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Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Mas Said Surakarta
ISSN : 25278088     EISSN : 2527807X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22515/ljbs
Core Subject : Humanities, Education,
Humanities Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media
Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra (Leksema: Language and Literature Journal) is a double-blind peer-reviewed scholarly journal focusing on disseminating research results and conceptual works from language and literature fields of study by publishing them into scientific articles. The linguistic subdisciplines under the scope of this journal among others are general linguistics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, sociolinguistics, pragmatics, discourse analysis, applied linguistics, and all other specific studies related to linguistics. Meanwhile, literature subdisciplines covered by this journal include, but are not limited to, prosaic, poetic, and dramatic studies, as well as literary criticisms along with their subordinates. This journal is also open for publishing scientific works from interdisciplinary studies related to either language or literature subjects. Since the publications of this journal are addressed to an international audience, the working language of the articles is English. However, the language as the subject of study can be from any language.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Bahasa dan Linguistik
Articles 165 Documents
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SYMBOLISM AND METAPHORS IN DIAN PURNOMO'S NOVEL 'PEREMPUAN YANG MENANGIS KEPADA BULAN HITAM' Heny Friantary; Ade Bayu Saputra; Hendro Ade Saputra
Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/ljbs.v10i1.11658

Abstract

Literary texts often serve as spaces for ideological articulation conveyed through language and symbols. In the context of Indonesian literature, the novel Perempuan yang Menangis kepada Bulan Hitam, written by Dian Purnomo, presents a powerful narrative addressing gender inequality and the persistence of patriarchal culture. This qualitative library study aimed to analyze the symbolic and metaphorical expressions in the novel using Michael Riffaterre’s semiotic theory. Through heuristic and hermeneutic reading stages, along with hypogram tracing, this study reveals how the novel implicitly yet sharply voices resistance against patriarchal domination. The analysis results indicate that symbols such as ‘red pool’, ‘curse’, and ‘ancestral sin’ as well as metaphors like ‘tiger’s cage’ and ‘the price of freedom’, function not merely as aesthetic ornaments but as ideological devices exposing systemic violence, social taboos, and cultural repression of women. The semiotic reading demonstrates that the novel’s symbols and metaphors construct a narrative of resistance that disrupts the dominant cultural hypogram. Thus, literature can serve as a medium for critical awareness and as a means of conveying socio-political critiques against gender-based injustice.
SEQUENTIAL STRUCTURE OF CONVERSATIONS BETWEEN SELLERS AND BUYERS AT BIBOKI ANLEU TRADITIONAL MARKET Vincentius Mauk; Anselmus Yata Mones; Palmerya Christina Sau
Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/ljbs.v10i1.11943

Abstract

This research aimed at finding out the sequential structure of the interactions between sellers and buyers at the traditional market of Biboki Anleu. It employed conversation analysis (CA) to identify the interaction patterns-such as openings, adjacency pairs, insertions, extensions, and closings that reflect the social dynamics of market transaction-and ethnography of communication to understand the sociocultural context, norms, and language practices of the local community that frame their everyday communicative behaviors. The data collection was conducted through participatory observation, audiovisual recordings, and conversation transcription. The findings show that the conversation structure not only regulates the flow of communication but also conveys local cultural values such as politeness, solidarity, and communal economy. Unique expressions like owwww… are used as subtle and multimodal negotiation strategies. This study also highlights the differences of conversational structure from other traditional markets, such as those in Mexico and Manado by identifying both common patterns in buying and selling conversations and distinctive local features of the border community. Theoretically, this research expands the application of CA and ethnography of communication in local activities and enriches the understanding of interactional sociolinguistics. Culturally and linguistically, traditional markets are proven to be social spaces that shape, sustain, and transmit community identities and values through verbal and non-verbal interaction.
FROM FANTASY TO REALITY: THE VISUALIZATION AND TRANSFORMATIVE THINKING OF THE CHARACTER BARBIE IN ITS MOVIE VERSION Mufidah, Isna; Wiwiek Afifah
Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/ljbs.v10i2.12428

Abstract

The representation of women’s identities in the media has undergone significant shifts amidst the dynamics of contemporary popular culture. The film Barbie (2023) presents a narrative that not only showcases symbols of femininity but also offers a reflective journey of a character questioning the meaning of her existence. This research aims to analyze the process of transformative thinking in Barbie’s character, based on Mezirow’s (1994) transformative thinking theory, as well as to examine the visual signs and symbols in the film through the semiotic approach of Barthes (1968). the data were collected through visual observation, transcription of reflective scenes, and documentation of narrative symbols. The data were then analyzed using a content analysis method. The results show that the character Barbie undergoes stages of transformative thinking from disorienting dilemma to transformation of perspective which are represented through the changes in body language, critical dialogue, and visual symbols, such as costumes and colours. This process not only reflects Barbie’s personal journey from doll to human but also voices a critique of gender social construct symbols, such as high heels, the colour pink, and Barbie’s interactions with other characters. These all emphasize the shift from the representation of women as passive to active and reflective subjects. Thus, the Barbie movie offers a new space for interpreting women’s identities and demonstrates the potential of popular media as a means of critical and transformative reflection.
SOCIAL CRITICISM IN YUSUF IDRIS' SHORT STORY 'ANA SULTANU QANUNI AL-WUJUDI' Tanzila, Najma; Farhah, Eva
Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/ljbs.v10i2.11460

