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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Geography
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 00249521     EISSN : 23549114     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Earth & Planetary Sciences
Indonesian Journal of Geography ISSN 2354-9114 (online), ISSN 0024-9521 (print) is an international journal of Geography published by the Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada in collaboration with The Indonesian Geographers Association. Our scope of publications includes physical geography, human geography, regional planning and development, cartography, remote sensing, and geographic information system. IJG publishes its issues three times a year in April, August, and December.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 613 Documents
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GIS-Based Assessment of Best Route in Complex Traffic Environment: A Case of Kolkata Municipal Corporation Ghosh, Sajal; Das, Bulti; Boral, Eshita
Indonesian Journal of Geography Vol 56, No 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Geography
Publisher : Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijg.85478

Abstract

In an emergency like an urban fire, road accident, or critical condition of patients, the shortest possible route to reach the destination is one of the most sought-after issues in transportation studies. However, the physical distance of the shortest route becomes longer distance than the travel time distance due to traffic congestion in metropolitan cities like that of Kolkata. So, the selection of an alternative route is essential to organize the journey logically. A well-structured road network provides multiple options to road users for selection of the best route from the shortest and alternative route according to their demand. So, the present study aims to identify the structural characteristics of road networks by graph theory and the selection of the best route using the GIS technique. It has been found that the road network of Kolkata is characterized by complex structure and grid configuration of the network. Selection of the best route also ranges from the shortest route to alternative route due to spatial variation of traffic speed on different roads in peak hours. The current study identifies the optimal route in terms of travel time to reach the required destinations during peak hour duration in the city of Kolkata.
Comparison of All Return Cover Index (ARCI) and First Return Cover Index (FRCI) Methods for Mapping Percentage of Mangrove Canopy Cover using LiDAR Data M, Mulyanto; Kamal, Muhammad
Indonesian Journal of Geography Vol 56, No 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Geography
Publisher : Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijg.86917

Abstract

Indonesia has the largest mangrove forest in the world, around 3.3 million hectares or 19.5% of the entire mangrove’s world population. Mangroves have many ecological and economic benefits and are also threatened by several conditions, such as a decrease in area, land, degradation, and the health of mangrove vegetation. One of the methods in maintaining the sustainability of mangrove ecosystems is mapping the biophysical aspects of vegetation, namely mapping the percentage of mangrove canopy cover using field measurements or remote sensing. This study aims to compare the accuracy of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data based on All Return Cover Index (ARCI) and First Return Cover Index (FRCI) algorithms in mapping the percentage of mangrove canopy cover and analyzing its spatial distribution. The study area is a mangrove forest in Ratai Bay Pesawaran Lampung. This forest is dominated by a dense and evenly distributed canopy cover class with an average value of 78.24% which was acquired using the hemispherical photography method. ARCI and FRCI methods are dominated by the dense and evenly distributed cover class with an average percent cover value of 85.39% and 89.78%, respectively. The accuracy of mapping the percentage of mangrove canopy cover using FRCI is higher than ARCI, with a maximum accuracy value of 93.08% and a standard error of 5.95%. That value shows that using LiDAR data with the FRCI method for mapping the percentage of mangrove canopy cover produces a high accuracy value.
Estimating the contents of Chlorophyll, Nitrogen, and Yields on Rice through Sentinel-2 Vegetation Indices in Heterogeneous Land Management Wijayanto, Yagus; Safitri, Mahardika; Purnamasari, Ika; Budiman, Subhan Arif; Saputra, Tri Wahyu; Regar, Arthur FC; Ristiyana, Suci
Indonesian Journal of Geography Vol 56, No 3 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Geography
Publisher : Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijg.87159

