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SAINS MEDIKA : JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DAN KESEHATAN

sainsmedika
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Published by Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

ISSN : 20851545 EISSN : 2339093X DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

Sains Medika is journal of medicine and health, is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that focuses on promoting medical sciences generated from Biomedical Sciences, Public Health, Clinical Sciences, and Medical Education to integrate researches in all aspects of human health. This journal publishes original articles, reviews article, and also interesting case reports.

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Articles 8 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 7, No 1 (2016): January - June 2016" : 8 Documents clear

A Death of a Man Due to Strong Acid Trauma at a Rice Field, a Homicide or Suicide ? Trisnadi, Setyo
Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 7, No 1 (2016): January - June 2016
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA)

In general highly corrosive acids or bases injury can occur due to deliberate or unintentional, such as workplace-related accidence, vocational negligence, unintentional child corrosive poisonings. Acids are considered to be corrosive when it has a high concentration, are irritants at moderate concentrations, and stimulant at low concentrations. This is a report of a strong acid poisioning case of a 60 year-old- man found dead in the middle of a rice field in Demak in September 2015. The victim was one of the farmers protesting the illegal dredging project. At the crime scene, a hoe and a bottle made of “plastic” (used fertilizer container, classified as moderate acid) lying beside the deceased, giving an impression that he commited suicide by consuming the liquid. External examination revealed: burn marks are red brown or black, dry and hard on the eyelids, nostrils, lips, tongue, neck and chest. The results of the examination showed: 1. Mucosal irritation, with a bright red and brownish red, accompanied by ulceration. It was also found irritation in tongue, larynx and edemous glottis and esophagus. 2. Pseudomembranous inflammation of the trachea and bronchi which resulted in superficial epithelial damage and necrosis affect submucosal layer. 3. Brain edema due to anoxia. The forensic examination confirms that the cause of death was homicide.

The Effect of Propolis Extract on MDA Levels (Malondialdehyde) and Sperm Quality on Epididimis (Experimental Study on Wistar Strain Male Rats Exposed to Kretek Cigarettes) Hoesada, Ivan; Nasihun, Taufiqurrahman; Isradji, Israhnanto
Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 7, No 1 (2016): January - June 2016
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA)

Introduction: Cigarette smoke exposure increase free radicals and effecting male infertility. Propolis is commonly used as supplement to increase antioxidant levels. Objectives: To prove the effect of propolis extract to MDA level and spermatozoa quality on epididymis due to cigarette smokes. Methods: Experimental research post test only control group design using 30 male rats Wistar Strain, 8 weeks old, weighed 200 – 250 gram, randomly divided into 5 groups. K-1 (normal), do not received propolis and cigarettes smoke; K-2 (negative control) exposed to cigarettes smokes 4 buds/ day, did not received propolis; K-3, K-4, and K-5, apart from cigarrete smokes 4 buds/day each were given propolis with 2.9 mg, 5.4 mg, dan 8.3 mg/200g body weight/day for 21 days. On the 22nd day, rats were sacrificed, sperms were extracted from cauda epididymis, and then examined for MDA and sperm quality. Statistical analysis used was one way ANOVA, continued with post hoc LSD with significance level of p<0,05. Results: ANOVA test on MDA level and sperm quality between groups showed significant difference of, p = 0.005. Post hoc test indicated that MDA on K-5 (1,12) is significantly lower compare to K-2 (5,89), p = 0,001. As well as consentration, motility and morphology (spermatozoa quality) which indicated that K-5 (49.32, 64.15, 36.34) is significantly higher compared to K-2 (22.62, 27.27, 21.39), each with p value of p = 0.001.Conclusion: extract propolis 8,3 mg/day for 21 days is proven to increase spermatozoa quality and lower the MDA level on male rats wistar strains’ epididimis exposed to cigarettes smoke.

