface runoff exceeding 70%. Meanwhile, the PDP design, with a depth of 1-1.5 m and a size of 1-1.5 x 1-1.5 x 7-8 m, yields runoff below 50%, even during extreme rainfall (220 mm), with runoff being only 2%. A change in land use, primarily dominated by dryland agriculture and oil palm plantations, has been a significant factor in triggering flooding in the Arui watershed. In addition to MRH and PDP, five rivers can accommodate surface runoff, which is expected to contribute to long-term flood mitigation in the  Arui watershed.
Hydrochemical Characterization And Water Quality Evaluation For Drinking And Irrigation Purposes Of Kosi River Water At Ramnagar, Uttarakhand Negi, Latika; K Semwal, Nitish; Datt Mandoli, Sandeep; C Arya, M; P S Mehta, S
International Journal of Science and Environment (IJSE) Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): August 2024
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijse.v4i3.102

Abstract

This study used geospatial, temporal, and statistical methods to evaluate the quality of water of Kosi River in the Ramnagar area, located in the Nainital district of Uttarakhand. Ramnagar city is located where the Kosi River enters the plain region after flowing through a hilly area. The river undergoes significant changes in terms of geography, environment, and urbanization. A total of fourteen water quality parameters including pH, electrical conductivity (EC), phosphate (PO4−), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chloride (Cl−), sulfate (SO42−), nitrate (NO3−), dissolved oxygen (DO), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), sodium (Na+), TDS, turbidity and total hardness (TH) were measured in samples collected from eleven different sites to evaluate seasonal fluctuation during pre-monsoon (PRM) monsoon (MON), post-monsoon (POM) of the river in 2021. The concentration of parameters at each site is compared with their permissible limits recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Bureau of Indian Standards (IS 10500: 2012) to assess their suitability for human drinking. Based on the physicochemical analysis, it can be observed that the majority of the water samples taken from the river are within the recommended permissible limits for drinking purposes. Moreover, the calculated average Water Quality Index (WQI) values for PRM (44.98), MON (38.79), and POM (33.80) fall under the excellent to good categories. Statistical analyses indicate positive correlation among most of the chemical parameters. Piper diagram illustrates that all the water samples fall in Calcium-Chloride type Hydrochemical facies, Irrigation water quality of the river water was found suitable during all the three seasons according to the result of sodium adsorption ratio and sodium percentage. Therefore, based on the WQI results, it can be inferred that the water of the Kosi River in the Ramnagar region is suitable for drinking and other domestic uses without any further treatment. Therefore, to restore the vitality and water quality of the rivers, proper water resource planning program should be developed.
Analysis Of Plant Diversity Agroforestry In The Mount Lawu Natural Forest Area Susanto, Anang; Julissa Ek-Ramos, Maria; Taniwan, Steven
International Journal of Science and Environment (IJSE) Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): August 2024
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijse.v4i3.104

Abstract

The natural forest area of Mount Lawu, with various plant compositions, can be landscaped by humans to produce diverse landscape characters in the natural forest area. The solution for implementing the Agroforestry system is very appropriate because land management with this system is to overcome problems arising from changes in land use and soil and water conservation. The research aims to analyze plant diversity in agroforestry practices with services in natural landscape water conservation and develop strategies in agroforestry services. This research was carried out on the natural forest of Mount Lawu, using the fast AgroBiodiversity Appraisal method. The research results show that the composition of the vegetation structure at the research location varies greatly with a high agroforestry diversity index. The practice of agroforestry in the natural forest of Mount Lawu at an altitude of 1600 above sea level with the highest important index value is dominated by the plant species Arenga pinnata, pine merkusi, and paraserientes falcataria. In the slope area of 2200 meters above sea level, the plant species are dominated by Acacia decurrens, while at an altitude of 2800 meters above sea level, the plant species are dominated by Fuchsia magellanica, Anaphalis javanica, Casuarina junghuniana.
Use Of Traditional Herbal Medicine, Content Compound Bioactives And Effects His Physiology Is On The Rise Immunity Body : Systematic Literature Review Muslimah, Muslimah; Wan Jasimah Bt Wan Mohamed Radzi, Che; Suyadi, Suyadi; Yuniastuti, Ari; Swasty, Swasty; Anggraeni Noviasari, Nina; Sowwam, Muhammad; Naufalia Riz Asmara, Qeyza
International Journal of Science and Environment (IJSE) Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): August 2024
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijse.v4i3.106

