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Jurnal SMART (Studi Masyarakat, Religi, dan Tradisi)
ISSN : 24606294     EISSN : 2528553X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.18784/smart
JURNAL SMART is a peer-reviewed journal which is published by Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Semarang, as a medium for disseminating and exchanging ideas on socio-religious discourse. This Journal publishes current original research on the field of religious life, religion and religious education and literature and religious treasures. This Journal publishes biannually in June and December.
Articles 224 Documents
Islam and Coastal Culture: A Study of Symbolic Meaning in the Tradition of Sedekah Laut in Rembang, Central Java Siti Rohwati; Al Mudzill Al Mudzill; Ainul Mamnuah
Jurnal SMART (Studi Masyarakat, Religi, dan Tradisi) Vol 11, No 2 (2025): Jurnal SMaRT : Studi Masyarakat, Religi, dan Tradisi
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18784/smart.v11i2.3326

Abstract

This article reveals the tradition of Sedekah Laut in Rembang, Central Java, by placing it as a manifestation of coastal Islam built through the symbolic meaning of rituals. This study focuses on how ritual symbols are understood, experienced, and interpreted for religious meaning by coastal Muslim communities. Using qualitative methods and an ethnographic approach, data was collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The analytical framework of this study is based on Clifford Geertz's theory of symbolic interpretation, which seeks to understand symbols as vehicles of historical and contextual meaning through which humans understand and communicate cultural patterns, worldviews, and values in depth. He emphasizes the importance of symbolic interpretation in understanding culture and the meaning behind social and religious practices. The results of the study show that Sedekah Laut, known as Larung Sesaji, is not interpreted by the community as a religious compromise, but rather as a symbolic medium for structuring the relationship between humans, God, and the sea in the lives of coastal communities. Ritual elements such as miniature houses, goat heads, market snacks, flowers, coconuts, and cigarettes are not understood as offerings in the sense of worship, but as cosmological symbols that represent the continuity of life, safety, and ecological attachment that are legitimized religiously. Thus, researchers argue that the sustainability of Sedekah Laut relies on the symbolic function of rituals in shaping contextual religious experiences, rather than on the normative negotiation process between religious teachings and local traditions.
Interaksi Sosial dan Praktik Keagamaan dalam Program Tahsin Daring: Studi Sosiologis atas Majelis Fathimah Karimah Muhammad Hizba Aulia; Wawan Hermawan; Fadhilah Sukmawati Tanjung
Jurnal SMART (Studi Masyarakat, Religi, dan Tradisi) Vol 11, No 2 (2025): Jurnal SMaRT : Studi Masyarakat, Religi, dan Tradisi
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18784/smart.v11i2.3242

Abstract

This study examines the social dynamics of online tahsin learning, with a primary focus on patterns of social interaction and the formation of participants’ religious habits at Majelis Fathimah Karimah as a non-formal religious institution adopting a digital learning model. The main concern of this study is how social interaction and religious habits are formed and transformed within an online learning environment. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through semi-structured and in-depth interviews, questionnaires, digital documentation and participatory observation of online learning interactions. The findings indicate that the online tahsin program successfully fosters strong social bonds, encourages active participation and facilitates participants’ religious transformation. Online platforms such as Zoom and WhatsApp enable direct recitation feedback, emotional connection and peer support. Social interaction occurs not only explicitly through dialogue but also implicitly through shared learning experiences. The program also cultivates new religious habits, including consistent Qur’anic recitation, group-based motivation and personal development. Nevertheless, challenges such as unstable internet connectivity and the absence of a formal attendance system remain obstacles to program implementation. Overall, this study concludes that online tahsin programs can serve as transformative spaces for religious education, in which technology supports cognitive achievement alongside the strengthening of social and spiritual dimensions.
Pendidikan Agama bagi Perempuan Perspektif Feminisme Islam (Analisis Kritis terhadap Kitab Tarbiyat al-Mar’ah wa al-Ḥijāb) Elok Maulidah; Mahmutarom Mahmutarom; Sari Hernawati; Faizal Faithy Ersady
Jurnal SMART (Studi Masyarakat, Religi, dan Tradisi) Vol 11, No 2 (2025): Jurnal SMaRT : Studi Masyarakat, Religi, dan Tradisi
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18784/smart.v11i2.3342

