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Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Mas Said Surakarta
ISSN : 25278088     EISSN : 2527807X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22515/ljbs
Core Subject : Humanities, Education,
Humanities Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media
Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra (Leksema: Language and Literature Journal) is a double-blind peer-reviewed scholarly journal focusing on disseminating research results and conceptual works from language and literature fields of study by publishing them into scientific articles. The linguistic subdisciplines under the scope of this journal among others are general linguistics, phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, sociolinguistics, pragmatics, discourse analysis, applied linguistics, and all other specific studies related to linguistics. Meanwhile, literature subdisciplines covered by this journal include, but are not limited to, prosaic, poetic, and dramatic studies, as well as literary criticisms along with their subordinates. This journal is also open for publishing scientific works from interdisciplinary studies related to either language or literature subjects. Since the publications of this journal are addressed to an international audience, the working language of the articles is English. However, the language as the subject of study can be from any language.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Bahasa dan Linguistik
Articles 153 Documents
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CONCEPTUAL METAPHORS IN 'MAHFUDZAT': THE REPRESENTATION OF KNOWLEDGE VALUES IN ARAB SOCIETY Adawiyah, Alfina Rob'iah; Roselani, Ni Gusti Ayu; Romadhon, Aris; Ferdiansa, Deni; Sari, Dini Gilang; Kania, Annisa Nurhijatul
Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/ljbs.v10i1.9009

Abstract

This study aimed to identify the forms of metaphor in Mahfudzat's work on knowledge and to prove that the work reflects the life of Arab society. Lakoff and Johnson's (2003) theory were used as the base for data analysis. The theory states that there are source and target domains in metaphor which are described in this study by using Kovesces' mapping table. As this is a descriptive-qualitative research, the data of this study are in the forms of textual materials of Mahfudzat from Modern Islamic Boarding school Darussalam Gontor. The data source is limited to Mahfudzat materials containing the word ‘knowledge’ in the curricula for Grade 1 and 2. For collecting the data, documentation techniques were applied by reading and understanding the text as well as identifying, classifying, and categorizing the data. Meanwhile, the process of data analysis went through several stages i.e.: reading, composing metaphors, describing conceptual metaphor mapping, categorizing the types of metaphors, and drawing conclusions. The results show that there are 13 data related to science in Mahfudzat. In addition, 8 data containing metaphors were found, comprising 2 structural metaphors, 1 orientational metaphor, and 5 ontological metaphors.
LEVEL SHIFTS IN TOETY HERATY'S 'GENEVA BULAN JULI' POETRY TRANSLATION Vallabha, Ni Putu Sita; Hikmaharyanti, Putu Desi Anggerina
Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/ljbs.v10i1.9876

Abstract

Poetry often uses certain linguistic devices and styles such as metaphors, meters, and rhymes. A level shift can occur when these devices are expressed differently in the target language. Different languages have varying grammatical structures and rules, which can lead to level shift when translating. Cultural and contextual differences may require a level shift to make the poem understandable and comprehensible in the target language. In shift translation, there are two categories, level shift and category shift. This study focuses on the identification of the level shift in the poem Geneva Bulan Juli and its translation. A qualitative descriptive method is used to analyze the data of this study. The result shows that there are 17 level shifts occurring with the majority in the forms of shifts from grammatical forms, in the source language, to lexical forms, in the target language. These shifts include the transformations of verbs to nominal forms, the removals or additions of time elements and aspects, and the replacements of complex syntactic structures into dense and direct diction. Each shift serves not only as a linguistic adjustment but also as a rhetorical strategy to maintain the depth of meanings, emotional nuances, and poetic power in translation. These findings suggest that level shifts are inevitable strategies as well as creative aspects in poetry translation that have important implications for the studies of cross-cultural literary translation.
ROMANTICIZING ILLNESS: THE REPRESENTATION OF LOVE AND DISEASE IN THE MOVIES 'MIDNIGHT SUN' AND 'MEET ME AFTER SUNSET' Umara, Aurachel; Hidayatullah, Danial
Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/ljbs.v10i1.10004

Abstract

This study aims to find out how love and disease are represented as discourse in the movies entitled Midnight Sun (2018) and Meet Me After Sunset (2018). How the discourse of disease and love is constructed simultaneously in the stories of two characters with different social and cultural backgrounds is crucial to probe because discourses convey and create power and hierarchy. This study compares two characters who suffer from a rare disease named xeroderma pigmentosum. The disease makes them sensitive to sunlight in the teenage phase during which they experience falling in love. The main objects of comparison are the movie characters Katie from Midnight Sun and Gadis in Meet Me After Sunset. This study employs comparative methods which are appropriate to analyze how different socio-cultures can influence the discourse on love and illness. Discourses and constructs regarding love and illness in popular literature, including movies, cannot be fully understood without referring to gender and socio-culture. Illness is romanticized in Meet Me After Sunset and Midnight Sun. In the Indonesian context, the discourse of love as freedom is less obvious. In contrast, the discourse of isolation and the lack of agency are more advocated compared to the American counterpart. It is due to the differences in cultural patterns that operate in both movies. The discourse of illness in both stories leads to a binary gender hierarchy that associates masculinity with health, while femininity is associated with illness. The isolation caused by disease can also be associated with domestic femininity, which then becomes the idealized value of femininity in both movies.
THE VIOLATIONS OF THE COOPERATIVE PRINCIPLES IN 'EASY MANDARIN' YOUTUBE CHANNEL CONVERSATIONS Annisa, Annisa; Ayesa, Ayesa; Wahyu Retno Ningsih, Tri
Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/ljbs.v10i1.10295