Abstract

Background: Combination trend​ treatment use herbal and conventional medicines, respectively gradually move going to approach integrative. Use herbal medicine is considered correlated more near with attitudes and beliefs public because can increase immunity body and eliminate worries effect side to drug pharmacy. This is also proven with various type disease that has resolved . Objective: Take inventory use commodity herbal plants and ingredients bioactive as well as study his physiology on the rise immune body. Method: Systematic literature review written based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Search done via ScienceDirect and Sage databases with use related keywords​​ with traditional herbal medicine, content compound bioactive and enhancement immunity body. Collecting data from a database involves keyword combination​ with Boolean operators. A total of 24 articles used as internal data this review study. Result: Various potential herbal medicine for utilized in a way massive including Divya- Swasari -Ras (DSR) with potential overcome asthma; Polygony multiflori For handle intestinal inflammation; Bu Shen Hui Yang Fang (BSHY) for overcome cancer blood leukemia; Skin wood is listed as anti-inflammatory; Ciji- Hua'ai - Baosheng (CHBD) decoction as antitumor; Sinisan For management of chronic hepatitis; Ganoderma lucidum as immunostimulator; Pudilan (PDL) as anti-SARS-COV-2; Carthamus tinctorius L.for handling cardiovascular; Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) as probiotics; Eucommia ulmoides Oliver as material diabetes medication; Stew Gubenfangxiao (GBFXD) as drug Respiratory; Naodesheng Tablets (NDS) as drug Alzheimer's disease; Astragalus membranaceus (Huangqi (HQ)) for uveitis treatment; Gun-Chil-Jung Capsules (GCJ) as anti cancer; Ligusticum Chuanxiong (Rhizoma chuanxiong) and Borneol ( Borneolum syntheticum) as drug atherosclerosis; Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.as drug tumor at a time protector endothelium vascular; Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg for handling injury lungs I; Achyranthis bidentatae For drug disease kidney; Acanthus ilicifolius L., Phyllodium pulchellum (L.) Desv .and Cudrania cochinchinensis Lour.as anti-hepatitis; Epimedium as an antitumor for melanoma, Punica granatum For treatment injury heart; Sanghuangporus sanghuang as anti-inflammatory protector network lungs; and Combretum micranthum as anti-inflammatory . Conclusion: Usage traditional herbal medicine effect on improvement system immune The body is supported by various compound bioactives in these herbal plants .
Organic Waste Management Strategy To Create Sustainable Circular Economy Using Swot and Qspm Model Rahayu, Rahayu; Putra, Putra; Pujo, Pujo
International Journal of Science and Environment (IJSE) Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): August 2024
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijse.v4i3.108