Abstract

Social criticism in literary works functions as a medium for authors to highlight various societal issues, particularly deviations within social reality. The short story Anā Sulṭānu Qānūni al-Wujūdi by Yusuf Idris exemplifies this by presenting social criticism through animal symbolism. This study employs a descriptive-analytical approach consisting of three stages: data collection, data analysis, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal four forms of social criticism based on Soerjono Soekanto’s classification, namely criticism of youth (apathy and resistance), poverty, bureaucracy, and crime. These forms of criticism are expressed through the figure of a lion in the circus arena, interpreted as a symbol of various social issues within society.
The Power of Isti'ārah Metaphors in Contemporary Arabic Poetry al-Nahru al-‘Āshiq by Nāzik al-Malā’ikah Devi Suci Windariyah
Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/ljbs.v11i1.12061

Abstract

The metaphor of isti'ārah in contemporary Arabic poetry, such as in al-Nahru al-‘Āshiq written by Nāzik al-Malā’ikah, offers aesthetic depth and profound social critique. This research aims to analyze the power of isti'ārah as a means of expression in depicting social and emotional realities. Using an analytical descriptive qualitative method, this study explores the form and function of isti'arah in this poem. The main findings show the dominance of isti'ārah murosyahah, which constructs complexities of meaning and aesthetics that go beyond literal likeness. Metaphors also play an important role in bridging the individual and collective experiences of the reader. This research contributes to the enrichment of balāghah studies by bridging traditional Arabic approaches with modern metaphor theory, offering new insights for contemporary Arabic literary studies on a global level.
COMMUNITY VS GOVERNMENT: THE AGENCY OF CLIMATE DISCOURSE ON GREENPEACE SOUTHEAST ASIA WEBSITE Isti'anah, Arina; Wijanarka, Hirmawan
Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/ljbs.v10i2.12550

Abstract

The climate discourse has been contested regarding its mitigation, mainly involving government and international organisations such as the UN. Hence, it is necessary to look for an alternative viewpoint that actively includes the community, or us, in the climate discourse. As a global non-governmental organisation, Greenpeace plays a crucial role in providing beneficial narratives that can broaden our perspectives on the worsening climate crisis and the state of our planet. This ecological discourse analysis (EDA) approach took data from articles on the climate crisis from the Greenpeace Southeast Asia website, henceforth abbreviated as GPSAW, and uploaded the corpus to Sketch Engine. By focusing on the words community and government (also their synonyms), this study examines the social actors based on theories by van Leeuwen (2008) and ecolinguistics by Stibbe (2015). Findings reveal that GPSAW articulates a beneficial discourse by involving the indigenous community and their ecological practices. While the government is also a significant player in the climate discourse, GPSAW actively engages the community as a crucial agent in mitigating the climate crisis. Even though communities are still represented as vulnerable actors, their active participation in voicing climate justice fosters the government’s roles as regulator and facilitator in climate mitigation. GPSAW is ecologically beneficial by locating communities as essential subjects in mitigating climate problems. This paper sheds a new light on the importance of narrating communities as crucial as the government and international organisations in climate discourse. The role of local communities is evident in their concrete actions in urging the government to create a more ecological policy.
TEENAGE SPEECH ERRORS: A PSYCHOLINGUISTIC STUDY OF RILEY'S UTTERANCES IN 'INSIDE OUT 2' Male, Veronika Theodora; Rusfandi, Rusfandi; Liskinasih, Ayu
Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/ljbs.v10i2.12654

Abstract

One aspect illustrating the connection between language and its psychological functions is speech production, which can reveal how psychological, cognitive, and physical conditions influence spoken language, potentially leading to speech production problems. This study investigates speech production issues in a fictional setting through the expressions of Riley, a character in the movie Inside Out 2, who faces emotional and cognitive challenges during adolescence. The aim of this analysis is to identify the variety of speech production errors and the underlying reasons for these errors in Riley's utterances. Using qualitative content analysis, the research applies Levelt’s (1989) speech production model, Warren’s (2013) theory of speech errors, and Clark and Clark’s (1977) framework to identify and categorize speech errors in Riley’s speech. Data were collected by documentation through watching Inside Out 2, transcribing Riley's utterances, identifying errors, and categorizing them by type, stage, and cause based on established theoretical frameworks. Eight types of errors were found i.e.: silent pauses, filled pauses, stuttering, repetition, substitution, anticipation, omission, and self-repair. The most common error is the silent pause, while substitution, anticipation, and repetition occur less frequently. Most errors are influenced by psychological factors, such as anxiety and emotional instability related to puberty, alongside cognitive and motor constraints. The findings demonstrate how emotional and cognitive challenges affect speech production in teenagers, highlighting the relevance of psycholinguistic theory in analyzing natural speech within fictional narratives.
Radical Propaganda and Counter-Narrative in Shamsie’s Novel Home Fire: The Case of Parvaiz Pasha Nada Syifa Fitriani; Hasnul Insani Djohar
Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 11 No. 3 (2026): Special Edition
Publisher : UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/ljbs.v11i3.12666

