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Journal of Global Pharma Technology
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 09758542     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
ournal of Global Pharma Technology is a monthly, open access, Peer review journal of Pharmacy published by JGPT Journal publishes peer-reviewed original research papers, case reports and systematic reviews. The journal allows free access to its contents, which is likely to attract more readers and citations to articles published in JGPT. JGPT publishes original research work that contributes significantly to the scientific knowledge in pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences- Pharmaceutics, Novel Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Technology, Cosmeticology, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacognosy, Natural Product Research, Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacology, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology and Applied Computer Technology. For this purpose we would like to ask you to contribute your excellent papers in pharmaceutical sciences.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Onkologi
Articles 2,439 Documents
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Enhancing Dissolution and Bioavaibility of Purely Water Insoluble Natural Compounds by Solid Dispersion with Hot Melt Extrusion Technique Sofi Nurmay Stiani; Taofik Rusdiana; Anas Subarnas
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 10 Issue 07: (2018) July 2018
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Abstract

The use of herbal remedies is still a trend in the world, especially Indonesia as the second largest country after Brazil is rich in medicinal plants, in addition to having many pharmacological properties also have low side effects. The most common problems with biopharmaceutically related natural substances are low drug solubility, low biopharmaceutics, stability problems and active substance absorption. Bioavailability is an important factor in achieving the effects of drug therapy. Low bioavailability may occur due to low water solubility, instability in the digestion, and difficulty passing through the membrane. To overcome the problem of bioavaibility of natural material compounds should be made efforts to improve it, one of them with solid dispersion method. The solid dispersion is the dispersion of one or more active ingredients in an inert solid carrier. Technique of Dispersion in the carrier can be by way of hot spin mixing, co-evaporation, co-precipttion, freeze-drying, spray drying and HME. Techniques that are still rarely used in Indonesia is hot melt extrusion (HME). This study aims to explore characteristics of the chemical properties of natural materials, efforts to increase the bioavailability of natural compounds, and solid dispersion techniques.Keywords: Bioavailability, Natural compounds, solid dispersion, hot melt extrusion
Effect of Grape Seed Extract on Biochemical Factor and Histological Changes in Liver and the Kidney in Albino Rat Infected Hypo- Hyperthyroidism Induced Laboratory by Carbimazole and L-Thyroxine Ahmed Jassem Al-Naely
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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Abstract

The aim of the current study was showing the effect of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism on some physiological parameters (creatinine and urea) and the concentration of amine transfer enzymes (AST, ALT, and ALP) also the histological structure of liver and kidney in albino rat, and role of grape seed extract (GSE) in protecting the liver and kidney tissue against thyroid disorders and improve the level, creatinine, urea, AST, ALT, and ALP. Study experiment samples consist of 80 rats divided into two main groups hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, each group includes five treatments. Carbimazole was used in 30 mg/kg dose to induce hypothyroidism and L-thyroxin in 20 mg/kg dose to induce hyperthyroidism. Results showed that a significant increased (P<0.05)concentrations of creatinin, urea, AST,ALT in  hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism groups compare with control, ALP significant increased (P<0.05)in hyperthyroidism while showed significant decreased (P<0.05)in hypothyroidism compare with control, treatment with GSE in both groups showed significant differences in concentration of urea, creatinin, AST, ALT, ALP and improved liver and kidney tissue compare with hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism treatments. It was concluded from this study that extract of grape seeds has a protective role for the liver and kidney against damage caused by thyroid disorders and its treatments.Keywords: Grape seed extract, Thyroid, Liver, Kidney, Carbimazole, L-Thyroxin, Hypothyroidism, Hyperthyroidism.
Antimicrobial Pharmacotherapy of Community-acquired Pneumonia in Liver Cirrhosis Patients: Accent on the Antibiotic Resistance Risk Stratification Natalia Kobelevskaya
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 01
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Abstract

There is a proliferation of bacteria that are resistant to many drugs. This has created the need to: identify risk factors for the acquisition of resistant pathogens; stratify patients infected with pathogens. Such pathogens should be considered when choosing the starting antimicrobial therapy for pneumonia associated with cirrhosis. Therefore, the aim of the work is to study the profile of antimicrobial resistance of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) pathogens that are detected in patients with cirrhosis. While stratifying patients with the risk of infection by pathogens. A retrospective analysis was carried out of 216 patients who were hospitalized in a multidisciplinary hospital in 2016-2018 with CAP. The patients were with a positive result of a respiratory bacterial culture sampling. As a result, the most common microorganisms in patients with CAP and cirrhosis of the liver of alcoholic etiology were E. coli (34.6%), St.aureus (26.9%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (23.1%). In patients with cirrhosis of the liver of mixed alcohol-viral etiology, the following microorganisms prevailed: St.aureus (36.1%), E.coli (31.2%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (22.9%). After analyzing all the results, the authors came to the conclusion that the microorganisms (that cause CAP in patients with cirrhosis) differ depending on the etiology of cirrhosis and are mostly gram-negative (K.pneumoniae and E.coli). Besides, S.aureus appears frequency. In general, causative agents of CAP with multidrug resistance in patients with cirrhosis are detected in 28.5% of patients: 24.6% MDR and 3.96% XDR.Keywords: Pneumonia; Antimicrobial therapy; Antibiotic resistance; Risk stratification.
The Effect of Compound Training in Some Physical Abilities and Accuracy of Scoring for the Free Kick of Direct Young Football Players Qassem Mohammed Hassan
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 10 Issue 10: 2018
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Abstract

