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Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 20876017     EISSN : 25030868     DOI : https://doi.org/10.17510/paradigma
Core Subject : Humanities, Science, Education, Art, Social,
Arts Humanities Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Library & Information Science Social Sciences
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya is a peer-reviewed and open-access journal published by the Faculty of Humanities, University of Indonesia. This journal accepts original articles about various issues in cultural science, which include but is not limited to philosophy, literature, archeology, anthropology, linguistics, history, cultural studies, philology, arts, library, and information science focused on studies and research.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Seni dan Humaniora (Lain-Lain)
Articles 289 Documents
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Existentialism by Soren Aabye Kierke gaard: Indiana in Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade as a Representation of an “Authentic” Human Being Asmiliasari, Chintia
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 2, No. 1
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Abstract

Existentialism of Soren Aabye Kierkegaard is a study focusing on the individual existence as an authentic creature. Existentialism can only be achieved by an individual’s boldness and belief to commit responsibly to a decision he has made. The decision made by each individual should be based on his subjective truth and should not be influenced by the collective truth called the objective truth. The subjective truth will later lead each individual to his way finding an absolute truth, although despair and uncertainty haunt every decision he has made. A totality of believing in making decision and holding the commitment into it will finally bring an individual to the existence of himself as the most authentic creature. Indiana in Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade represents an individual with a quality of Soren Aabye Kierkegaard’s Existentialism concept. It is begun from Indiana’s imprisonment in his objective truth as an archeologist, his despair at making a choice and decision, in which finally turned him into someone who finds an absolute truth based on his subjective truth. At last, his finding has led him into an existence and authentic individual.
What do Students Need to Know? How About the Idea of Progress ? Pickus, David
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 2, No. 1
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Studying Archeology needs an understanding of the idea of progress. The concept of progress was popular in the 1920s, and it was not for Archeology alone, but it became a new intellectual understanding of the world. “The idea of progress is one of the fundamental notions grappled by civilizations with a historical sense“. “Does this change in the use of metals equal development?,” reminds us to the Xuanyuan era where stone was used to make weapon, whereas jade in the time of Huangdi, and bronze in the time of Yu. This shows that Archeology is related to history and some social institutions, besides applying biochemical analysis to an artifact. As an example of a multi disciplinary archeological research was found in the hypothesis of Why the West rules – for now, by Ian Morris, 2010, which states that the Mediterranean region has the most advanced economic achievement compared to the other regions. The conclusion of which was drawn from analysis of shipwrecks in the Mediterranean ocean and the level of lead in the soil. The concept of progress in this case was the implication of a synthesis contributed from the perspective of several disciplines, or consilience. Thus, the artifacts of the past should be interpreted contextually, and so were the present materials. The values of which will have never been lesser or better in the light of progress.
Dinamika “Timur” dan “Barat” dalam Tokoh Boonyi Kaul Noman dalam Shalimar The ClownKarya Salman Rushdie Arumsari, Chysanti
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 2, No. 1
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Abstract

As the concepts of “West” and “East are not only recognized in area studies, they are also known in the study of culture. Both concepts represent a culture, of which they are not always in agreement, but are often opposition, one against another. Shalimar the Clown, a novel by Salman Rushdie presents “West” and “East” using India for its main background. The research analysizes Boonyi Kaul Noman, one of the main characters, who shook the dichotomi of West against East within the paradigms of Orientalism and Occidentalism. The discussion on the construction of East defines the relationship between the locality and role of Boonyi in the family and in the society. At the same time, the construction of “West” covers the analysis of opinion, life and role of the main character. The cultural approach and Edward Said’s theory on Orientalism-Occidentalism (1978) are applied to analize and break the dynamic of the concepts of “East” and “West.”
Analysis of Audience Reception on Youtube towar d Gender Construction in the Music Video If I Were a Boy by Beyonce Knowles Avriyanty, Ria
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 2, No. 1
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Abstract

Youtube is one of the favorite sites to share videos. Moreover,it facilitates the users to give a free and direct comment toward the videos they watch. The research examines the music video entitled If I Were a Boy (2010) by Beyonce Knowles as well as the authentic responses from the viewers in Youtube. I argue that this music video creates a conventional gender construction which perpetuates the patriarchal norms in the society. As an attempt to give a new perspective on the similar kind of research, I do not stop at this point. Applying the concept of encoding-decoding by Stuart Hall (1973), I found the audience’s being critical which can be seen from the total number of the responses and the controversy within. In accordance to the three hypothetical position argued by Hall, I found a different portion of the audience in each position. As a matter of fact, this phenomenon contributes to the cyber culture in which Youtube is seen as a functional space to make meaning of a digital text and negotiate with the constructed stereotype by giving responses.
Aspek Islam dalam Turisme Kolonial di Jawa Sunjayadi, Achmad
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 1, No. 1
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Abstract

