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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Geography
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 00249521     EISSN : 23549114     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Earth & Planetary Sciences
Indonesian Journal of Geography ISSN 2354-9114 (online), ISSN 0024-9521 (print) is an international journal of Geography published by the Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada in collaboration with The Indonesian Geographers Association. Our scope of publications includes physical geography, human geography, regional planning and development, cartography, remote sensing, and geographic information system. IJG publishes its issues three times a year in April, August, and December.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 613 Documents
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Measuring the Height of Volcanic Clouds Using Weather Radar : Case Study Mount Sinabung Eruptions in Medan, Indonesia Heningtiyas, Hesti; Achmadi, Budhi; Supriyadi, Asep Adang; Arief, Syachrul; Charolydya, Rindita
Indonesian Journal of Geography Vol 57, No 2 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Geography
Publisher : Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijg.96391

Abstract

Apart from being used to observe hydrometeorological phenomena, weather radar can also be used to observe volcanic eruptions. Weather radar reflectivity data can describe the estimated height of volcanic eruptions, while the HYSPLIT (Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory) model describes the trajectory or direction of distribution of eruption clouds. BMKG's single polarization C-Band weather radar at the Regional Office I in Medan was able to observe several eruptions of Mount Sinabung. Mount Sinabung is about 50 km from the Medan Weather Radar hence is still within radar coverage. Several eruptive activities of Mount Sinabung can be observed from the Medan Weather Radar, using Maximum (MAX) and VCUT (Vertical Cut) products to obtain information on the height of volcanic eruptions and eruption characteristics. While, the HYSPLIT model developed by ARL-NOAA is used to determine the direction of distribution of volcanic ash immediately after the eruption. The MAX and VCUT weather radar products and the results of NOAA HYSPLIT model for several events in this study show that the eruption height in weather radar observations is higher than the HYSPLIT model and the direction of volcanic ash distribution is different from Volcanic Observatory Notice for Aviation (VONA) observations.Received: 2024-05-24 Revised: 2025-06-26 Accepted: 2025-08-15Published: 2025-08-19  
Disparity Mapping of Rural-Urban High School Teachers' TPACK Level Sari, Rima Meilita; Urfan, Faiz; Sahudra, Tengku Muhammad; Ridhwan, Ridhwan
Indonesian Journal of Geography Vol 57, No 2 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Geography
Publisher : Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijg.97110

Abstract

This study examines the disparity in Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) levels among high school teachers, distinguishing between rural and urban settings within two regions on the Aceh East Coast, specifically Langsa City and Aceh Tamiang Regency. The research encompasses 560 teachers from both private and public high schools in Langsa City, an urban area, and Aceh Tamiang Regency, a rural area. Data is acquired through the test and questionnaire to capture teachers' TPACK levels. The data analysis used in this research is Global Moran's I and Anselin Local Moran's I to visualize patterns and disparities in teachers' TPACK levels. The research results reveal a significant disparity between urban (Langsa City) and rural (Aceh Tamiang Regency) areas. Langsa City has a random TPACK distribution pattern (Global Moran's I Index = 0,02438), while Aceh Tamiang Regency has a clustered pattern (Global Moran's I Index = 0,17018). This indicates that Aceh Tamiang Regency has higher disparities among high school teachers in TPACK levels compared to Langsa City. Then, Langsa City has better equality in the quality of high school teachers. Furthermore, analysis from Anselin's Local Moran's I reveals a concentration of teachers with the highest TPACK levels in the municipal district and teachers with low TPACK levels in the peripheral area. It can be found in both regions' hot and cold spots. Received: 2024-06-13  Revised: 2024-07-03 Accepted: 2025-06-26 Published: 2025-07-30
Transforming Post-Mining Villages through Innovative BUMDes Management and Capacity Building: A Pathway to Rural Entrepreneurship and Economic Resilience in West Sumbawa Ibrahim, Ibrahim; Mintasrihardi, Mintasrihardi; Mukhlishin, Mukhlishin; Iskandar, Syaifuddin
Indonesian Journal of Geography Vol 57, No 2 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Geography
Publisher : Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijg.98035