Abstract

This study analyzes the violations of the cooperative principles in the YouTube channel Easy Mandarin as such violations in social media content reflect authentic language use and provide valuable insights into real world communication and pragmatic language learning. The main objective of this research is to identify how violations of the maxims of quantity, quality, relevance, and manner occur and what factors influence them. The data were collected from the transcription of videos from the YouTube channel by documentation technique. The data consist of 15 interview-style street videos from Easy Mandarin: Learn Mandarin from the Streets episode which were selected based on the highest number of views, with each video having a duration of approximately 12 to 15 minutes. The results of the analysis show that, in violation of the maxim of quantity, respondents often provide information that is less in-depth or too little, even though the purpose of the conversation is to create a comfortable atmosphere. It is found that the use of humour, false statements, and innuendo, in violation of the quality maxim, reduced the accuracy and truthfulness of the information. Meanwhile, violations of the maxim of relevance were identified through avoidance of direct conversation, refusal to develop the topic, and assertion of personal views irrelevant to the question. Finally, the maxim of manner was violated by errors in answering, forgetfulness, anxiety, and the use of empathy, pleasantries, and secrets, all of which obscured the clarity and depth of the conversation. The findings indicate that various social, emotional, and personal factors influence the violation of these maxims, thereby affecting the communication flow in the conversation.
TYPES OF PROCESS IN THE CLAUSES OF EMINEM'S 'HOUDINI' SONG LYRICS: A TRANSITIVITY ANALYSIS Darmawan, Adhitya; Rohmah, Nada Humaida
Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/ljbs.v10i1.10829

Abstract

This article discusses a transitivity analysis under the scope of systemic functional linguistics and it focuses on the types of processes in the clauses of Eminem’s Houdini song lyrics. Apart from just the processes, this paper also aimed to know how each stage of the song lyrics has different numbers of processes, so that the social construction from the staging can be seen further. This research is qualitative-descriptive since the data are multiple and holistically constructed. The data were collected from the transcription of the song lyrics which were then analyzed by using Spradley’s (1980) model of analysis. The stages of the analysis comprise domain, taxonomy, componential, and cultural theme analysis. The results show that the song mostly uses relational identifying process with as many as 46 data. Next, the stage that has the most processes is the third verse with total 46 data. Additionally, the verses carry the main narrative and thematic contents so that they have more processes, often repetitive, than the other song sections. The conclusion is that relational identifying processes are mostly used to identify or show the presence of Eminem, Slim Shady, and the controversy Eminem brings in the new album as well as what he already brought in the old albums.
ASSERTIVE ILLOCUTIONARY SPEECH ACTS OF THE NORMALIZATION OF SAUDI ARABIA-ISRAEL RELATIONS ON CNN ARABIC NEWS Humaira Izzahurrohman; Darmayanti, Nani; Lukman, Fahmy
Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/ljbs.v10i1.11309

Abstract

This study examines how assertive illocutionary speech acts are employed in CNN Arabic media discourse to convey ideology and power dynamics in news coverage of the normalization of Saudi Arabia-Israel relations. This study employed descriptive-qualitative method with a critical pragmatics approach using Korta and Perry (2011) model which includes stances, critique, and reproduction. The data in the forms of texts were collected by documentation from six CNN Arabic news segments featuring statements by prominent figures, including Benjamin Netanyahu, Anthony Blinken, and Faisal bin Farhan. The data were analyzed by interpretation with the result that CNN Arabic tends to prioritize representing social actors from the Unites States and Israel as its main sources of information that from Saudi Arabia and Palestine. Through assertive speech acts, such stating, explaining, telling, and claiming, the media constructs discourses that favor the Western pro-normalization hegemonic ideology. This study reveals that these language strategies are not neutral but play a role in reproducing power and framing public opinion on sensitive geopolitical issues in the Middle East.
PREPOSITIONAL INCORPORATION IN TOBA BATAKNESE LANGUAGE Simaremare, Juni Agus; Mulyadi, Mulyadi
Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/ljbs.v10i1.11386