Abstract

Women's access to religious education remains a central issue in Islamic society, often influenced by patriarchal interpretations of religion. This research critically examines the book Tarbiyat al-Mar'ah wa al-Ḥijāb by Muḥammad Ṭalʿat Ḥarb to analyze the construction of women's religious education in early 20th-century Islamic thought. This research employs a qualitative approach with critical hermeneutics and an Islamic feminist framework referencing the ideas of Amina Wadud, Asma Barlas, and Fatima Mernissi. The study results show that although the text emphasizes the importance of religious education for women, the narrative constructed still limits women to domestic roles and reinforces gender hierarchies with religious legitimacy. This construction reflects a conservative response to modernity, emphasizing moral control over the empowerment of women's intellectual and social agency. This research confirms that religious education should not be a tool for domestication, but rather a means of empowering women intellectually, spiritually, and socially. This study contributes to the development of gender-equitable Islamic educational discourse.
Harmony Among the Nation’s People: Prophet Muhammad’s Political Measures in Fostering Unity Muhammad Nasrulloh; Mohamad Zakky Ubaid Ermawan; Moh. Thoriquddin; Khoirul Anam
Jurnal SMART (Studi Masyarakat, Religi, dan Tradisi) Vol 11, No 2 (2025): Jurnal SMaRT : Studi Masyarakat, Religi, dan Tradisi
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18784/smart.v11i2.3303

Abstract

During the Prophet Muhammad’s era, Medina was a plural society inhabited by diverse tribes, ethnicities, religions, and cultures, which carried the potential for social friction due to tribal fanaticism. This pluralism posed a significant challenge for the Prophet’s mission, as diversity could foster both tolerance and conflict. Accordingly, his political measures to harmonize the Medinan community hold critical relevance for managing plural societies in the contemporary era. This study employs a normative-theological library research approach, analyzing primary sources including the Qur’an, ḥadīth, and sīrah, supplemented by classical and contemporary exegeses. Such an approach is relatively rare, as it focuses on fostering unity among citizens, positioning this study strategically in scholarly discourse. The findings indicate that the Prophet managed societal diversity through social reconciliation, reinforcement of collective identity, and peace agreements. An emotional approach facilitated the reconciliation of the Aus and Khazraj tribes by establishing the Ansar identity and integrating them with the Muhajirin within the Muslim community framework. Furthermore, the Prophet implemented non-aggression agreements with Jewish communities and surrounding groups to maintain social stability. His principles of harmony were based on mutual assistance, protection, and empathy, which remain highly relevant for promoting national unity, preventing conflict, and reinforcing humanistic values as the foundation of peace in contemporary societies.
Developing Islamic Religious Education in Public Universities: A Multisite Study of Curriculum and Learning Systems in Indonesia Ahmad Buchori Muslim; Luluk Elyana; Supean Chemo
Jurnal SMART (Studi Masyarakat, Religi, dan Tradisi) Vol 12, No 1 (2026): Jurnal SMaRT : Studi Masyarakat, Religi, dan Tradisi
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18784/smart.v12i1.4127

Abstract

This study examines the development model of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) in public universities, focusing on curriculum development and learning systems at Universitas Brawijaya and Universitas Negeri Malang. Using a qualitative multi-site design, data were collected through observation, interviews, and document analysis, then examined through individual case and cross-site analyses. The findings reveal a centralised-decentralised development pattern. Centrally, curricula are structured around institutional vision and mission, competencies, syllabi or Semester Lesson Plans, and teaching materials aligned with national regulations. Decentrally, lecturers adapt content, strategies, media, enrichment activities, and assessment to disciplinary contexts. Both institutions implement competency-based, learner-centred, thematic curricula informed by a social reconstruction approach. Their learning systems promote active, contextual, and inquiry-based learning, supported by tutorials at Universitas Brawijaya and Tafaqquh fii Dinil Islam at Universitas Negeri Malang. Nevertheless, religion-science integration is more apparent in teaching practice than in formal curriculum documents, and affective or character assessment lacks a comprehensive standard framework. This study maps PAI development in public universities and calls for stronger curriculum integration, lecturer pedagogical competence, enrichment activities, and authentic, measurable character assessment.
Negotiating Identity, Navigating Dialogue: Friendship Preferences in Religious Streams Ika Hana Pertiwi; Fadhil Maliky Islah; Muhamad Arif Saefudin; Wenty Marina Minza; F. A. Nurdiyanto
Jurnal SMART (Studi Masyarakat, Religi, dan Tradisi) Vol 12, No 1 (2026): Jurnal SMaRT : Studi Masyarakat, Religi, dan Tradisi
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18784/smart.v12i1.3547

