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INDONESIA
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
ISSN : 27753735     EISSN : 27753727     DOI : 10.36418
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies is a double blind peer-reviewed academic journal and open access to multidiciplinary fields. The journal is published monthly by Green Publisher Indonesia. Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies provides a means for sustained discussion of relevant issues that fall within the focus and scopes of the journal which can be examined empirically. This journal publishes research articles multidisciplinary sciences, which includes: Humanities and social sciences, contemporary political science, Educational sciences, religious sciences and philosophy, economics, Engineering sciences, Health sciences, medical sciences, design arts sciences and media. Published articles are from critical and comprehensive research, studies or scientific studies on important and current issues or reviews of scientific books.
Articles 3,206 Documents
The Effects of Economic Growth, The Minimum Wage, and the Unemployment Rate on the Number of People Living in Poverty in East Java, 2020–2024 Anggraeni Rahmasari; Fatihul Khoir; Indah Noviandari; Adisty Amanda Putri
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 6 No. 7 (2026): Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v6i7.53402

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the partial and simultaneous effects of economic growth, minimum wages, and unemployment rates on the number of people living in poverty in East Java Province from 2020 to 2024, as well as to identify the dominant variables influencing poverty levels. This research employed a quantitative approach using secondary data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency of East Java Province. The data consisted of information related to the number of people living in poverty, economic growth, minimum wages, and unemployment rates during the 2020–2024 period. The results of the partial testing (t-test) showed that the economic growth variable, measured by Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), did not have a significant effect on the number of people living in poverty in East Java Province during the study period, with a significance value of 0.508, which was greater than the 0.05 significance level. In contrast, the minimum wage variable (Upah Minimum Provinsi or UMP) and the open unemployment rate variable (Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka or TPT) had significant effects on poverty levels, with significance values of 0.017 and 0.007, respectively, which were below the 0.05 threshold. Meanwhile, the results of the simultaneous testing (F-test) indicated that economic growth (GRDP), minimum wages (UMP), and open unemployment rates (TPT) collectively had a significant effect on the number of people living in poverty in East Java Province during the 2020–2024 period, with a significance value of 0.029, which was lower than 0.05.
The Impact of Decentralization on Public Service Provision Carolina da Cruz; Marito Magno; Felicidade Xavier
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 6 No. 7 (2026): Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v6i7.53406

Abstract

This study aimed to determine and explain the impact of decentralization on improving the quality of public services, particularly in terms of accessibility, responsiveness, and transparency. It also aimed to compare the impact of decentralization in Timor-Leste with that of other countries implementing decentralization in public service provision. This research employed a normative juridical approach. Data were collected through a literature review involving primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and relevant non-legal materials. The data were analyzed using descriptive-analytical legal research methods. The findings indicate that decentralization in Timor-Leste, by granting greater authority to local governments, has the potential to improve public service quality in several aspects, including accessibility, responsiveness, and transparency. By understanding local needs more effectively, local governments are expected to deliver more appropriate and efficient services. However, the success of decentralization in improving public services is also influenced by various factors, including resource availability, institutional capacity, the competence of public officials, and the effectiveness of oversight mechanisms. A comparison between Timor-Leste and Vietnam shows that, although both countries have implemented decentralization in public service provision, their outcomes differ due to distinct political, historical, and institutional contexts. Timor-Leste, with its post-independence state-building experience, faces challenges in implementing decentralization due to limited resources and relatively developing institutional capacity. In contrast, Vietnam has implemented decentralization within the framework of a centralized one-party political system, which influences the implementation of regional autonomy and its implications for public service delivery.
A Comparative Analysis of the Effectiveness of Design Coordination Based on Building Information Modeling (BIM) Using A Value Stream Mapping Approach in Highway Infrastructure Projects Rezeki Fajri; Muhammad Isradi
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 6 No. 7 (2026): Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v6i7.53407

