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Journal of Global Pharma Technology
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 09758542     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
ournal of Global Pharma Technology is a monthly, open access, Peer review journal of Pharmacy published by JGPT Journal publishes peer-reviewed original research papers, case reports and systematic reviews. The journal allows free access to its contents, which is likely to attract more readers and citations to articles published in JGPT. JGPT publishes original research work that contributes significantly to the scientific knowledge in pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences- Pharmaceutics, Novel Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Technology, Cosmeticology, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacognosy, Natural Product Research, Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacology, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology and Applied Computer Technology. For this purpose we would like to ask you to contribute your excellent papers in pharmaceutical sciences.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Onkologi
Articles 2,439 Documents
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Spectrophotometric Determination of Trifluoperazine hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Tablets by Oxidative Coupling Reaction with 2, 5-Dimethoxyaniline Karrar Majeed
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 10 Issue 06: (2018) June 2018
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Abstract

A simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method was developed for the determination of Trifluoperazine hydrochloride (TRF) in pure form and in pharmaceutical tablets. The method was based on oxidative coupling reaction of TRF with 2, 5 dimethoxyaniline to form colored product with maximum absorbance at 722 nm. The reaction conditions were studied and optimized. The linear range for the determination of TRF was 0.1–7 mg mL-1, while the detection limit and quantification limit are 0.018 and 0.061 μg ml-1, the molar absorptivity of 9.240×104 L mol-1cm-1 with Shandell's sensitivity index 0.0051 μg cm-2.The precision and accuracy of the method are checked by calculating relative standard deviation (RSD) (< 0.506%) and average recovery (99. 696%).  The value of the stability constant has been calculated and found to be 3.31 ×104     L.mol-1. A statistical comparison of these results with those obtained by the British pharmacopoeia procedure using the Student t-test and variance ratio F-test shows a good agreement and indicates no significant difference in accuracy and precision at the 95% confide.Keywords: Trifluoperazine hydrochloride, 2, 5-dimethoxyaniline, Pharmaceutical tablets, spectrophotometric.
An Evaluation of Water Pollution in the Southern Iraqi Marshes by Using Bacterial Indicators and Other Related Parameters Mohammed Fadhil Abo-Ksour
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 9 Issue 10
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Seven selected stations were chosen in Al-Hammer marshes in the south of Iraq. The stations were chosen to cover this big area on this natural lake starting from Mneba, Omria, Jzera, Tar, Sweha, as well as two stations were near to Chebaesh which namelyNC1 and NC2. The samples collection was done in the first day of three months; June, July, and August 2016.Water physical and chemical characteristics such as temperature, pH, salinity, and dissolved oxygen (DO) were analyzed. In addition, total bacterial concentration, total coli form, fecal coli form, streptococci and fecal streptococci were determined by the serial dilution technique using Most Probable Number method (MPN) and Total Bacterial Count (T.B.C). The results show that the averages of temperature, pH, salinity, and DO were 34.5°, 7.5, 1.28 ppm, 1.04 mg/respectively. The results bacterial detections showed that total bacterial count (T.B.C). We’re ranging from 1*105 /dl to 2*107 /dl with average equal to 2.4*106 /ml, while fecal coli form (FC) were ranging from 300 /dl to 5*104 /dl with average equal to 7*103 /dl, as well fecal streptococci (FS) average was 1000 /dl and the results were ranging from 100 /dl till it reaches to 5000 /dl, with average around1000 /dl. FC/FS ratio were ranging from 1to 40 and both of them were recorded in June with average of the whole stations equal to 10.9, The highest FC/FS average among all the selected stations was in Jzera (28.9), while the lowest one was in Sweha (1.8).However, FC/FS ratios in Jzera, Sweha and Mneba stations were <4, while they were >4 in the other stations. Keywords: Iraqi marches, Dissolved oxygen, Salinity, Fecal coli form, Fecal streptococci, FC/FS ratio.
Pharmacokinetic Modification of Controlled Release Matrix Tablets of Balsalazide Palanisamy Vishnu
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 10 Issue 12.