Despite some vital and interwoven cultural elements of the colonial Dutch East-Indies, the existence of Islam has never been brought up as part of the local culture. Since Islam in the colony was perceived with prejudice, the colonial government considered that it was not important to mark the contribution of Islam in the culture of the Indies. The paper reveals that there has been little information published by the colonial travel bureau on the Islamic spiritual aspects, despite the fact that there were some records written by foreign tourists who were interested in the practice of Islam. The tourist bureau favored Islamic architecture and featured the Hindu influence on Islam
Kampanye Iklan Layanan Masyarakat Produksi PNRI Laksmi, Laksmi
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 1, No. 1
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This study examines the message of the public services announcement (PSA) produced by PNRI. The PSA are supposed to encourage audiences to read books to improve their live. Indonesian society is known as oral tradition, meanwhile, reading habit helps people develop a critical thinking. I use qualitative approach to analyze dialogues, characters, virtual images, and information. The aim of the study is to understand how PSA is produced, communicated, and consumed by people. This research analyses meaning construction of reading and its relevance to welfare. I collect the data from seven PSA and analyze them by critical discourse analysis method. The first finding is that people understand partially the message: they understand that library and reading are important for their life. But they do not understand the relevancy between reading and improving their live. Second finding, most of society belief that they learn knowledge not necessary from the books, but they can gain it from parents, friends, religion, and television. Meanwhile, PSA reveals social reality that there are different values between society and PNRI. The contradictions of values become barriers to deliver the message of the importance of reading. The recommendation for it is to improve technique of campaign.
Islam Fobi dan Aksi-aksi Radikal Iskandar, Mohammad
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 1, No. 1
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Abstract

During the Dutch colonial government, social protests under the leadership of some Islamic ulamas were suppressed ruthlessly. In 1710, during the time of the East India Company (VOC), some farmers from Jampang, Sukabumi led by two ulamas rebelled against the Company. Even after the Diponegoro war in Java in 1883, in 1885-1888 there were farmers fighting against the colonial government in Ciomas, Banten and the war was named a holy war, fi sabililah war, and so were in 1904 in Aceh and in 1919 in Cimareme, Garut. Since Islamophobia became a modern phenomenon, and it did not only happen in recent occurrence of the post World Trade Center tragedy, it has been taken place even in the past. The general colonial policy was cautious against Islam and it barred the growth of pesantren, or the religious schools, and marginalized them for its anti-modernist stand. Indonesia, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia indirectly labeled Islam as terrorists.
Belajar Sejarah Kolonial melalui Pameran Koleksi Lukisan Jadoel Suratminto, Lilie
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 1, No. 1
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Abstract

Pictures or paintings of high-rank officials hanged in government or public offices are not only a recent phenomenon. Francois Valentijn (1724-1726) wrote in his book, Oud en Neuw Oost Indien, the common practice of hanging pictures or paintings of high-rank officials even in the eighteenth century in Indonesia when the East India Company (VOC) had its power over the land. The Fatahillah Historic Museum in Jakarta has kept all the pictures and paintings of the Dutch Indies officials from the time of the East India Company (VOC) to 1942. The curriculum vitae of those persona is a corpus for research on some aspects of the Indonesian colonial history.
Two-Spirits and The Decolonization Of Gender Kristanto, Bayu
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 1, No. 2
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Masyarakat pribumi di Amerika dan di bagian dunia yang lain menolak pendapat para teoretisi poskolonial bahwa kolonialisme telah berlalu meski efeknya masih dirasakan sampai sekarang. Bagi mereka, kolonialisme masih berjaya dan tetap mencengkeram kehidupan masyarakat pribumi yang hidup di tengah masyakat asing dominan di tanah milik mereka. Usaha-usaha menuju dekolonisasi telah dilakukan dari dulu sampai sekarang, dan bentuknya semakin beragam seiring berjalannya waktu. Makalah ini bermaksud menunjukkan bahwa usaha menuju dekolonisasi telah dilaksanakan oleh masyarakat pribumi Amerika semenjak proses kolonisasi dimulai. Analisa dipusatkan pada figur Two-Spirit, We’wha yakni figur individu pribumi yang memiliki identitas gender ganda. Bahwa masyarakat penjajah hanya mengakui adanya dua identitas gender merupakan suatu bentuk penjajahan yang senantiasa mendapat perlawanan dari masyarakat pribumi. Dengan demikian, usaha untuk menonjolkan gender alternatif merupakan suatu bentuk dekolonisasi yang signifikan karena binari gender merupakan bagian integral dari ilmu pengetahuan dan filsafat barat. Figur We’wha, tokoh Two-Spirit terkenal dari suku Zuni, membawa gender alternatif ini tepat ke tengah-tengah masyarakat elit Washington D.C. yang berpegang teguh pada oposisi gender yang ketat. Dengan menonjolkan perpaduan kualitas pria dan wanita dalam satu individu, We’wha menciptakan krisis epistemologi yang tidak bisa dipahami oleh masyarakat dominan Amerika. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa masyarakat pribumi Amerika telah terlibat dalam proses dekolonisasi dalam berbagai bentuk, baik fisik, psikologis,maupun kognitif
Habitus, Ngêng, dan Estetika Bunyi Mlèsèt dan Nggandhul pada Karawitan Prasetya, Hanggar Budi; Haryono, Timbul; L. Simatupang, Lono L.
Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya Vol. 1, No. 2
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Abstract

The paper explains about mlèsèt and nggandhul phenomena in the Javanese Karawitan in the perspective of Piere Bourdieu’s sociology of arts. The datas were collected through interviews with pengrawit,or gamelan players, and observation of gamelan played during the performance of Yogyakarta wayang. The research shows that mlèsèt and nggandhul aresound aesthetics for the listeners and habitus of the gamelan players. Therefore, a gamelan player should possess his ngêng in order to precisely play the correct rhythm of mlèsèt and nggandhul.

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