Abstract

Design coordination in toll road projects involves many stakeholders with high information exchange needs, potentially causing process waste such as waiting time, repeated inspections, design revisions, and information delays, which reduces coordination effectiveness and impacts design completion duration. The application of Building Information Modeling (BIM) through the Common Data Environment (CDE) is expected to enhance information integration and collaboration among stakeholders, thereby increasing design coordination effectiveness. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the application of BIM-CDE in the design coordination process in toll road infrastructure projects through waste identification and process performance measurement. The research uses a mixed methods approach with a case study design. Data were obtained through observation, study of project documents, and semi-structured interviews. The analysis was carried out using Value Stream Mapping (VSM) to identify Value Added (VA), Non-Value Added (NVA), and supporting activities, then evaluated using waiting time, lead time, and Process Cycle Efficiency (PCE) indicators. The results of the study identified four types of waste, namely waiting, transportation, defect, and overprocessing. The implementation of BIM-CDE was able to reduce the waiting time from 72 days to 25 days (65.28%), while the total lead time was reduced from 255 days to 134 days (47.45%). In addition, the PCE value increased from 27.45% to 31.34% indicating an improvement in process efficiency. This study was limited to one project case study so generalizations of results are still limited. Further research is suggested to test the application of BIM–CDE on different projects.
Transforming Inventory Management at RS Siloam Jantung Diagram: A Lean Driven Approach to Reducing DOI and Strengthening Patient Safety Mariska Ajeng Andaka; Gatot Yudoko; Muhammad Hanafi
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 6 No. 7 (2026): Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v6i7.53408

Abstract

This research examined inventory management challenges at RS Siloam Jantung Diagram and proposed improvement initiatives to enhance operational efficiency while maintaining patient safety. As a specialized cardiovascular hospital, the availability of medical supplies is critical to ensuring uninterrupted patient care and supporting clinical outcomes. The hospital experienced persistent inventory inefficiencies, reflected in Days of Inventory (DOI) levels that consistently exceeded the organizational target of 23 days and reached a peak of 55 days. These conditions resulted in excess inventory, expired consumables, emergency procurement, redundant activities, and delayed operational decision-making, thereby increasing operational costs while posing risks to service reliability and patient safety. A mixed-method approach was employed, combining quantitative analysis of inventory performance data with qualitative insights obtained through focus group discussions, direct observations, and a 5S assessment across key operational units. The Current Reality Tree analysis identified relationships among operational issues and revealed four primary root causes: the absence of an integrated inventory management system, lack of clear ownership, unclear roles and accountability, and reliance on manual processes. These factors reduced inventory visibility, weakened cross-functional coordination, and limited timely decision-making. Based on these findings, the study proposed improvements in governance, process standardization, forecasting practices, role clarification through RACI alignment, real-time monitoring, and preparation for Warehouse Management System and hospital information system integration. The research demonstrated that addressing systemic causes rather than isolated symptoms could improve inventory performance while strengthening patient safety. The proposed framework provides a practical reference for healthcare organizations seeking sustainable inventory management practices and operational excellence.
Characterization of the Performance of the Enerflow Cyclone Burn Grate (ECBG) for the Treatment of Hazardous Waste at an Isolated Diesel Power Plant Yunita Fahmi; Rizkianti Marselina; Matthew Savio Kurniawan
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 6 No. 7 (2026): Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v6i7.53409

Abstract

As the world’s largest archipelagic nation, Indonesia faces significant challenges in managing hazardous and toxic waste (B3) generated by diesel power plants (PLTD) in isolated areas. The Portable Turbo Burn Incinerator RC80 manufactured by Scholer Industries Australia, which was modified by PT Enerflow Engineering Indonesia into the Enerflow Cyclone Burn Grate (ECBG), also known as the Mini Turbo Incinerator (MTI), incorporates several technical modifications, including a 14-meter chimney, wet scrubber integration, a two-stage combustion chamber, and industrial design rights protection to comply with Indonesian regulatory requirements. This study aims to comprehensively characterize the combustion efficiency and operational performance of ECBG at various feed rates using liquid and solid B3 waste through field testing at the Pongok Island PLTD. Field tests were conducted under three experimental scenarios with varying total waste masses (36.5 kg, 40.0 kg, and 44.0 kg) and combustion durations ranging from 1.0 to 2.0 hours. The evaluated performance parameters included combustion temperature, burn rate, waste destruction efficiency, and emission characteristics. The results demonstrate that ECBG achieved an average waste destruction efficiency of 95.2%, with a maximum volume reduction of 98% under optimal operating conditions. The combustion rate ranged from 18.25 to 44.00 kg/hour, depending on waste composition and operational parameters. The integrated wet scrubber system effectively controlled exhaust gas emissions and complied with BAPEDAL quality standards. This research provides the first comprehensive performance characterization of a locally modified thermal treatment technology with wet scrubber integration and intellectual property protection for B3 waste processing in isolated power plant environments.
The Effect of a Growth Mindset on the Chemistry Learning Process Among 11th-Grade Students in Class XI-P2 at SMAS Bhaktyarsa Maumere in 2024 Jose Glorio Sufa; Edmund Chayono Moa; Petrus Afendi
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 6 No. 8 (2026): Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v6i8.53114