Abstract

Organic waste management is crucial for sustainable climate change adaptation and mitigation. It supports a circular economy by recycling and repurposing waste, considering the entire product life cycle. This includes initiatives to recycle and repurpose organic waste as valuable resources, promoting a circular economy approach. The aim of the current study is to determine the best strategy for managing organic waste that can support a sustainable circular economy. SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool based on strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. The QSPM assesses the attractiveness of alternative strategies for managing organic waste, evaluating external and internal factors that influence the organization. Further research is needed to promote sustainable circular economy principles.This research used the SWOT and QSPM Model to determine the best strategy for managing organic waste that can support a sustainable circular economy. The process involves analyzing internal and external factors of an organization, using the SWOT matrix to identify alternative strategies for programs or activities, and then using QSPM analysis to determine the sequence of these strategies and determine the best to lowest-value strategy outcomes, ensuring data input and decision-making. This study has been carried out in Garut, West Java, Indonesia in 2023. The study analyzes the progress of organic waste processing in Garut Regency using the SWOT-QSPM approach. The results provide insights into the organic waste management strategy for a sustainable circular economy, highlighting the importance of recycling organic waste into new products and supporting society's economy. The circular economy principle can be applied to the processing of organic waste by using BSF, a biological agent that can produce livestock feed and plant fertilizer, reducing the amount of organic waste sent to landfills. The strategies discovered can guide community programs, empowering those without fixed incomes to manage waste. The cultivation of BSF can be integrated with the farm, aiming to reduce poverty and unemployment rates, convert unused land into a community-managed waste management center, aiming to enhance production and income, educate and support the well-being of the community. The best practices for handling organic waste in Garut Regency to promote a sustainable circular economy have been determined by the SWOT-QSPM model. The chosen strategy prioritized 3 main aspects out of 7 alternative strategies : (1) Recruiting society members to manage organic waste processing centers as a routine activity and additional income through processing and cultivation programs; (2) Increasing productivity and scaling up the processing of organic waste to obtain diverse products with higher economic value; (3) Providing direct training and education on organic waste processing to the society to demonstrate the economic value that processed organic waste can generate.
Ecological Index And Ecosystem Status Of Mangroves In The Waters Of Parang Island, Seram Bagian Timur Regency, Maluku Province Taufiq, M.; Sangaji, Masudin; V. Huliselan, Niette
International Journal of Science and Environment (IJSE) Vol. 4 No. 4 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijse.v4i4.109

Abstract

The mangrove ecosystem on Parang Island is one of the important habitats in supporting the productivity of the surrounding waters. Therefore, an analysis of the condition of the mangroves on Parang Island is very important to understand the status and trend of changes in the mangrove ecosystem, so that appropriate conservation and management strategies can be formulated. This study aims to determine the physical-chemical parameters of the waters, analyze the density, percent cover, and status of the mangrove ecosystem in the waters of Parang Island. Mangrove data was collected using the belt transect method, while the physical and chemical parameters of the waters were measured in-situ by making observations at 4 research stations. The results showed that the average water temperature at each station ranged from 29.5°C, the average salinity was 26 ppt, the average current speed was 0.24 m/s, the average pH was 5.25, and the average clarity was 73.18%. There are 4 species of mangroves in the waters of Parang Island, namely Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora stylosa, Sonneratia alba, and Bruguiera gymnorhiza. The highest average relative density in the tree category is owned by Rhizophora apiculata, and the lowest is represented by Brugueira gymnorhiza. The highest sapling category is represented by Rhizophora stylosa, and the lowest by Brugueira gymnorhiza, while for the seedling category, the highest relative density is represented by Rhizophora apiculata, the lowest by Sonneratia alba. The highest average mangrove cover is owned by the Rhizophora apiculata species, and the lowest is represented by the Brugueira gymnorhiza species. The condition of the Rhizophora apiculata mangrove is in a moderate status, while Rhizophora stylosa, Sonneratia alba, and Brugueira gymnorhiza species are in a rare status.
Tree Composition On Light Intensity In Agroforestry Systems In People's Forests Winarni, Marti; Susanto, Anang
International Journal of Science and Environment (IJSE) Vol. 4 No. 4 (2024): November 2024
Publisher : CV. Inara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51601/ijse.v4i4.112

Abstract

Developing an agroforestry system with conventional community forest plants has several obstacles, such as altitude, temperature, humidity, availability of nutrients, and light intensity, causing forest plants not to grow optimally. Agroforestry is one way to overcome problems on land, one of which needs more light intensity for the growth of forest plants. This research aims to determine optimal sunlight for developing forest plants using an agroforestry system. This research was carried out in the community forest area of Magetan Regency. The survey method used in community forest areas was by taking samples of 6 stand structure compositions and 6 plots in six villages. The parameters observed included the number of branches, crown diameter, plant type, height, and light intensity. Light intensity is measured using a lux meter placed under the canopy. The research results showed that the tree composition Albizzia+Mahagoni+Tectona+Mangifera let  of light at 12.01, while the lowest was the tree with the composition Mahagoni+Tectona+ Tamarindus sp+ Gmelina sp.

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