Abstract

This study explores the impact of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) on improving economic welfare and fostering entrepreneurship in the West Sumbawa gold mining area, where BUMDes have struggled to significantly enhance community welfare. The research aims to identify the innovations implemented by BUMDes to overcome these challenges. Utilizing a qualitative methodology with a case study approach, data was collected through interviews, observations, and documentation within BUMDes operating in the mining region. The analysis involved crosstab/frequency and qualitative descriptive techniques to uncover patterns and insights. The findings indicate that innovation in managing local resources is critical, encompassing the development of innovative products, the application of digital technologies, and the establishment of collaborations with external parties. These strategies have been pivotal in enabling BUMDes to address the economic needs of the community more effectively. However, the study also highlights the necessity of enhancing the managerial capacities of those running BUMDes. Without significant improvements in managerial skills, the potential of BUMDes to compete on a global scale and act as sustainable economic drivers within their communities remains limited. The research suggests that targeted capacity-building initiatives are essential for empowering BUMDes to fulfill their intended role as catalysts for rural economic growth. The study contributes to the broader understanding of how rural enterprises can innovate and adapt to changing economic landscapes, particularly in resource-rich areas, and provides practical recommendations for policymakers and stakeholders aiming to strengthen the impact of BUMDes on village economies.Received: 2024-07-09 Revised: 2024-08-08 Accepted: 2025-07-11 Published: 2025-07-31
A Spatio-Temporal Analysis of River Channel Migration & Erosion-Depositional Pattern of Lower Part of the Dikrong River of Assam by Using Geo-Spatial Technology Prakasam, C; Pathak, Manisha
Indonesian Journal of Geography Vol 57, No 2 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Geography
Publisher : Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijg.98673

Abstract

Rivers often show different morphological changes in different periods and geographical areas; a river's morphology changes due to erosion, deposition & transportation processes to attain the equilibrium state. The activity of erosion & deposition is highest in the alluvial River as a result of the river channel migration, which affects the land cover and the livelihood of the inhabitants. The Dikrang River is the northern sub-tributary of Brahmaputra, which originates in Arunachal Pradesh and flows through the Brahmaputra valley. As a result of the erosion and deposition, both the river channels have migrated, this changes the equilibrium state of the River’s aquatic environment and modifies the land use pattern in the floodplain. The objective of the present study is to identify the River channel migration pattern & the erosion-depositional scenario of the Dikrong River channel from the period of 1973-2022 to identified the responsible factors of the hazard that may helpful for the better management of the River channel. The Survey of India topographical map, LANDSAT satellite images, and geospatial tools have been applied to measure the bank line migration of the Dikrong River. The output of the study represents that the remarkable channel migration occurred in the River due to the vast sedimentation & ongoing erosion activity on both banks of the River. The lower and central parts of the river channel have gradually changed the course of the River both in the direction of the West and East of the Dikrang River channel. The study will be helpful for the planners & geomorphologists in preparing an effective management strategy to solve the problem & proper development of the watershed.Received: 2024-07-27  Revised: 2024-08-20 Accepted: 2025-07-06 Published: 2025-07-31
Soil Quality Index of Tropical Peatlands Affected by Canal Blockages Nusantara, Rossie Wiedya; Gusmayanti, Evi Gusmayanti; Sudrajat, Jajat Sudrajat
Indonesian Journal of Geography Vol 57, No 2 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Geography
Publisher : Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijg.99247

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the Soil Quality Index (SQI) of peatlands where canal blocking was implemented. The research was conducted in two villages in Kubu Raya District, West Kalimantan Province e.g. Madu Sari and Teluk Empening. The sites in Madu Sari were impacted by permanent canal blocking with horticultural crops (M1) and corn (M2), while the sites in Teluk Empening had simple canal blocking with rubber (E1) and horticultural crops (E2). A total of 24 peat soil samples were collected from a depth of 0-20 cm. These samples were analyzed for nineteen physical, chemical, and biological indicators, including peat depth, water-table depth, bulk density, water content, total porosity, permeability, pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, CN ratio, available phosphorus, exchangeable sodium, exchangeable potassium, exchangeable calcium, exchangeable magnesium, cation exchange capacity, base saturation, ash content, and earthworm. Statistical tests used ANOVA and brown-forsythe to determine the effect of location, as well as tukey test and howell games for further tests. The reduction from 19 to 13 indicators was based on the correlation of the constituent indicators with a value of r>0.5. There are 3 steps  to determine SQI, namely to identification of the minimum data set (MDS), (2) the scoring of the MDS indicators, and (3) the calculation of the SQI value. The SQI values for the sites were 0.64 (good) for M1, 0.56 (moderate) for M2, 0.50 (moderate) for E1, and 0.52 (moderate) for E2, reflecting varying levels of soil quality across the locations. The addition of organic matter from manure has a positive impact on soil quality compared to the application of inorganic fertilisers and intensive tillage.Received: 2024-08-19 Revised: 2024-11-15 Accepted: 2025-08-15 Published: 2025-08-19 
Mapping the Return Migration: Estimating and Projecting Indian Emigrants from the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Suhail, Mohammad; Ravshanov, Alikul Xudoyberdiyevich; Lutfullo, Ibragimovich; Marufdjon, Usmanov; Kadirov, Murodillo
Indonesian Journal of Geography Vol 57, No 2 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Geography
Publisher : Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijg.99712