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the tendency of growth mindset and fixed mindset and their relationship with the chemistry learning process in the perspective of educational psychology. The research used a mixed method approach, namely a descriptive quantitative and qualitative approach with a total sampling technique for 34 students of SMAS Bhaktyarsa Maumere. The instrument used was a Likert scale-based mindset questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis was carried out through simple descriptive and correlational statistics. The results showed that 55.9% of students were in the fixed mindset category and 44.1% in the growth mindset category. The validity test showed most of the instrument items were feasible for use in the study, while reliability was in the category of sufficient. The findings indicate a tendency to have a positive relationship between growth mindsets and the quality of the chemistry learning process, especially in the aspects of perseverance, response to difficulties, and learning motivation. However, the strength of the relationship obtained in this study has not fully demonstrated a causally significant influence, so further research with a stronger inferential design is needed.
The Effect of Performance on Reinsurance Decisions of Indonesian General Insurance Companies: An Empirical Review of the Pandemic and Post Pandemic Period Helena Nadine Hapsari; Lukman Hanif Arbi
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 6 No. 8 (2026): Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v6i8.53195

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the effect of ROE on REINS of general insurance companies in Indonesia, comparing the pandemic period (2020–2022) and the post-pandemic period (2023–2024). Using panel data from 50 companies over the 2020–2024 period (250 observations), this study employs three empirical models: Model 1 (2SLS two-way fixed effect with insurance leverage as instrument), Model 2 (OLS one-way fixed effect with contemporaneous ROE), and Model 3 (OLS one-way fixed effect with a one-period lag of ROE). Estimation results show that in Model 1 and Model 2, ROE has no significant effect on REINS. In Model 3, the lag of ROE has a positive coefficient (0.01967) and is significant at the 10% level (p = 0.074), which does not support the underinvestment hypothesis. Financial leverage consistently shows a positive effect, while premium growth consistently shows a negative effect. Comparative period analysis reveals that during the pandemic, the lag of ROE is not significant, whereas in the post-pandemic period, the lag of ROE becomes positive (0.199) and significant (p = 0.009). The Chow test yields a p-value of 0.05758, significant at the 10% level. Model 3 is selected as the main model as it better reflects the real-world decision-making process. This study concludes that the effect of ROE on REINS in Indonesia differs from previous findings, and that the relationship pattern changed after the pandemic. These findings have implications for insurance company management and regulators in formulating reinsurance strategies based on past performance, leverage, and premium growth.
Optimization of Preventive Replacement of Critical Components in the Komatsu PC2000-8 Excavator to Minimize Downtime at PT XYZ Imam Nur Soleh; Mokh Suef
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 6 No. 8 (2026): Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v6i8.53324

