Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy
Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy is a journal that studies Islamic astronomy and Islamic laws related to astronomy. Astroislamica focuses on Islamic astronomy topics such as Qibla direction, prayer times, calendars, and eclipses through multiple perspectives, including Islamic law, mathematics, sociology, anthropology, politics, astrophotography, climatology, geophysics, and philology. E-ISSN 2963-0290 (Online - Elektronik)
Articles
95 Documents
<![CDATA[Bridging Law and Astronomy: The Influence of Astronomy on Islamic Law ]]>
<![CDATA[Anwar Anwar]]>;
<![CDATA[Bukhari Bukhari]]>;
<![CDATA[Andi Mardika]]>
<![CDATA[ Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Desember) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty ]]>
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DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v3i2.3646
<![CDATA[This paper explores the deep relationship between Islamic astronomy ( Ilm al-Falak ) and Islamic law, highlighting its influence on the determination of prayer times, the Qibla direction, and its role in Islamic legal decision-making. This study employs a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach. It draws upon both classical and modern literature, as well as documented expertise from scholars of Islamic astronomy and Islamic law, to provide a comprehensive understanding. The results show that Islamic astronomy has enriched and enhanced the practice of Islamic law, particularly in accurately determining prayer times and the Qibla direction. However, challenges remain in harmonizing Islamic astronomy with Islamic law, necessitating ongoing dialogue between religious scholars and astronomers.]]>
<![CDATA[Etnoastronomi Perbintangan Masyarakat Lombok ]]>
<![CDATA[Muhammad Awaludin]]>
<![CDATA[ Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Desember) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty ]]>
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DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v3i2.3862
<![CDATA[This research discusses about the ethnoastronomy of the Sasak community on Lombok Island, which analyses knowledge about stars and the movement of celestial bodies in the context of local culture. The Sasak people use certain stars such as Rowot (Pleiades) and Tenggale (Orion) as markers of time and seasons, as well as in the performance of traditional and religious rituals. This study is important to document orally transmitted traditional astronomical knowledge, which contributes to daily life, particularly in agriculture and navigation. This research uses the literature method with a descriptive qualitative approach to reveal the relationship of astronomy to the culture of the Sasak community. The results of the study show that the Sasak people have their own names and functions for the stars in the night sky such as Rowot (Pleiades), Tenggale (Orion), Bintang Basong (Sirius), Bintang Pai (Crux), Bintang Jaran (Pegasus), and Bintang Sok (Scorpion). Among these constellations, two groups of clusters that have an important role in determining time in Lombok community are the Rowot (Pleiades) and Tenggale (Orion) constellations.]]>
<![CDATA[Implementation of L-Qibla for Qibla Direction Indicators in Graves ]]>
<![CDATA[Nurul Izza]]>;
<![CDATA[Sartika Sartika]]>
<![CDATA[ Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Juni) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty ]]>
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DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v4i1.3938
<![CDATA[The issue of determining the Qibla direction in Indonesia is a problem in worship that is rarely considered by Muslims, as they typically follow the established direction without rechecking its accuracy. This is especially true for the Qibla direction of graves, which is seldom addressed by academic experts in astronomy or the general public. However, the majority of scholars agree that aligning the deceased towards the Qibla is mandatory. Many people, however, overlook this issue. This neglect is due to the general lack of knowledge about how to accurately determine the Qibla direction, especially for graves. Therefore, there is a need for tools that can be easily understood by the general public. L-Qibla could serve as an alternative for the public to determine the Qibla direction for graves. This research is qualitative, using data collection techniques such as observation, interviews, and comparison. Data was obtained from measuring graves using several criteria and then tested for accuracy with the Istiwa'aini method. The findings are: 1) Many graves have their Qibla direction deviating by up to 40°. 2) The accuracy test of L-Qibla compared to Istiwa'aini showed a small difference, with an average deviation of 0° 46' 48", which is still within an acceptable range of Qibla direction deviation.]]>
<![CDATA[A Comparative Analysis of Qibla Direction Accuracy Using a Theodolite, Mizwala, and Right-Angle Triangle at As-Sakinah Mosque, Surabaya ]]>
<![CDATA[Safna Farah Dila]]>
<![CDATA[ Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Desember) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty ]]>
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DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v4i2.4796