As the importance of research in the preparation of complex exercises and knowledge of the impact on some physical abilities and accuracy of the skill of scoring for the free kick directly to the football of young players. The problem of research: researchers believe that the problem of research is concentrated in the lack of use of trainers for physical training exercises that participate directly in the free kick direct football. Therefore, the researchers considered the preparation of complex exercises (physical and professional) which would affect some physical abilities contributing to the accuracy of scoring free kick direct football, so researchers wanted to go into this experiment.Research ObjectivesPreparation of training exercises for football.Knowing the effect of the combined exercises in some physical abilities contribute to the accuracy of scoring for the direct free kick of young football players.Research HypothesisThere is an impact of the training complex in some physical abilities of young football players.The impact of the training of the vehicle in the accuracy of direct free kick score among young football players.As for the research methodology and field procedures, researchers used the experimental method to solve the problem of research. The research community was identified by the young players of Najaf clubs for the season 2017-2018, which are 8 players who are skilled in the free kick. And control) in a simple random way (lots).As for the most important conclusions and recommendations, the most important conclusions are the following:The complex exercises helped to develop some of the physical abilities of (explosive power, the power of speed, speed motor).The complex exercises contributed to the development of the accuracy of scoring free kick direct to football.Keywords: Compound training, physical abilities and accuracy of scoring.
Ethanol Extract Cream of Jackfruit Tree Bark (Arthocarpus Heterophilus) is Equally Effective with Hydroquinone Cream on Preventing the Increase of Melanin on Guinea Pigs Skin (Cavia porcelus) Exposed to Ultraviolet B Ray Indiradewi Hastiningsih
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 04.
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Abstract

Introduction: Ethanol extract of jackfruit tree bark (Artocarpus heterophillus) contains antioxidants, phenolic substances, tannin, steroid, linoleic acid ethyl ester, and vitamin C which can inhibit the elevation of melanin levels on epidermal tissue. Hydroquinone (HQ) was used as comparison because HQ is the gold standard of hyperpigmentation therapy. Method: This research is a laboratory experimental research using randomized post-test only control group design with 30 male guinea pigs (Cavia Porcelus) divided into 3 groups with 10 individuals on each group, with control group given base cream, group 1 was administered 4% hydroquinone cream, and group 2 was administered 4% jackfruit tree bark extract cream. All intervention groups were exposed with UV-B ray with total dose of 390 mJ/cm² three times in a week for 2 weeks, and underwent biopsy of their skin sample to examine the amount of melanin on the epidermal layer. Result: The result of our research showed the mean amount of melanin on control group was 54.33±4. 51%, group 1 was 3.01± 0.89% and group 2 was 4.23± 1.82%. There is a significant difference between control group and both group 1 and 2 in inhibiting the increase of melanin amount on epidermal tissue (p<0.05). There is no significant difference between group 1 and 2 on inhibiting the increase of melanin amount on epidermal tissue (p>0.05). Conclusion: We conclude that 4% jackfruit tree bark extract cream can prevent the increase of melanin amount on guinea pigs’ skin epidermal layer. The 4% jackfruit tree bark extract cream is equally effective to 4% hydroquinone cream on preventing the elevation of melanin amount on epidermal layer of guinea pig’s skin exposed with UV-B ray.Keywords: Jackfruit tree bark extract cream, Melanin amount, UV-B ray.
A Review Article of Gastroretentive Drug Delivery System R. Margret Chandira
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 05 (2020) May 2020
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Abstract

The purpose of writing this review was to investigate, compile and present the recent as well as past literatures in more concise way with special focus on approaches which are currently utilized in the prolongation of gastric residence time. Drug absorption in GIT varies and increased gastric retention time of the dosage form extends the time of drug absorption. Thereby implementing site specific drug release in the stomach for local and systemic effect. It is very useful for the drugs which having narrow absorption Rate. These includes floating system, swelling and expanding system, bio / mucoadhesive system, high density system and other delayed gastric emptying devices.
Preliminary phytochemical screening and Thin layer chromatography of plant Halodule uninervis R. Karthikeyan
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 10 Issue 02: (2018) Feb 2018
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Abstract