Abstract

The availability of primary loading equipment, particularly the Komatsu PC2000-8 excavator, is a key determinant of operational efficiency in open-pit mining. Failures of critical components directly affect downtime, maintenance costs, and key performance indicators, including physical availability (PA), mean time between failures (MTBF), and mean time to repair (MTTR). Current preventive maintenance practices, which largely follow generic original equipment manufacturer (OEM) replacement intervals, often fail to prevent actual breakdowns, highlighting the need to optimize preventive replacement intervals based on cost and downtime minimization. This study aims to determine the optimal preventive replacement intervals for the critical components of the Komatsu PC2000-8 excavator to minimize downtime and maintenance costs while improving equipment availability. The study employed a quantitative comparative optimization approach. Critical components were identified using a Pareto diagram based on failure frequency and cumulative downtime. Reliability analysis was performed by selecting the most appropriate time-between-failures distribution using Relyence Weibull software to estimate the distribution parameters. Reliability, hazard rate, MTBF, and cost analyses comparing preventive and corrective replacement—including spare parts, labor, supporting equipment, and lost production or contractual implications—were subsequently performed. An Age Replacement policy was then optimized to determine replacement intervals that minimized the long-run average cost per unit time while satisfying equipment availability constraints. The results indicated that the optimal preventive replacement intervals based on cost minimization were 11,545 hours for the Boom Cylinder, 16,820 hours for the Turbocharger, 7,366 hours for the Water Pump, 20,026 hours for the Final Drive, and 19,624 hours for the Radiator.
A Differentiation-Based Brand Image Strategy to Increase the Number of Non-BPJS Patients at A Private Hospital in Jember Annisa Camalia Anjani; Bambang Iskandriawan
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 6 No. 8 (2026): Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v6i8.53329

Abstract

Private hospitals in Indonesia face a dual challenge: serving a high proportion of BPJS patients while maintaining organizational sustainability through services for non-BPJS patients. However, negative public perceptions of the BPJS system may affect a hospital's brand image and obscure its differentiation in the minds of consumers. This study formulates a differentiation-based brand image strategy to increase non-BPJS patient utilization at Private Hospital X in Jember—a Type C hospital with approximately 80% of its patients covered by BPJS—using the Double Diamond Design Thinking framework. Employing a qualitative case study approach, data were collected from internal stakeholders through in-depth interviews, digital observation, and document analysis. Thematic analysis identified key themes related to determinants of hospital selection, internal challenges in brand image management, and potential differentiation strategies. Strategic recommendations were developed through market segmentation, the formulation of Points-of-Parity (POP) and Points-of-Difference (POD), a desired brand image framework, and the implementation of the 7Ps Marketing Mix. The findings reveal that non-BPJS patients are predominantly price-sensitive consumers who prioritize value for money, while the hospital's internal challenges include limited human resource competencies and an unstructured branding system. The study concludes that Hospital X possesses strong functional and symbolic advantages, including humanistic service, affordable pricing, and a wide range of non-BPJS services, but requires a more strategic communication approach to strengthen its differentiation. This research contributes an applied strategic framework to support managerial decision-making for the development of non-BPJS services within the field of Strategic Brand Management.
Impact of Net Zero Emission 2060 Initiatives to the Commercial Electric Vehicle Adoption in Indonesia: A System Dynamic Model Approach Abdu Robbi; Yos Sunitiyoso
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 6 No. 8 (2026): Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v6i8.53385

Abstract

Indonesia has committed to achieving Net Zero Emissions (NZE) by 2060, with transport electrification identified as one of the key mitigation strategies. This study investigates the impact of government policies on commercial electric vehicle adoption, particularly electric buses, in Indonesia using a System Dynamics approach. A simulation model was developed in Vensim® PLE 10.3.1 based on Causal Loop Diagrams (CLDs) and Stock-and-Flow Diagrams (SFDs) to evaluate 17 policy scenarios over the 2026–2060 period. The scenarios represent combinations of value-added tax (VAT) incentives, fuel price reforms, and electricity tariff policies under Indonesia’s Enhanced Nationally Determined Contribution (ENDC). The findings indicate that, under business-as-usual conditions, commercial electric bus adoption remains limited, reaching only approximately 8,925 units by 2060. The Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) is identified as the primary determinant of adoption, with fuel prices exerting the strongest influence on market competitiveness. Among the evaluated scenarios, the combination of a 10% VAT incentive and fuel subsidy removal produces the best outcome, enabling the market to reach the projected saturation level of 132,000 electric buses while expanding domestic manufacturing capacity to more than 20,500 units annually. This scenario is also projected to reduce approximately 8,785 Gg CO₂ emissions in 2060, contributing 18–22% of the annual emissions reduction target under Indonesia’s Second Nationally Determined Contribution (SNDC). The results highlight that fuel price reform is the most effective policy instrument, while VAT incentives and affordable electricity tariffs play complementary roles in accelerating commercial electric vehicle adoption.

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