Abstract

Addressing the global food demand is an urgent priority for governments worldwide. Efficient and effective methods for gauging crop production are crucial. Relying solely on ground-based measurements proves inefficient and expensive, prompting exploration of remote sensing using vegetation indices as a viable alternative. This study sought to achieve three objectives: estimating chlorophyll content in paddy fields, evaluating leaf nitrogen content, and predicting yields. The investigation utilized Sentinel-2A satellite imagery, Soil Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) for chlorophyll measurement, and employed statistical and accuracy analyses. Findings revealed an increase in chlorophyll and leaf nitrogen content from the vegetative to maturity phases, followed by a decline at maturity. NDVI and GNDVI emerged as superior to SAVI and VARI for chlorophyll estimation, attributed to their spectral sensitivity. Likewise, nitrogen prediction showed similar trends, with NDVI and GNDVI exhibiting better RMSE values compared to SAVI and VARI, albeit marginally. However, yield prediction accuracy varied, with NDVI proving most accurate, followed by SAVI, VARI, and GNDVI, indicating the latter's reduced predictive precision due to nitrogen sensitivity. In scenarios where nitrogen is not the predominant yield-limiting factor, NDVI could outperform GNDVI in forecasting yield. Received: 2023-07-22 Revised: 2024-04-18 Accepted: 2024-08-24 Published: 2024-10-10   
Groundwater Vulnerability Comparison Using DRASTIC and GOD Methods in Surakarta City Koesuma, Sorja; Ramelan, Ari Handono; Sutarno, Doddy
Indonesian Journal of Geography Vol 56, No 1 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Geography
Publisher : Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijg.87232

Abstract

Demographic growth, urbanization, economic development, agriculture, and consumption per capita have increased the demand for water resources. The population density of Surakarta affects the city’s ability to fulfil its residents’ clean water requirements. As an urban region, Surakarta may be impacted by development activities that degrade the quality and quantity of groundwater. This growing demand should be balanced against effective management of water source regions. This research aims to investigate groundwater vulnerability in Surakarta City. We employed the DRASTIC and GOD methods and compared both results. These methods used the overlay and indexing approaches using GIS based on field data and secondary data such as drill, rainfall, and topographic data. The results of DRASTIC show three types of vulnerability: high (0.21%; 9.87 ha), moderate (94.22%; 4,355.98 ha), and low (5.56%; 257.25 ha), while GOD method results in high (7.03%; 324.96 ha), moderate (52.90%; 2,445.84 ha), low (38.69%; 1,788.81 ha), and negligible (1.37%; 63.49 ha). Based on both methods, we identified Banjarsari district as a location with high groundwater vulnerability. The correlation coefficient between the two methods is 0.511. This value shows that the correlation criteria are acceptable and comparable. This research can be used by local authorities and policymakers to manage groundwater resources. 
Air and noise pollution analyses near oil and gas fields in the Mahakam Delta, Kalimantan, Indonesia Irwansyah, Muhammad; Sunardi, Edy; Mulyo, Agung; Sendjaja, Yoga Andriana
Indonesian Journal of Geography Vol 56, No 1 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Geography
Publisher : Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijg.87454

Abstract

The Mahakam Delta is a strategic industrial area in East Kalimantan, Indonesia, in which oil and gas industries reduce ambient air quality and generate excessive noise. This research aimed to analyze the ambient air and noise pollution attributed to oil and gas production activities in the delta. Relevant parameters at five sampling points (UA-02 to UA-06) were measured and further analyzed in the laboratory, including total suspended particulate (TSP), SO2, Pb CO, NO2, O3, temperature, humidity, wind direction, wind speed, and noise. Indonesia’s air pollutant standard index (locally abbreviated as ISPU) with four parameters (CO, NO2, SO2, and O3) was used to determine the ambient air quality, and provisions written in the Decree of the Minister of Environment No. 50 Kep-48/MENLH/11/1996 were consulted for the noise quality assessment.  Results showed ISPU values in the range of 0–50 at the five sampling points, suggesting good ambient air quality and compliance with Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021. In addition, it was revealed that the noise parameter was lower than the upper threshold set in the Ministerial Decree, namely 65 dB. Nevertheless, monitoring air and noise quality at the main pollutant sources should be regulated through policies and implemented to protect the public from exposure to potential pollutants.
Problems of Studying the Urbanization Process for Students of the Educational Program "Geography" in Kazakhstan Shumakova, Gulnur; Sergeyeva, Aigul; Abdullina, Akzhunus; Aliaskarov, Duman
Indonesian Journal of Geography Vol 56, No 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Geography
Publisher : Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijg.87685

