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Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy
Published by Institut Agama Islam Negeri Lhokseumawe
ISSN : -     EISSN : 29630290     DOI : https://doi.org/10.47766/astroislamica
Core Subject : Religion, Science,
Religion Astronomy
Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy is a journal that studies Islamic astronomy and Islamic laws related to astronomy. Astroislamica focuses on Islamic astronomy topics such as Qibla direction, prayer times, calendars, and eclipses through multiple perspectives, including Islamic law, mathematics, sociology, anthropology, politics, astrophotography, climatology, geophysics, and philology. E-ISSN 2963-0290 (Online - Elektronik)
Arjuna Subject : Fisika dan Astronomi - Astronomi dan Astrofisika
Articles 95 Documents
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Correlation Between Hilal Age and Altitude at the Beginning of the Lunar Month (A Critique of the Calculation System in Fath ar-Rauf al-Mannan) Rahma; M. Ihtirozun Ni'am
Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Desember)
Publisher : Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v3i2.3369

Abstract

The hilal altitude formulation in the book Fath ar-Rauf al-Mannan is 0.5 of its age value. However, in the practice of modern theory, the calculation of hilal altitude is not that simple but uses a complex formulation of spherical trigonometry. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research related to the correlation of hilal age and altitude at the beginning of the lunar month to determine the relationship between the two variables as a criticism of the Fath ar-Rauf al-Mannan hilal altitude formulation. The approach used is quantitative with the type of library research. This research uses data on the new moon at the beginning of the lunar month in 1444 H for twelve months (coordinates 6°59'30" N and 110°20'53" E). The hilal age (x variable) and altitude (y variable) were analyzed using simple regression resulting in a correlation equation y = 0.444103449 x – 0.34109308. The result shows that the hilal altitude formulation in the book Fath ar-Rauf al-Mannan is not representative enough, so it has the potential to cause errors in predicting the hilal position. 
Analisis Tingkat Kecerahan Langit Malam Terhadap Visibilitas Hilal Menggunakan Sky Quality Meter di Observatorium Malikussaleh IAIN Lhokseumawe Devina Kharida Alhan; Ruslandi Ruslandi; Ismail Ismail
Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Juni)
Publisher : Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v4i1.3374

Abstract

In the dark of the night, the sky offers wonders like the crescent moon (hilal), which marks the beginning of the Islamic month. The hilal is often observed at the Malikussaleh Observatory, IAIN Lhokseumawe. This study uses a Sky Quality Meter (SQM) to measure the night sky brightness and how it affects hilal visibility. This field research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Primary data is obtained from direct observations using the SQM before and after sunset, while secondary data comes from relevant literature. The study finds that the night sky brightness at the observatory is Class 5 on the Bortle Scale, with an average of 19.80 MPSAS, categorized as Suburban Sky. The average brightness during hilal observation is -3.03397 v mag, while the hilal magnitude is -7.36 v mag. Therefore, the hilal can be observed if its magnitude is lower than the night sky brightness.
Konsep Bumi Datar: Analisis Historis, Media Sosial, dan Bukti Ilmiah Fatimah Nur Aliyah
Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Juni)
Publisher : Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v4i1.3428

Abstract

This study examines the phenomenon of flat Earth belief persisting in modern society, despite widespread scientific evidence that the Earth is round. The aim of the study was to understand why this theory persists using a multidisciplinary approach that includes historical reading, social media analysis, and scientific evidence. Historical reading helps identify the context and roots of this belief, and how it has evolved over time. Social media analysis reveals the important role of filter bubbles and echo chambers in the spread and amplification of flat Earth theory, where algorithms and the digital environment limit exposure to information that supports a particular view. Scientific evidence provides a strong empirical basis for rejecting flat Earth theory, but challenges remain in conveying scientific evidence in a way that is understandable and accepted by the wider public. The study findings suggest that flat Earth belief is influenced by complex social and psychological factors as well as the impact of social media in amplifying this belief. This study underscores the need for more effective approaches to improving science literacy and addressing the spread of misinformation in the digital age. Strategies that involve collaboration between disciplines are needed to address these challenges and improve public understanding of science
Kajian Penentuan Arah Kiblat Dengan Sensor Magnetik Kompas Android Yusuf Nurqolbi DY; Ulil Albab Al aulia Alpaten; Kurniawan Kurniawan
Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Desember)
Publisher : Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v3i2.3429