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Balsalazide is used to treat a certain bowel disease (ulcerative colitis) and it also helps to reduce symptoms of ulcerative colitis such as diarrheal, rectal bleeding and stomach pain.  It has a short half life and under goes extensive first pass metabolism. In the present study, balsalazide  600mg controlled release matrices were prepared by wet granulation method and in vitro drug dissolution studies were performed to find out the drug release rate and patterns. Eudragit L-100, Eudragit RSpo, lactose and their combination were used as rate controlling polymer. Tablets were formulated using different polymers ratios. As In vitro drug releaser was carried out using USP type II (paddle method ) at 50 rpm in 900ml of acetic dissolution medium(pH 1.2) for 2 hrs, followed by 900ml alkaline dissolution medium (Ph7.4) upto 12 hrs. Mean dissolution time is used to characterize drug release rate from a dosage form and indicates the drug retarding efficiency of polymer. When Eudragit L 100 and Eudragit RSpo were used alone as the only retarding polymer, a sustained drug release pattern were not absorbed while, combination in the matrix almost doubled the time required for releasing the drug. Several kinetic models were applied to the dissolution profiles to determine the drug release kinetics.
Molecular Detection of Some Virulence Factors Genes of Proteus Mirabilis That Isolated From Urinary Tract Infection Afraa Naji Jamel
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 05.
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Abstract

A total of (160) clinical specimen of urine collected from patients suffering from urinary tract infections at different ages and from both sex in different hospitals in Baghdad during the period from September 2017 to February 2018.were cultured on selective media MacConkey agar. Bacterial isolates were identified by a microscopic examination and diagnosed by using biochemical tests. A further identification by vitak 2system.The results showed that (103) samples were positive for bacteriological culture (64.6%), the percentage of Proteus spp were (54) urine sample (52.4%) and percentage of Proteus mirabilis isolates were (40) isolates (74%) while Proteus vulgaris were (14) isolates (25.9%) while the results indicated the isolation rate of Proteus mirablis from females was (67%) which was higher than that of males (33%).Selection ten isolates of P. mirabilis which show highest urease activity and adhesion to uroepithelia cell. Aderence capability of the isolates was also tested in accordance to epithelial cells isolated from female urine all isolates were capable of adhering to epithelial cells. The genetic study included an extraction of genomic DNA from (10) p. mirablis, then detection of virulence genes ure C that responsible for urease ,  mrpA for fimbrial and ability to adherence to uroepithelial cell for these isolated by using convential PCR all isolated give positive result. Selection five from ure c and mrp A gene amplicons of P. mirabilis sent to Korea for direct sequencing. The nucleotide sequences of ure c, and mrp A genes were compared with the sequences of the mrp A and  ure c gene using BLAST option of NCBI (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, BLAST v. 2.2.15, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. The result was 100% matching with the registrar globally.
Molecular Detection of Extended Spectrum-Beta Lactamase Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Pregnant Women Infected with Urinary Tract Infection Oday Mitib Hadi
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 12 Issue 06 (2020) June 2020
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Abstract

During pregnancy, the urine becomes low concentration and increase the volume of the bladder as a result of an increase of the plasma volume. These factors combined and leading to stasis of urine and ureterovesical reflux [3].A uropathogenic strain of E. coli (UPEC) was the most predominant cause of infection in the urinary tract system in the world [4; 5]. The main bacterial mechanism of resistance to the β-Lactame antibiotic was the β-Lactamase production [8]. Generally, ESBLs genes were SHV type, TEM type, CTX-M type, and OXA. The SHV type of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases was the more commonly present in clinical isolates than any type of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases [25]. A total of two hundred and seventy nine midstream urine samples were collected randomly from the pregnant women suspected to be infected with urinary tract infection admitted to Al-Sader Medical City, Najaf- Iraq, from Oct. 2017 to Dec. 2018. Cultural and Biochemical properties were studied carefully. Vitec 2 system was used to confirm the identification. Extended spectrum beta lactamase genes (bla TEM, bla SHV, bla CTX-M, and bla OXA) were detected by using polymerase chain reaction technique. The highest percent of infected pregnant women was 42.8% in the age group 20-25 years, most of them (76.5%) in the third trimester of pregnancy. According to the educational level (38.13%) of pregnant women had completed the primary school. The recovery of UPEC was 62.60%. From the analysis samples the percentage of E. coli isolates in pure culture were 10.71% (6/56), 39.29% (22/56) and 50% (28/56), in the first, second and third trimesters, respectively. On the other hand, the recovered percentage of E. coli as a mix growth were occupied different ratios there were 18.75%(3/16), 37.5%(6/16) and 43.75%(7/16) in the first, second and third trimesters, respectively. Also, the results revealed that the commonest gene was CTX-M 90.9% (as a single, double and more than two genes). The majority of the E. coli strains carried two or more ESBL genes, of these isolates, 1/22 (4.55%) had two types of ESBL genes were TEM and CTX-M-positive; tow (2/22: 9.09%) were OXA- and CTX-M-positive. Three of these isolate had three types of ESBL genes 3/22 (13.64%) and only five strain 5/22 (22.72%) carried all 4 gene types. From the previous results we conclude the presence of the ESBL bearing strains of UPEC at high level, and this finding may be affected the pregnant women and her fetus. Keywords: UTI, UPEC, Pregnancy trimesters, ESBL.
Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activities of 5,5,-(ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(4-(4-nitrobenzylideneamino)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thio) and its Complexes with Cu(II), Cd(II), Hg(II) and Ag(I) ions Nada A. Rasheed
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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A series of coordination compounds of Cu(II), Cd(II) , Hg(II)  and Ag(I) ions with 5,5, -(ethane-1,2-diyl)bis(4-(4-nitrobenzylideneamino)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thio) , as a ligand has been successfully prepared in alcoholic medium. The synthesized complexes were characterized quantitatively and qualitatively by using: elemental analysis CHNS, FT-IR spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, 1H and 13CNMR, atomic absorption measurements, magnetic susceptibility, thermal analysis)TG and DTG) and conductivity measurements . This ligand coordinates as a bidentate that to the metal ions through sulphur and nitrogen of (azomethine group) atoms. According to the spectral data, Cu(II)- complex has coordination of 6 with octahedral geometry while the Cd(II)-complex and Hg(II) have coordination of 4 with exhibited tetrahedral ,and the Ag(I)-complex has coordination of 3 with exhibited trigonal planer ,  The Schiff base and its metal complexes have been screened for antimicrobial activity against four  bacteria, namely :(Staphylococcus aureus, , Streptococcus sp. , Klebsilla Pneumonia  Escherichia coli )and the  fungi, namely ( Aspergillus flavus ) .Keywords: Triazole complexes; Schiff base-triazole; Biological activity.
Studying the Status of Biological and Physico-Chemical Indicators of Swimming Pools of the City Kermanshah (Iran) in 2016 Mojtaba Afsharnia
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 09 Issue 02
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Swimming pools are the most attractive and popular of sports centers. Swimming has constructive effects on human physical and mental health care and lack of proper sanitation and disinfection Regulations of water in swimming pools is led to health problems and infectious disease transmission among swimmers. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the results of swimming pools in Kermanshah with the national standards. This study was descriptive-sectional and carried out in 2016 in 24 active pools in Kermanshah city by collecting statistics. In the survey in addition of the characterization of Public Pools Through interviews, heterotrophic bacteria, fecal coliforms, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and physicochemical parameters such as residual chlorine, turbidity were assessed in the sampling sites and were recorded in the relevant forms. All calculations were performed with SPSS software (version 16) and statistical significance was considered 0.05. The results showed that from 99 samples in 15.2% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa has exceeded the standard level. In addition, 17.2% Staphylococcus aureus, 15.2% and the amount of fecal coliform, 17.2% bacteria heterotroph and 17.2% of residual chlorine levels were out of the standard limit. According on the results, residua chlorine, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, fecal coliform, heterotroph bacteria indicators had the minimum compliance with standard levels which indicates the need for continuous monitoring of physical, chemical and biological indicators of water as well as filtration and disinfection of water. It also recommended alternative antibiotics.Keywords: biological, physical, chemical, swimming pool, Kermanshah, Iran
New Indazole Compounds Derived from Ethyl-4-Hydroxy-4'-Substituted-Cyclohexen- 6- One- Carboxylate: Synthesis and Biological Activity Jumbad H. Tomma
Journal of Global Pharma Technology .