Abstract

The study of the urbanization process by students of the educational program "Geography" in Kazakhstan is topical in the context of rapid urban development and evolutions in the geographical space of the country. Various key problems were revealed in the process of the studies such as the need for in-depth research of the theoretical foundations of urbanization, limited access to current data and no work experience on modern methods of data processing and analysis. An online survey was conducted on the basis of the Google Forms and the survey questions were worked out to have the further study of urbanization processes and update knowledge in this field. The study applied a data analysis method using the SPSS Base software package. This method provided the opportunities to structure and process the survey results among 331 teachers and master’s students. The approach ensured an accurate analysis and interpretation of the data which enabled to identify key trends and consistent patterns in respondents’ answers. The results point to both positive and negative conclusions based on the data. The conclusions were made on having evaluated the results with the help of SWOT analysis.
Seasonal Variability of Sea Surface Chlorophyll-a at West Borneo Island Radjawane, Ivonne Milichristi; Saleh, Ejria; Napitupulu, Gandhi; Abdillah, Muhammad Rais; Hassan, Mohd Azamuddin Mohd
Indonesian Journal of Geography Vol 56, No 1 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Geography
Publisher : Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijg.87713

Abstract

The optimization of marine fisheries activities can be achieved through an understanding of the timing of fishing, access to good information, and knowledge of oceanographic conditions. These conditions often lead to significant nutrient enrichment in the surface layer of the ocean, which in turn increases the sea surface chlorophyll-a (SSC). In the context of the west Borneo Island region, seasonal variability in SSC plays a crucial role in determining potential fishing grounds. The objectives of this study are  examining the seasonal variability of SSC, identifying upwelling and downwelling processes through analysis of sea surface wind (SSW), and determining the climatological distribution of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and sea surface height (SSH) within the water off Labuan Island, Malaysian Borneo, and the Karimata Strait, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Remote sensing data spanning from 2007 to 2021 were analyzed, encompassing SSC, SST, SSH anomalies, SSW, wind stress curl, and Ekman pumping. Additionally, rainfall and river discharge were examined as supplementary indicators of these oceanographic processes. The findings indicate that SSW plays a pivotal role in driving upwelling and downwelling processes, which in turn influence SSC variability. In Labuan waters, upwelling occurs primarily from November to February, while downwelling predominates from June to September. In contrast, in the Karimata Strait, upwelling is identified from July to September, with downwelling prevalent between March and May. Upwelling events in both regions are characterized by increasing SSC, accompanied by decreasing SST and SSH, while the opposite trends are observed during downwelling events. The peak of rainfall and river discharge in December is noted to potentially enhance SSC variability in the Karimata Strait compared to Labuan Island waters.
Comparative Assessment on the Use of Videogrammetry and Photogrammetry for Rapid and Low-Cost Three-Dimensional Modeling Nuha, Muhammad Ulin; Pramudya, Alif Farhan; Laia, Bonifasius Efraim; Husain, Rainaldy; Setiaji, Danang; Isnaini, Een Lujainatul; Perdana, Redho Surya; Atmojo, Aulia Try; Jatmiko, Retnadi Heru
Indonesian Journal of Geography Vol 56, No 3 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Geography
Publisher : Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijg.87960