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to describe the process of combining prepositions, the rules of combining prepositions, and the forms of prepositions in the Toba Bataknese language. This study used a descriptive-qualitative method whose data are in the forms of texts. The techniques for data analysis include removal, replacement, insertion of reversals, and changes occurrence. The results; of this study; indicate that; the combination of prepositions in Toba Bataknese language can be seen from the movement of prepositions in verbs. The emergence of the suffixes -i and -hon in verbs has changed the argument structure of intransitive verbs into transitive verbs. Likewise, transitive verbs change into ditransitive verbs. The changes in the structure of the verb arguments consist of (1) Subj - V (intr) - Obl à Subj - V (tr) - Obj; (2) Subj - V (tr) - Obj - Obl à Subj - V (dtr) - Obj - Cho. The prepositional forms combined with Toba Bataknese verbs can be divided into two types, namely (1) prepositional forms that change into the suffix -i and (2) prepositional forms that change into the suffix -hon. The prepositional forms that change into the suffix -i in the birth structure are di (in) and tu (to), while the prepositional forms that change into the suffix -hon are tu (to/for) and sian (from).
LOOKIN’ GOOD: LUDIC LOCALIZATION QUALITY ASSESSMENT FOR VIDEO GAMES Purnomo, Luthfie Arguby
Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/ljbs.v10i1.11447

Abstract

Localization quality assessment (LQA) for video games tends to be discriminated in a sense that the assessment rubrics are not solely designed to address the issues of video game localization – the rubrics are generally employed for software or apps in common. Addressing this issue, I constructed an LQA that I called ludic LQA. Five steps were taken in constructing the LQA with participant-oriented research by Saldanha and O’Brien (2014) and participant observation by Spradley (2016) as the research frameworks. First, I investigated cases of LQA from a corpus of games to enlist common problems of localization that influence its quality. Second, employing the theories of schematic network by Tuggy (2006), Baconian perspectives of bias by Walton (1999), prosthetic communication in games by Purnomo et al. (2019), and diegetic and nondiegetic strategies in game localization by Purnomo and Purnama (2019), I constructed the parameters and their parametric weights. Third, I held a focus group discussion (FGD) with a game studio to reveal the applicability of the parameters. Fourth, I implemented the constructed LQA in video game localization (VGL) class to uncover practical issues with real localization problems as the objects of assessment. Fifth, practical issues found in the implementation were implemented in the final design of ludic LQA. Through these steps, ludic LQA was constructed. This LQA has linguistic meanings, cultural references, and spatial constraints. Since this LQA was solely designed for video games, game developers and localization specialists can employ the LQA to generate a thorough and comprehensive quality assessment.
SKOPOS THEORY AND CULTURAL BARRIERS TRANSLATION PERSPECTIVES: NEW VOICE IN CHILDREN'S TRANSLATION Laratmase, Yesayas Palimau; Nugroho, Andy Bayu; Agesi, Andre
Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/ljbs.v10i2.10260

Abstract

This article explores the use of Skopos theory in translating children’s literature, focusing on how translation choices should be guided by purpose and context. Cultural sensitivity and alignment with the cognitive and emotional needs of children as readers are emphasized, following Oittinen’s (2000) perspective. Skopos theory supports adaptation beyond strict equivalence, offering a flexible approach to meet the needs of child audiences. The proposed method involves three key stages: (1) analysis, to understand the function of translation in the children’s literature context; (2) production, to create context-appropriate and culturally aware translations; and (3) promotion, to support the effectiveness and reliability of culturally sensitive translations. This study offers a practical framework to address linguistic and cultural challenges in translating for children, promoting a more thoughtful and audience-centred approach to children’s literature translation.
SOCIAL ACTOR REPRESENTATIONS IN THE INTERNATIONAL CONFLICT DISCOURSE BETWEEN TRUMP AND ZELENSKY Rihandy, Ariq Najmi; Achmad Diny Hidayatullah
Leksema: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : UIN Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/ljbs.v10i2.12067

Abstract

This study explores how the media construct social actor representations in the international conflict discourse between US President, Donald Trump, and Ukrainian President, Volodymyr Zelensky, during their tense meeting at the White House in February 2025. Employing Theo van Leeuwen's (2013) Social Actor Representation model within the Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) framework, the study examines six selected news texts from Al-Ghad and BBC News Arabic. Using a qualitative approach and interactive model analysis by Miles, Huberman, and Saldana (2014), this research identifies key strategies of inclusion and exclusion used by each media outlet to position the two political figures. The findings reveal contrasting ideological patterns: Al-Ghad activates Trump as a dominant figure while marginalizing Zelensky through passivation and negative categorization; conversely, BBC News Arabic emphasizes Zelensky's agency while softening Trump’s image through passivization and nominalization. This study contributes to media discourse analysis by highlighting how ideological orientations influence the representation of global political actors and shape public perception. It also underlines the role of linguistic strategies in reproducing power relations in international conflict narratives.

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