Abstract

The reliability of compass sensors in accurately determining the Qibla direction remains a matter of skepticism. This uncertainty arises mainly from the fact that compass sensors are highly susceptible to interference from the surrounding magnetic field. As a result, the north indicated by these sensors does not correspond to true geographical north; rather it reflects the orientation of the earth's magnetic field. To explore this issue further, a field research methodology was employed, utilizing qualitative data analysis to assess the findings. Based on the measurement results, there was an average difference of 2° 38' 23.53”. Internally, the function of the compass sensor is closely related to the capabilities of the GPS system and the effectiveness of the supporting sensors that work with it. These internal components must function accurately and cohesively to provide precise direction readings. On the other hand, external factors also play an important role in the performance of the compass sensor. According to the majority of scholars, this obligation involves orienting oneself within a certain range of the actual Qibla location. This range is usually defined as being within 45° degrees to the right or left of the actual direction of the Kaaba. If one's orientation exceeds this 45° degree deviation, it is generally considered that one is no longer facing the Qibla correctly.
Respon Masyarakat Terhadap Metode Pengukuran Arah Kiblat Menggunakan Keyakinan (Studi Kasus Desa Wora Kec. Wera Kab. Bima) Kurniawan Kurniawan
Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Juni)
Publisher : Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v4i1.3440

Abstract

This research is based on the community's habit of measuring the direction of the Qibla every year during Eid al-Fitr prayers in the field. Every year the village community will invite village elders to carry out measurements. With the development of the times and falak instruments, they are now easily accessible everywhere, but people still use them. the habit is the traditional method. So this research aims to determine the methods and procedures for measuring the Qibla direction carried out by Wora Village elders as well as the community's response to the method of measuring the Qibla direction being measured. This research is qualitative research with the type of field research. Meanwhile, the approach that the author uses in this research is a sociological research approach. The results of this research are first: measuring the direction of the Qibla by Wora Village elders using the belief method has a difference in Qibla direction of 13˚ 26' 32.17”. Second: The community's response to the Qibla direction measured by the village elders is. First: they tend to accept measurement methods based on long-standing habits (tradition). Second: People don't know anything about the method of measuring the Qibla direction.
Method For Determining the Qiblat Direction of The Mosque: Analysis of Determining the Qibla Direction of the Al-Islahiyah Mosque, Gampong Lambhuk, Ulee Kareng District, Banda Aceh City Aindana Zulfa; Riza Afrian Mustaqim
Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Desember)
Publisher : Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v3i2.3442

Abstract

Some village officials want to adjust the direction of the Qibla, but some Gampong residents oppose the plan because residents believe that the direction of the Qibla has been determined by previous generations of scholars. This study will investigate the approach used when the determination of the direction of the Qibla was first carried out, as well as the approach used after the revision in 2017. Qualitative field research (field research) and library research (library research) used descriptive, analytical, and verification approaches. After that, the method of determining the direction of the Qibla of the Al-Ishlahiyah Mosque was described and analyzed. Furthermore, the results of the re-measurement of the current direction of the Qibla were verified using the Compass and Rasdul Qibla/Istiwa A’zam. The results show that first, the direction of the Qibla was determined at the Al-Ishlahiyah Mosque using two methods: Rasdul Qibla/Istiwa A’zam on May 28, 2015 and the Compass tool in 2017. In 1966, the direction of the Qibla was determined with a tool perpendicular to the shadow of the sun's rays before it became a Mosque and was still a Meunasah Gampong. Second, the analysis of the current Qibla direction determination method is appropriate, by following the Compass of the Baiturrahman Grand Mosque in Banda Aceh at point 292o and Rasdul Qiblat/Istiwa A'zam on May 27, 2022 at 16:18 WIB and July 16, 2022 at 16:30 WIB. The calibration results show a slight slope of 11o.
Problematika Astronomical Twilight dalam Penentuan Awal Waktu Subuh di Indonesia Magevira Magevira
Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Juni)
Publisher : Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v4i1.3468