Abstract

The current activities in photogrammetry technology such as the permission to apply non-metric cameras, development of Structure from Motion (SfM), and potential usage of videogrammetry are part of the answers to the need for low-cost camera-based mapping. Therefore, this study aimed to test and compare the accuracy of photogrammetry and videogrammetry methods for three-dimensional (3D) modeling obtained using a non-metric camera with SfM processing. Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) was used to obtain comparative data and the results showed a degradation of photo resolution in videogrammetry method, causing a reduction in the number of point clouds produced compared to photogrammetry. Moreover, the point cloud test showed that the surface variation results for both methods were identical to 3D modeling with a higher point density recorded in photogrammetry and the relative distance was different by 0.125 meters. The average difference in point cloud between photogrammetry and TLS was 0.062 meters while videogrammetry and TLS had 0.106 meters. The absolute test produced an RMSE value of 0.022 meters for photogrammetry and 0.032 meters for videogrammetry at a 95% confidence interval, indicating the two methods produced similar data quality. The results led to the conclusion that videogrammetry had satisfactory values and could be used as an alternative in 3D modeling but was not considered better than photogrammetry. Received: 2023-08-13 Revised: 2024-05-27   Accepted: 2024-09-20 Published: 2024-10-10
Climate Changes on the Amount of Rain and Temperature from 1990-2018 in Madaba, Jordan using Geographical Information Systems Rawashdeh, Shatha; A Thneibat, Ahmed; Aladwan, Zubeida; Taran, Ayed; Alrababah, Abdallah
Indonesian Journal of Geography Vol 56, No 1 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Geography
Publisher : Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijg.88016

Abstract

Climate change is an important topic requiring thorough study due to the importance and increasing impact on the various environmental and human systems. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the changes observed in the minimum and maximum temperatures, as well as the calculation of rainfall rates during the period spanning 1990 to 2018 in the governorate of Madaba. The amount of rain as well as the average minimum and maximum temperatures were examined through annual, seasonal, and monthly analyses. The comparison results from 2018, 2010, 2000, and 1990 showed that there was an increase in the seasonal, annual, and maximum temperatures for the month of June reaching about 1.51 °C. The month of July and Shahrab reported an elevation of 1.06 °C and 1.26 °C with an annual increase in maximum temperatures of 1.44 °C. Similarly, rainfall rates decreased by 0.05 mm between 1990 and 2018, hence legislative laws were enacted against individuals contributing to climate change. This started with individuals practicing waste and garbage burning, as well as developing unified programs and plans to address the consequences.
Source Determination of Debris Avalanche Deposit based on the Morphology and Distribution of Hummocky Hills on the Northeastern Flank of G. Sundoro and G. Sumbing, Central Java, Indonesia Rahayu, Eti; Wibowo, Haryo Edi; Moktikanana, Mradipta Lintang Alifcanta; Setianto, Agung; Harijoko, Agung
Indonesian Journal of Geography Vol 55, No 3 (2023): Indonesian Journal of Geography
Publisher : Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijg.88213

Abstract

The presence of hummocky hills as a typical product of debris avalanche deposits is prominently visible in the northeastern flank of G. Sundoro and G. Sumbing, Temanggung, Central Java. In an attempt to better understand the past behavior of both G. Sundoro and G. Sumbing, we identify the source of the debris avalanche deposit. Interpretation is performed on the basis of the assumption of two possible sector collapse sources, i.e., G. Sundoro and G. Sumbing. The Sumbing source scenario is assumed as freely spreading type considering 1) distribution of the hummocky hills are relatively on the northeastern flank of the volcano, and 2) the present crater structure on the summit of the volcano which is opening to the northeast. The Sundoro source scenario is assumed as valley-filling type considering the distribution of the hummocky hills are relatively on the eastern flank of Sundoro extended to the far distal area and bounded by older high topography of G. Sumbing and North Serayu Mountains. The source identification was done on the basis of field observation of the deposit lithological characteristics combined with image analysis, including hummocky hills morphometry, displacement angle, and spatial distribution. Image analysis identifies approximately 645 hummocky hills ranging from 1,851 mz to 623,828 mz and average of 23,482 m2. Petrographic analysis of 5 representative block lava samples shows variation of olivine basalt, pyroxene andesite, to hornblende andesite. The results show that big size hummocky hills dominate the western side, while small size on the east. Displacement angle varied following the valley orientation with typical downslope topography. These suggested that the hummocky hills were originated from G. Sundoro as a valley-filling debris avalanche deposit.

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