<![CDATA[The Qibla direction is a fundamental aspect of Muslim prayer, requiring precise determination. This study evaluates the accuracy of the Qibla direction at the As-Sakinah Mosque in Surabaya by comparing three instruments: a Theodolite, a Mizwala, and a Right Triangle (Segitiga Siku-siku). Employing field experimental methods, the measurement data were analyzed using a comparative descriptive approach. The findings reveal significant variations in accuracy among the instruments: the Theodolite and Mizwala detected deviations of 5° 56' 48.71" and 5° 35' 4.21" respectively, whereas the Right Triangle method showed a substantial deviation of 25°. It is concluded that the mosque's current orientation deviates by approximately 5 degrees to the North, highlighting that digital optical instruments offer superior accuracy compared to simple manual methods in urban environments.]]>
<![CDATA[Perbedaan Paradigma Kosmologi Antara Stephen Hawking dan Al-farabi ]]>
<![CDATA[Fitri Lindayunita]]>
<![CDATA[ Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Juni) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty ]]>
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DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v4i1.4820
<![CDATA[Cosmology, as a branch of science that studies the origin and structure of the universe has been a topic of debate throughout history. This article analyzes the differences in cosmological paradigms between Stephen Hawking a modern scientist who uses a theoretical physics approach, and Al-farabi a 9th century muslim philosopher who uses a metaphysical and theological approach in his understanding of cosmology. Hawking explains cosmological phenomena through several concepts such as singularity, multiverse, and black hole without involving theological aspects, while Al-farabi uses the concept of emanation where there is God’s involvement as the creator. This research uses a literature study to compare the two approaches and their impact on people’s understanding of the universe. The analysis shows that their thoughts open up opportunities for dialogue between modern science and religion, and provide a more logical perspective in understanding the relationship between science and spirituality.]]>
<![CDATA[Assessment of Qibla Direction Accuracy at Tanwir Mosque, Surabaya,Using Theodolite Measurements ]]>
<![CDATA[Alfira Rahma Fauziah]]>
<![CDATA[ Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Desember) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty ]]>
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DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v4i2.5163
<![CDATA[Every Muslim is obliged to perform the five daily prayers, the validity of whichis contingent upon the fulfillment of several essential conditions, one of which is observing the prescribed prayer times. In addition, the orientation toward the Qibla constitutes a fundamental requirement that must be determined accurately based on geographical location. Regions situated to the east of the Kaaba are required to face westward in determining the Qibla direction, and conversely, regions located to the west must face eastward. This study aims to examine the accuracy of the Qibla direction at the Tanwir Mosque in Surabaya using a theodolite. The research employed a field-based observational method to obtain precise empirical data. The theodolite, as a modern surveying instrument, is widely recognized for its high level of precision in angular measurements. The findings indicate that minor discrepancies exist among measurements obtained using different instruments; however, these differences remain within acceptable tolerance limits. Compared to other measurement tools, the theodolite demonstrates the highest degree of accuracy. This research is significant in ensuring the correctness of the Qibla direction and in enhancing public awareness regarding the importance of precision in the performance of religious worship.]]>
<![CDATA[Dinamika Penentuan Awal Bulan Kamariah Nahdatul Ulama: sebelum dan sesudah adanya formulasi kriteria imkan rukyat ]]>
<![CDATA[Afifah Mulya Alamsyah]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Ihtirozun Ni’am]]>
<![CDATA[ Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Juni) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty ]]>
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DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v4i1.5241
<![CDATA[Nahdatul Ulama is a large Islamic organisation in Indonesia that has many people and is engaged in religious sosial affairs. In NU, there is a special Lajnah that deals with phalactic issues, namely Lajnah Falakiyyah Nahdatul Ulama. However, the determination made by NU initially only used Rukyat which of course invited discourse on determining the beginning of the month using rukyat and imkanrukyat. This research has a formulation of how Nahdatul Ulama before and after the existence of imkanrukyat and aims to find out how NU addresses the determination of the beginning of the Kamariah month, especially before and after the existence of Imkan ar Rukyat in Indonesia and how the paradigma of determining the beginning of the Kamariah month which was originally only three months in a hijri year, then changed to every month in a hijri year. This type of research is library research. And it is concluded that Nahdatul Ulama as an Islamic organisation is an organisation that is very open to change as long as it does not violate the Islamic Aqidah, and in LFNU itself there is a dynamic paradigma. Of course the changes in the determination of the beginning of the month changed, when before the imkanrukyat LFNU was only based on rukyat alone, and rukyat was carried out only in three major months, then after the Imkan appeared, rukyat was carried out in six major months, and then became every beginning of the Hijri month.]]>