Abstract

Fajar Sadik plays a crucial role in determining the time for time-bound Islamic worship, specifically the Subuh (dawn) prayer and fasting. It is closely linked with the beginning of Subuh time. However, determining the exact start of Subuh remains controversial among scholars and experts, particularly regarding the Sun's angle below the horizon used as a reference point. The Indonesian Ministry of Religious Affairs has set this angle at -20°, but some studies suggest that Fajar Sadik may not appear at this angle, prompting ongoing debate and alternative proposals. This study aims to contribute to the academic discourse on determining Subuh time and seeks to bridge differences in existing criteria across Indonesia. Using an interpretive qualitative approach, the research falls under library research, relying on both printed and digital sources, as well as interviews with relevant scholars and practitioners. The findings indicate that the core issue lies in the lack of standardized methods and benchmarks for observing dawn (Astronomical Twilight). There are multiple reasons for the variation in Subuh time criteria in Indonesia. These include differing interpretations of the dawn’s color, varying geographical locations used for observation, and inconsistent usage and orientation of observational instruments. These three factors significantly influence the results of dawn observations and thus must be harmonized to minimize discrepancies. Establishing uniform standards for dawn detection is essential to achieving consensus and ensuring accurate worship timing across the country. This study underscores the importance of collaborative efforts in setting precise and agreed-upon criteria for Subuh.
The Problem of Non-Muslims Witnessing the Hilal: Perspectives of Fiqh, Religious Court Judges, and Thomas Djamaluddin Zulfian Wanandi; Nur Afdal Purnama Putra; Ulil Albab Al-Pateni; Yusuf Nur Qalbi; Kurniawan Kurniawan; Haikal Rivaldi
Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Juni)
Publisher : Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v4i1.3469

Abstract

The position of non-Muslim testimony in the rukyat hilal has long been a discursion in astronomy, a very popular problem is what if the witness is indeed an expert in the field of astronomy and observation of celestial bodies. Therefore, this study aims to study the strength of the testimony of a non-Muslim witness in observing the hilal at the beginning of the hijri month by using the views of several figures, to achieve this goal the author in his research uses a qualitative research method with an analysis of several literature sources and also interview sources from related figures, the conclusion of this paper is the position of non-Muslim witnesses in the testimony of the hilal at the beginning of the month Hijri is acceptable but his position as a witness to the case and not a legal witness, another view says that his position is the same as the position of the camera in recording the image of the hilal.
Implementation of Cattle Grazing Positions for Determining Cardinal Directions and the Qibla Direction Ardana Ash Siddiqi; Friska Linia Sari
Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Juni)
Publisher : Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v4i1.3470

Abstract

Cows grazing facing north or south is a unique fact that not everyone knows. Therefore, this needs to be studied as an addition to the scientific treasures of science, especially in the field of falak science, this can be related to one of the fields in falak science, namely Qibla direction. This research aims to reveal the truth that the cow's body faces North South so that later it can be used to determine the Qibla direction. The results showed that the method of determining the Qibla direction with the position of grazing cows is done by observation repeatedly in order to produce accurate results. After doing the research, it is true that the position of the cow when grazing exposes its body to the North or South so that this method can be used to determine the Qibla direction. However, there are still many shortcomings when using this method so there is still a need for in-depth research on cows. There is another unique thing, it turns out that it is not only cows that do the behavior of directing their bodies to North and South when grazing, there are other animals such as buffaloes, sheep, deer.
Rekontruksi Kriteria Visibilitas Hilal Serta Dampak Implementasi Kriteria Imkanurukyah MABIMS Baru Dalam Kemaslahatan Ridhokimura Soderi; Darlius Darlius; Riza Afrian Mustaqim
Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Desember)
Publisher : Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v3i2.3642

Abstract

The aim of this research is to look at several existing hilal visibility criteria and see the extent of the impact that occurred after the implementation of the new MABIMS imakunurukyah criteria. In this research the author uses qualitative research with library data sources (library research) using qualitative descriptive analysis techniques where in this research the author describes in detail the existing criteria for visibility of the new moon and explains the impact of implementing the new MABIMS criteria from the perspective of ushul fiqh rules. The results of this research have the impact of applying the new MABIMS criteria to provide wider benefits in that at least we as Indonesian Muslims are moving forward in thinking about abandoning the old criteria which are no longer in accordance with the development of the world of astronomical science. Even with the implementation of the new MABIMS criteria, there are still differences in starting and ending the month of Qomariyah between Islamic organizations and the government. Differences will still be unavoidable if there is no agreement on the criteria used in determining the start of the Qomariyah month.

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