Abstract

Religious diversity in Indonesia extends beyond interreligious differences to include intra-religious sub-groups, often termed “streams” (aliran), distinguished by variations in rituals, congregations, religious symbols, and theological orientation (madhhab). While interreligious friendships have been widely studied, little is known about how individuals navigate intra-religious diversity in shaping friendship preferences. This study explores the relevance of religious streams in friendships to uncover preferences for engaging in same- or cross-group friendships within the same religion. This study was conducted by administering an online qualitative survey and analyzing the 131 valid responses using thematic analysis. Results indicate that most participants (89%) reported that religious streams did not influence their friendship preferences, expressing openness to friendships across different religious streams. However, a small proportion of participants expressed a preference for homophily or same-group friendship. The findings are presented into two themes: (1) preference for same-group friendships, reflecting homophily as a means for personal religious advancement; and (2) preference for cross-group friendship, characterized by pluralistic openness and religious dialogue navigation. As a synthesis, religious streams in friendship preferences reflect attitudes in negotiating the importance of social identity and navigating religious dialogue when engaging with religious matters. These two preferences should not be viewed as inherently contradictory; rather, they demonstrate the dynamic nature of religious life within pluralistic societies.
The Tradition of Ngaibakan Benda Pusaka in the Pulo Traditional Village: Symbolic Negotiation of Islam and Local Wisdom in the Construction of Collective Identity Luk Luk Atin Marfuah
Jurnal SMART (Studi Masyarakat, Religi, dan Tradisi) Vol 12, No 1 (2026): Jurnal SMaRT : Studi Masyarakat, Religi, dan Tradisi
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18784/smart.v12i1.3939

Abstract

This study examines the Ngaibakan benda pusaka ritual (heirloom bathing ceremony) in Kampung Adat Pulo, Garut Regency, West Java, as a site of symbolic negotiation between Islamic orthodoxy and local wisdom in constructing collective identity. Despite intensifying Islamic purification movements and modernization pressures, this indigenous community maintains syncretic religious practices that harmoniously integrate Islamic values with pre-Islamic cosmology. Using an ethnography of communication approach, data were collected through six-month participant observation (May–October 2024), in-depth interviews with 14 key informants, and documentation analysis. Findings reveal three mechanisms of collective identity reproduction: ritualized collective memory through narrative reactivation of ancestral genealogy, symbolic boundary maintenance via sacred objects and spatial configuration, and embodied value transmission through performative participation. The ritual demonstrates 'dialogical syncretism a dynamic negotiation process whereby Islamic theology and indigenous cosmology mutually transform each other without either dominating the other, achieved through cosmological stratification, symbolic reinterpretation, and theological legitimation. This study contributes to communication scholarship by demonstrating how ritual communication constitutes social reality, and to Islamic studies by offering a contextualized da'wah model that honors cultural diversity within theological unity.
Lived Religion and Social Cohesion: Symbolic Meanings of Sa-uyunan Muharam in Sundanese Community Dadang Kuswana; Muhamad Hilmi Pauzian
Jurnal SMART (Studi Masyarakat, Religi, dan Tradisi) Vol 12, No 1 (2026): Jurnal SMaRT : Studi Masyarakat, Religi, dan Tradisi
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18784/smart.v12i1.3553