Abstract

This study examines the phenomenon of return migration among Indian migrants in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, with a focus on the period from 2002 to 2014. Drawing on data from various sources, including government reports and field surveys conducted from November 2018 to May 2019, the research provides valuable insights into the patterns, trends, and implications of return migration for India. The analysis reveals a significant surge in the number of Indian migrants returning from the GCC region during the specified period, with an estimated 3-4 million individuals expected to have repatriated to India. Factors driving this trend include changes in labour demand, economic conditions, and government policies in both India and the GCC countries. The study also highlights the challenges faced by returnees, such as reintegration into the Indian labour market, access to social services, and cultural adjustments. Despite these challenges, return migration presents substantial opportunities for India, including the transfer of skills, knowledge, and financial resources from the diaspora, as well as the potential for enhanced economic cooperation and development partnerships between India and the GCC countries. By understanding the dynamics of return migration and addressing the associated challenges, India can better leverage the potential of its diaspora for national development and prosperity. Received: 2024-09-04 Revised: 2024-10-05 Accepted: 2025-08-15 Published: 2025-08-19  
Exploring the Post-COVID-19 Wellness Tourism Potential in Central Asia: A Case of Almaty Region, Kazakhstan Sabirzhan, Saidullayev; Sheikhi, Ahmadreza; Anatolyevna, Abenova Yelena; Erikovna, Nurmukhanbetova Dinara; Namazbayeva, Zaure
Indonesian Journal of Geography Vol 57, No 2 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Geography
Publisher : Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijg.100259

Abstract

This study examines the Almaty Region in southeast Kazakhstan as a potential wellness tourism destination and a regional hub for Central Asia. It primarily focuses on the perspectives of private-sector stakeholders, including entrepreneurs, owners, and administrators of wellness centers, while also exploring the demand for wellness tourism products (WTP) in the post-COVID-19 context. Additionally, the study highlights the region's natural wellness resources and their contribution to improving local quality of life, in line with Kazakhstan's Strategy 2030.  Data were collected through fieldwork, employing semi-structured face-to-face interviews and participant observation as the main methods. Over two months (March–April 2024), twelve in-depth interviews were conducted in Kazakh and Russian at wellness tourism centers catering to both domestic and international tourists. Observations were made at more than 30 centers near the hot springs of Sharyn village in the Almaty Region.  The findings indicate a growing interest in wellness services, positioning the Almaty Region as an emerging hub for wellness tourism in Central Asia. These results offer valuable insights for policymakers, investors, and tourism professionals aiming to develop wellness tourism in the area.Received: 2024-09-28  Revised: 2025-03-19  Accepted: 2025-08-15 Published: 2025-08-20
Analyzing Burglary Dynamics through Land Use in Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, and Putrajaya: A Space-Time EHSA Approach Ahmad, Azizul; Masron, Tarmiji; Junaini, Syahrul Nizam; Jamian, Mohd Azizul Hafiz; Barawi, Mohamad Hardyman; Kimura, Yoshinari; Jubit, Norita; Rainis, Ruslan
Indonesian Journal of Geography Vol 57, No 2 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Geography
Publisher : Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijg.101678