To study the Physico and phyto chemical characters of the plant Halodule uninervis (family Cymodoceaceae) and also to carry out the thin layer chromatographic fingerprint. Phytochemical investigations and fluorescence analysis were carried out as per the standard techniques. Various quantitative parameters like ash values, extractive values and flavonoid content can be used as quality control parameters for the plant Halodule uninervis were determined. The crude extract with methanol and fingerprinting pattern was developed by using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) technique equipped with pre coated Silica plate of 12cm height using automatic TLC scanner and detected in  Visual, UV light and fluorescent light. Preliminary phytochemical studies confirmed the presence of alkaloid, carbohydrate, glycoside, protein, tannin, flavonoid, triterpenoid and phenol. TLC analysis of methanolic extract of Halodule uninervis shown that there was many phytoconstituents with different composition of mobile phase. TLC fingerprint analysis of the plant Halodule uninervis can be used as a diagnostic tool for the correct identification of the plant and it is useful as a phytochemical marker and also a good estimator of genetic variability in plant populations.Key words: Plant extract of Halodule uninervis, Phytochemical screening, Physico chemical character, TLC fingerprinting.
Reinforcing Effect of Nano Kaolin Clay on Some Optical Properties of Poly (methyl methacrylate) for Medical Application Fouad. Sh. Hashim
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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Abstract

In this study, the effects of nano kaolin clay content on the optical properties of PMMA films are investigated. PVA solution used as a coated layer covered the nano-kaolin applied as filler. The reinforced nano-kaolin content of 1, 3, 5, and 7 wt%. Improve the absorbance of UV radiation for (PMMA/kaolin) nanocomposite films at 7 wt% allows use for protection purposes, such as solar radiation shield , in the manufacture of sunglasses to protect the human eye from UV radiation damaged to the tissues of the body and as packaging for storage drugs. The values of allowed and forbidden indirect transition optical energy gap decrease with increasing the rate of reinforced nano-kaolin up to (4.27, 3, 2.8, 2.49, 2.23 eV) and (3.99, 2.4, 2.1, 1.8, 1.3 eV) respectively. Refractive indexes, extinction coefficient of polymer reinforcement nano-kaolin were done.Key words: PMMA, Nano-kaolin clay, Optical properties, Composite materials.
Chemotaxonomical Study of Some Species Belonging to the Genus Scabiosa l. (Dipsacaceae) in Iraq Khazal Dh. Wadi Al-Jibouri
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 07
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Abstract

The current study is a comparative chemotaxonomical study of five species species belonging to the genus Scabiosa L. from Dipsacaceae (Caprifoliaceae) ,wildly grown in Iraq which are S.palaestina L., S. calocephala Boiss ,S. persica Boiss., S. leucactis Patzak. and S. brachycarpa Boiss.et Hoh. The study done by using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), the results helped in isolation species by distinguishing them with their own chemical compounds. All the studied species participated in a single chemical compound Oleic Acid, but the species varied in the number of chemical compounds. S. brachycarba contains (18) chemical compounds, S. leucactis contained (14) compounds, S. persica recorded (21) compounds and S. calocephala contained (28) compounds which was the highest among the studied species and the record (6) compounds in the S. palaestina, which was the lowest species. The species varied in distinguished compounds of each species, S. persica was distinguished by (4) chemical compounds S. brachycarba (3) distinct compounds while S. leucactis was characterized by (4) compounds, whereas S. calocephala (4) compounds and finally S. palaestina characterized by a single compound.Keywords: Scabiosa, Dipsacacea, Chemotaxonomy.
The Use of Various Polymers with Solid Dispersion Application of Hot Melt Extrusion (HME) Preparing New Delivery Drug System Sofi Nurmay Stiani
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 09 (2020) Sept. 2020
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Abstract

Hot Melt Extrusion (HME) at the beginning appeared widely used in the plastic industry and food industry, but in the last few decades, many researchers have succeeded in applying the HME method as a drug delivery system and determining various dosage forms in the pharmaceutical industry. The challenges that arise in the pharmaceutical are related to the solubility, dissolution rate, and bioavailability of drugs, especially for drugs that have low solubility in water. The low solubility and bioavailability will reduce the pharmacological effect of a drug. Solid dispersion using HME method succeeded in answering this challenge by distributing the drug evenly in the hydrophilic polymer during the extrusion process and changing the crystalline form to the amorphous form while maintaining drug stability. This review will examine the polymers are suitable for the HME method, Mechanism for solid dispersion using HME method, Steps must be taken to prepare solid dispersions using HME and characterization of solid dispersion resulting from HME and determinants of success of solid dispersions Keywords: Polymer, Solid Dispersion, hot-melt extrusion, Mechanism of solid dispersion, Step HME.

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