<![CDATA[Akurasi Data Koordinat Atlas Der Gehele Aarde Dalam Penentuan Arah Kiblat: Studi Kasus BHRD Kabupaten Tegal ]]>
<![CDATA[Naelul Marom]]>;
<![CDATA[Ahmad Izzuddin]]>
<![CDATA[ Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Desember) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty ]]>
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DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v4i2.5946
<![CDATA[The determination of the Qibla direction in Indonesia ideally utilizes precise local coordinate data. However, the Board of Hisab and Rukyat (BHRD) of Tegal Regency employs a unique method by using coordinate data derived from the "Atlas Der Gehele Aarde," a Dutch colonial-era atlas, combined with a "Two Compass Method." This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of Qibla measurements resulting from this method and to analyze it from the perspectives of Falak science (astronomy) and Islamic law (Fiqh). This research is a field study using a qualitative approach. Data were collected through interviews with BHRD officials and direct verification measurements at five sample mosques using a Theodolite and Google Earth data. The results indicate a discrepancy between the BHRD calculations and modern astronomical measurements. The use of single-city coordinates from the Atlas and the neglect of magnetic declination in the compass method resulted in a Qibla deviation ranging from 1° to 2° 35'. Astronomically, this deviation is considered inaccurate as it exceeds the tolerance limit of 0° 42'. However, from the perspective of Islamic Law, particularly the Shafi'i school, these measurements remain legally valid (sah) under the concept of 'jihat al-ka'bah' (general direction) based on 'dzan' (strong assumption) for regions far from Mecca.]]>
<![CDATA[A Comparative Study of Lunar Eclipse Calculation Astronomical Algorithm Jean Meeus and Textbook On Spherical Astronomy W.M Smart ]]>
<![CDATA[Nur Fajriani Zar'ah]]>;
<![CDATA[Lalu Adam Prayogi]]>
<![CDATA[ Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Desember) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty ]]>
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DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v4i2.5957
<![CDATA[This research presents a comparative analysis of the lunar eclipse calculation method proposed by Jean Meeus in his textbook Astronomical Algorithms and the classical method described by W.M. Smart in his textbook Textbook on Spherical Astronomy. Lunar eclipses are celestial phenomena that can be accurately predicted using certain astronomical techniques. This research aims to evaluate the differences between modern and classical approaches in the calculation process. This research employs empirical data collection and comparison of calculation results on several lunar eclipses to evaluate the accuracy of both methods in predicting the time, duration, and phase of the eclipse. The findings are then compared with the results from NASA. This research is of the library research variety. The sources and types of data employed in this study include astronomical algorithm books and textbooks on spherical astronomy, as well as journal articles that align with the research theme. The data analysis employed by the researchers is a content analysis of the two books, then described with descriptive and comparative techniques. The principal findings of this study indicate that the two books exhibit discrepancies ranging from 3'50' to 19'18'. In comparison, the divergence with NASA results is 0'5.2', 0'10', 3'44.8', and 19'48' more rapid.]]>
<![CDATA[Eksistensi Ilmu Falak dari Masa Nabi Syits hingga Masa Nabi Idris ]]>
<![CDATA[Mutiara Tembang Langit]]>;
<![CDATA[Ahmad Izzuddin]]>
<![CDATA[ Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Desember) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty ]]>
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DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v4i2.5974
<![CDATA[This paper attempts to examine the historical development of astronomy, focusing on the lineage from Prophet Seth to Prophet Idris. Prophet Idris, as a descendant of Prophet Adam, plays a central role in the development of astronomical science. He is considered one of the pioneers in this field, with significant contributions in formulating and recording various astronomical knowledge. This paper aims to uncover the origins, evolution, and significant contributions of the prophets in the development of astronomy since the time of Prophet Adam. This paper relies on qualitative data collected through library research, using descriptive historical analysis of various sources, including religious texts and related literature. With this research framework, it was found that astronomy has been an integral part of human civilization since the time of Prophet Adam. This research also highlights the development of astronomy. The lineage of Prophet Adam serves as a framework for understanding how scientific knowledge, including astronomy, has developed in the context of agriculture, calculation, and prediction.]]>