Abstract

In response to the escalating incidence of burglary incidents in rapidly urbanizing metropolitan regions, this study innovatively integrates Emerging Hot Spot Analysis (EHSA) with Space-Time Pattern Mining (STPM) to examine the spatio-temporal dynamics of burglary across Selangor, Kuala Lumpur Federal Territory (KLFT) and Putrajaya Federal Territory (PFT) between 2015 and 2020. This paper aims to delineate the intricate interplay between urban land use configurations and the evolving patterns of burglary, thereby addressing critical research gaps in crime mapping and predictive resource allocation. The research employed robust methodological framework within the ArcGIS Pro 3.1 environment, the research stratifies crime data into four distinct temporal intervals to construct space-time netCDF cubes, applies the Getis-Ord Gi* statistic with False Discovery Rate (FDR) correction to identify statistically significant clusters, and utilizes the Mann-Kendall trend test to classify hotspots into eight categories (new, consecutive, intensifying, persistent, diminishing, sporadic, oscillating, and historical). The results reveal a nuanced spatial clustering of burglary incidents that is significantly influenced by varied land use types—ranging from residential and industrial zones to open spaces—thereby enhancing the granularity of hotspot detection and offering empirical insights into the temporal evolution of crime patterns. The study dinds that the integration of advanced geospatial analyses not only clarifies the complex dynamics between urban morphology and burglary occurrences but also provides a solid empirical basis for informed law enforcement and urban planning strategies. Moreover, these findings underscore the need for ongoing longitudinal investigations and the development of adaptive, data-driven models to refine predictive capabilities further and foster sustainable urban safety initiatives.
Spatio-temporal variability of Temperature and rainfall in the Jabitehinan District in North West Ethiopia Birhanie, Addisu Bitew; Mengistu, Daniel Ayalew
Indonesian Journal of Geography Vol 57, No 2 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Geography
Publisher : Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijg.102013

Abstract

Climate change, driven largely by human activities, leads to long-term shifts in temperature and precipitation. This study aimed to examine trends and spatiotemporal variability in rainfall and temperature in the Jabitehinan District, northwest Ethiopia, and assess their implications for agriculture and resource management. Historical climate data from the six meteorological stations in Ethiopian National Meteorological Agency were analyzed using Sen’s slope estimator, the Mann-Kendall test, and the Precipitation Concentration Index, while spatial variability was assessed using the Inverse Distance Weighted method. Results revealed that mean seasonal rainfall reduction trends were 0.014 mm (spring), 0.005 mm (summer), 0.207 mm (autumn), and 0.057 mm (winter), with an annual average of 0.0122 mm. Temperature trends showed consistent increases: mean seasonal values rose by 0.189°C (winter), 0.215°C (spring), 0.184°C (summer), and 0.042°C (autumn), with an annual average rise of 0.206°C. Decadal trends showed increases in maximum, minimum, and mean temperatures at rates of 0.014°C, 0.029°C, and 0.037°C, respectively. The spatial distribution of rainfall was highest in the upper highlands (1790–1890 mm/year). About 57% of the middle district received 1768–1790 mm, while 20% of the area had 1790–1812 mm, 13% had 1746–1768 mm, and 10% received 1702–1746 mm annually. These findings highlight the substantial impact of climate variability on agricultural productivity, especially for rain-fed farming. They emphasize the need for climate-smart agricultural practices and inform policies aimed at supporting smallholder farmers in similar agro-ecological zones.Received: 2024-11-29 Revised: 2025-04-04 Accepted: 2025-05-31 Published: 2025-07-31  
Learning from the past: Vulnerability analysis and cascading hazard classification of the three major volcanic eruptions in Indonesia Malawani, Mukhamad Ngainul; Hadmoko, Danang Sri; Rachmadan, Firdaus Alif; Pratiwi, Dinda; Hermawan, Hannan Revi; Hayat, Dimas Maula; Laksono, Agung; Wibisono, Hafidz; Handayani, Tiara
Indonesian Journal of Geography Vol 57, No 2 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Geography
Publisher : Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijg.102139

Abstract

This research addresses a significant gap in understanding the social impacts of three major volcanic eruptions in Indonesia: Samalas in 1257, Tambora in 1815, and Krakatau in 1883. While these events have been widely studied in geological and volcanic contexts, their societal impacts and the associated cascading hazards have not been thoroughly compared. Utilizing historical documents that reflect societal memories, including Babad Lombok, Babad Sembalun, Babad Suwung, Syair Kerajaan Bima, and Syair Lampung Karam alongside records from the Dutch East Indies period, this study investigates the community responses and impacts of these catastrophic events. The findings reveal that all documented social memories articulate the communities' reactions and the resultant consequences of these eruptions. Additionally, geological and volcanological data from prior studies were employed to describe the characteristics of past vulnerabilities. Notably, Samalas exhibited the longest recovery process, whereas Krakatau resulted in the highest number of casualties due to its cascading hazards. All events are categorized within the M4 scale of cascading hazards, emphasizing the complexity of these disasters. This research offers critical insights into Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) programs, highlighting the necessity of integrating historical social memory into modern risk management strategies. By understanding past community responses, DRR initiatives can better prepare for future volcanic events, ensuring a more resilient society. Received: 2024-12-03 Revised: 2025-04-30 Accepted: 2025-08-06 Published: 2025-08-20  

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