Abstract

The tradition of Sa-uyunan Muharam is a unique phenomenon in the Indonesian Islamic landscape that shows the integration of Islamic values with Sundanese cultural wisdom to build social cohesion. This research aims to analyze the symbolic meaning of the Sa-uyunan Muharam tradition and examine its contribution to the harmony of Sundanese society. Using a qualitative ethnographic approach with symbolic anthropological theory, the concept of lived religion, and collective memory theory, data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews with 17 intergenerational informants, and documentation. The results of the study reveal four main symbolic systems: the practice of pilgrimage as spiritual continuity, the distribution of food as a symbol of solidarity, the torch parade as the light of faith and unity, and the distribution of gifts as a manifestation of collective justice. The philosophy of sa-uyunan operates through deliberation, mutual cooperation, and friendship that creates horizontal and vertical social integration. This tradition demonstrates the models of "institutional lived religion" and "adaptive traditionalism" that contribute significantly to the harmony of society as a mechanism of multidimensional social integration, markers of collective identity, and strategies of cultural resilience.
Otoritas Barakka: Kepemimpinan Kiai di Pesantren Sulawesi Selatan dalam Tradisi Bugis Andy Andy; Akramun Nisa; Khaerunnisa Khaerunnisa; Sitti Nadirah; Ali Rahman
Jurnal SMART (Studi Masyarakat, Religi, dan Tradisi) Vol 12, No 1 (2026): Jurnal SMaRT : Studi Masyarakat, Religi, dan Tradisi
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18784/smart.v12i1.3987

Abstract

Pesantren in Indonesia have long demonstrated remarkable institutional resilience amid the pressures of modernization, yet the sources of this resilience remain inadequately theorized in conventional educational management literature. This study investigates how Barakka authority — a concept of divine blessing and moral legitimacy rooted in the Bugis-Islamic tradition of South Sulawesi — shapes and sustains the institutional resilience of Pondok Pesantren DDI Mangkoso. Employing Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis as both an epistemological foundation and methodological design, data were collected through in-depth interviews, three months of participatory observation, and institutional document analysis. Findings reveal that Barakka authority operates across five governance dimensions: human resource management framed through the principle of amanah, curriculum renewal through spiritually grounded ijtihad, financial trust rooted in the inherited institutional Barakka, digital transformation legitimized as wasilah, and strategic network expansion curated on the basis of shared Islamic values. These findings demonstrate that deep spiritual commitment and high institutional professionalism are not opposing forces but mutually reinforcing ones, when integrated through community-recognized Barakka-based leadership. This study proposes Barakka authority as a distinct construct that extends Weber's charismatic typology while offering an indigenous Islamic governance framework with broader implications for faith-based educational leadership beyond the Indonesian context.
Etika Relasional Dakwah dalam Tafsir Al-Misbah Siti Robiah Adawiyah; Awaluddin Pimay; Mohamad Arja Imroni
Jurnal SMART (Studi Masyarakat, Religi, dan Tradisi) Vol 12, No 1 (2026): Jurnal SMaRT : Studi Masyarakat, Religi, dan Tradisi
Publisher : Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Agama Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18784/smart.v12i1.3749

Abstract

This article examines the relational ethics of da'wah in M. Quraish Shihab's Tafsir Al-Misbah, highlighting the shift from normative da'wah toward a humanistic and non-dominative approach. Da'wah is often practiced as a one-way transmission of truth that positions the mad'u (the recipient of da'wah) as an object. This study departs from the assumption that Tafsir Al-Misbah offers a different model, namely da'wah as a relational practice that respects human dignity and opens space for dialogue. This research is based on literature with a thematic approach to examining the verses of the Prophet Muhammad's preaching in the interpretation of Al-Mishbah.Data sources consist of da'wah verses as primary data and da'wah literature, thematic interpretations, and previous research as secondary data. The research aims to identify the principles of relational ethics in the interpretation of da'wah verses and their relevance in pluralistic societies. The analysis employs a framework of relational ethics synthesized from Emmanuel Levinas's thought on responsibility toward the Other and Fahruddin Faiz's concept of humans as both relational beings and servants ('abd). This synthesis positions da'wah as an ethical relation that prioritizes respect for alterity, empathy, and moral responsibility before claims to truth. The findings show that Tafsir Al-Misbah positions da'wah as ethical communication that rejects coercion and prioritizes wisdom, compassionate advice, and dialogue. This approach constructs a da'wah model that is humanistic, inclusive, and non-coercive, placing transformation as the outcome of ethical relations between subjects. Within this framework, da'wah emerges as a relational practice relevant to pluralistic and complex societies.

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