Abstract

This research analyzes how narrative propaganda is used by Farooq's character to recruit Parvaiz Pasha in Kamila Shamsie's Home Fire, and how these narratives can be countered through ideological and affective approaches. The background of this research is based on the increasing phenomenon of radicalization that is not only caused by political or economic factors, but also by the power of narratives that shape a person's identity and meaning of life. The purpose of this research is to uncover three forms of Farooq's propaganda narratives containing familial legacy, masculine struggle, and utopian promise, and construct a counter-narrative that can challenge and undermine these ideological influences. This research uses Luc Herman and Bart Vervaeck's theory of narrative as ideology, which explains that narratives are never neutral, but always carry certain values and ideologies. The theory is supported by Jowett and O'Donnell's concept of propaganda, which emphasizes the importance of symbolic strategies in influencing perceptions, and Henry Giroux's concept of counter-narrative, which sees counter-narrative as a form of cultural resistance and critical education. The method used is narrative analysis with a qualitative textual analysis approach, focusing on character dialog and narrative description in the text in Parvaiz Pasha's chapter. The results show that Farooq's propaganda is effective as it exploits Parvaiz's emotional emptiness and search for meaning. However, the narrative can be countered through the affirmation of individual agency, the redefinition of family love as a progressive force, and the recognition of the complexity of life that cannot be simplified by ideological promises. In conclusion, counter-narratives that are reflective, supportive, and contextual can be an important strategy in preventing the influence of extremist propaganda in the realm of fiction and social reality.
THE LINGUISTIC LANDSCAPE OF TOURIST AREAS IN MEDAN Fathul Jannah Harahap; Mulyadi; Tasnim Lubis
Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/ljbs.v10i2.12761

Abstract

This study examines the linguistic landscape of tourist areas in Medan, focusing on how languages operate and function within public spaces. Tourism areas were chosen as the research context because they attract visitors from various backgrounds and often display multilingual practices. This study aims to describe the forms and functions of linguistic landscapes while also exploring the symbolic meanings conveyed through visual elements such as typography, colors, and logos. A qualitative descriptive method was applied, with data collected through observation, interview, and photographic documentation of signs in several tourist destinations, including Istana Maimoon, Masjid Raya Al-Mashun, Tjong A Fie Mansion, Museum Perkebunan I, Shri Mariamman Temple, and the Rahmat International Wildlife Museum. The findings reveal the presence of monolingual, bilingual, and multilingual signs that highlight Medan’s multicultural identity and its role as a domestic and international tourist destination. Indonesian dominates as the national language, reinforcing unity, accessibility, and loyalty to the national language, while foreign languages such as English, Tamil, and Mandarin expand communicative reach. Latin, used in the Rahmat International Wildlife Museum, serves as a scientific language for naming species, emphasizing its educational and academic role. Symbolic functions are conveyed through colors, typography, and logos that embody religious, cultural, and ecological values. Informational functions are realized in name signs, directional signs, informational signs and prohibition signs that guide and regulate visitor behavior. The linguistic landscape of Medan’s tourist areas serves not only as a means of public communication but also as a reflection of cultural heritage, social values, and urban identity.
From Words to World: Attitudinal Appraisal Analysis of China's Anhui Provincial Tourism Branding on TikTok Shuangyan Du; Cecilia Yin Mei Cheong; Xiaoli Dong
Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/ljbs.v11i1.12795

Abstract

Digital media has opened new avenues for emerging destinations to shape tourist perceptions by projecting their tourism imaginaries to global audiences. However, there is a lack of study on how tourism imaginaries are constructed through attitudinal resources, especially in the context of emerging destinations. Therefore, this study examines the discursive construction of tourism imaginaries in Anhui Province, China, through its official TikTok promotions. A corpus of 203 videos was compiled, and the verbal elements were analyzed using corpus-assisted discourse and semantic analysis. Anhui’s tourism imaginaries and the attitudinal resources based on the attitude subsystem of Appraisal Theory were identified. The evaluative meanings embedded in these imaginaries were then examined through qualitative discourse analysis. The findings show that Anhui mainly uses ‘appreciation’ and ‘affect’ resources to construct positive tourism imaginaries, which include majestic natural scenery, timeless elegance, vibrant cultural festivals, exquisite cuisine, and dynamic urban life. This study suggests that the attitude system offers a useful lens for examining the verbal construction of tourism imaginaries in digital promotional contexts and demonstrates how evaluative language can be strategically used to elevate destination branding and enhance global visibility.

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