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The work involves synthesis of new compounds: Schiff bases [VIII] a-c, pyrazoles[V]a-c, starting with chalcones [I]a-c. 4- Hydroxyacetophenone was reacted with benzaldehyde , anysaldehyde and  tolyaldehyde  in basic medium to give three chalcones[I]a-c compounds by Claisen-Schemidt reaction, the chalcones[I]a-c were reacted with ethylacetoacetate in basic medium to get new compounds[II]a-c, which were reacted with ethylchloroacetate in basic medium to obtained ester compounds  [III]a-c.  The condensation of esters[III]a-c with hydrazine hydrate led to produce accurse pounding  acid hydrazides [IV]a-c , the reaction of acid hydrazides [IV]a-c with ethyl aceto acetate led to formation  pyrazoles[V]a-c , which were reacted with acetyl chloride in basic medium  to get compounds [VI]a-c the later compound  reacted  with phenyl hydrazine or 2,4 di nitrophenyl hydrazine to led compounds [VII] a-f .  On the other hand, acid hydrazides [IV] a-c reacted with 4- substituted benzaldehyde to form Schiff bases [VIII] a-I. The synthesized compounds were characterized by FTIR, 1HNMR and Mass spectroscopy (of some of them).Keywords: Chalcones, Acid hydrazide, Pyrazole, Indazoles, Schiff bases.
Antimicrobial Effect of Blue Light Cure and Antibiotics Combination on Serratia Merasences Isolated from Apical Root Canal Hadeel Mizher Younis
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 11 Issue 07
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Objectives: To evaluate the phototoxic influence on the serratia merasences potentially by the antimicrobial effect of blue light cure and antibiotics combination. Methods: The growth of serratia merasences samples has been found after being exposed to blue light cure with and without the existence of antibiotics (metronidazole, doxycycline) on the brain heart infusion broth for (15, 20, 35, 60, and 70 sec) and then cultured on mitis media to determine its effect. Results: The present study manifested that the bacterial growth was reduced after the exposure to blue light for (60 and 70 sec) in the absence of antibiotics. While, the combination of blue light laser for (35 sec) with the concentration of antibiotics doxycycline and metronidazole (64 Mg/ml, 128 Mg/ml), respectively has yielded 95% growth inhibition. The result revealed the direct antimicrobial influence of light cure and antibiotics metronidazole, doxycycline) combination on the serratia merrasences isolations. Conclusions: The influence of an antibacterial synergistic between antibiotics and blue light used has been noticed. The blue light cure in combination with antibiotics (metronidazole, doxycycline) applied to the tooth infection could be a substitution to observe as an extra minimum treatment of antibacterial.Keyword: Blue light cure, Antibiotics, Microorganisms.   
Development and Validation of Simultaneous Analysis of Amlodipine Besylate and Valsartan in Spiked Human Plasma Using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry Shania Rizki Ivany; Eme Stepani Sitepu; Reynatha Pangsibidang; Yahdiana Harahap
Journal of Global Pharma Technology Volume 14 Issue 05 (2022) May 2022
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Amlodipinebesylate, a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, and valsartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, are antihypertensive agents. Fixed dose combination of amlodipine and valsartan can reduce blood pressure (BP) effectively than amlodipine or valsartan monotherapy. Amlodipine and valsartan have low concentration in blood, so a highly selective and sensitive method is required. This research is aimed to obtain an optimum and validated method for determiningamlodipinebesylate and valsartan in plasma using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Mass detection was performed by Waters Xevo TQD with Electrospray Ionization source at positive ion mode in the Multiple Reaction Monitoring. Amlodipine besylate, valsartan, and irbesartan were detected at m/z409.16 > 238.06; 436.22 > 291.15; and 429.22 > 207.1; respectively. The optimum analysis condition was obtained using Waters AcquityTM UPLC C18 1.7 µm (2.1 x 100 mm); the column temperature was45oC; eluted undera gradient of mobile phase of 0.1% formic acid in water and acetonitrile at a flow rate 0.2 mL/min within 6 minutes; and irbesartan as an internal standard. Sample preparation was carried out by liquid-liquid extraction with ammonium acetate and ethyl acetate; mixed with vortex for 2 minutes; centrifugated at 2043 G-force for 10 minutes; evaporated with nitrogen gas at 50oC for 10 minutes; and reconstituted with 100 µL of mobile phase. This method fulfilled the acceptance criteria of validation based on Bioanalytical Method Validation Guidance by Food and Drug Administration in 2018. This method was linear at 0.20 – 10.00 ng/mL with r ≥ 0.997357 for amlodipine and 5.00 – 6000.00 ng/mL r ≥ 0.998476 for valsartan.

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