The Effect of Fasting on the Concentration of Enzimatic Antioxidants (Superoxide Dismutase and Glutathione Peroxidase) in Rats Jannah, Muliatul; Nasihun, Taufiqurrahman; Sumarawati, Titiek
Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 7, No 1 (2016): January - June 2016
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA)

Introduction: Consumption of excessive calories can increase the incidence of degenerative diseases mediated by ROS. Caloric restriction, have been shown to increase levels of antioxidants superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Gluthatione Peroxidase (GPx). Fasting like Ramadan fasting (FLRF) is a form of calorie restriction, but its effect on levels of SOD and GPx remains unclear. Objectives: to investigate the effect of fasting on levels of SOD and GPx. Methods: in a post-test only control group design, sample of 24 rats Sprague Dawley Rats aged 3-month-old, weighing 250-300 grams, were randomly divided into 4 groups. Group 1 (P-70), 2 (P-100), and 3 (P-140) were fasted for 6 hours/day, each group received of 70%, 100% and 140% calories respectively. Group 4 (C-AL) received 100% calories, ad libitum. Day 16 blood was taken and levels of SOD and GPx were determined by ELISA. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVAs, followed by post hoc LSD tests, p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: the results showed that the levels of SOD and GPx occur significant differences between the groups, p = 0.000. The test results post hoc SOD (318.64) and GPx (89.16) group P-70, compared with group C-AL (278.60 and 57.20) was significantly higher (p = 0.00). SOD and GPx P-70 group compared with the group P-140 (92.03 and 48.79), significantly higher (p = 0.00). Compared with group P-100 (296.70 and 75.71) SOD and GPx in group P-70 was significantly higher, p = 0.000. Conclusion: Fasting with calorie intake of 70% and 100% for 15 days can increases levels of SOD and GPx in male rats.

Performance Appraisal in Pharmacy Department Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital by Balanced Scorecard Approach on Internal Business Perspectives Sulistyaningrum, Indriyati Hadi; Wirastuti, Ken; Santoso, Arifin; Afif M., Muhammad Mujib
Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 7, No 1 (2016): January - June 2016
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA)

Background: Performance appraisal using Balanced Scorecard on internal business process perspective offers a comprehensive solution for performance appraisal in public organization especially in a hospital. Objective: to study the performance of pharmacy department in Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital using Balanced Scorecard from internal business perspective. Methods: Object of the study is the Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital installation of pharmacy. This research is a descriptive observational study. Data were obtained prospectively and then categorized and grouped as quantitative and qualitative data. Qualitative data were gathered from in depth interview with head of pharmacy department Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital. Quantitative data were gathered from direct observation on drugs prescription surveys.Result : Performance perspective on internal business process include: a. Level of availability of drugs in pharmacy department Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital is good with average 98%, b. Level of outpatients admittance in installation of pharmacy Sultan Agung Islamic hospital indicated the average of 66%, it means that installation of pharmacy have lost customers for outpatients as much as 34%.Conclusion: Performance in pharmacy installation of Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital is not in a good criteria, therefore improvement is needed.

Flavonoids and Aging Nasihun, Taufiqurrachman
Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 7, No 1 (2016): January - June 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA), Indonesia

Aging is inevitable process, however human comes into aging is in difference way and difference rates. Some of them undergo aging earlier due to degenerative diseases, unable to reach the maximum lifespan and are thus denominated secondary aging (Huebschmann AG, 2011). Some of others undergo aging latter, looked younger than their truely chronological age, have no suffer degenerative disease, able to achieve maximum lifespan and so called primary aging (De la Fuente, 2009; Huebschmann AG, 2011). Maximum lifespan or often called longevity of the species is defined as maximum time that a species belonging to determine how long the species can live, for example maximum lifespan in human beings is 122 years, whereas the lifespan in rats and mouse strains is only 3 and 4 years respectively (De lafuente, 2009). It must be distinguished this longevity from mean or averages longevity. Average longevity can be defined as the average of time that member of population that have been born on the same date live (De la Fuente, 2009). The maximum lifespan is fixed in each species, meanwhile the lifespan of individual subject in the population, even when their genotype are the same and grow in a common environment condition, such as protected from external hazard show marked variability (Kirkwood, 2005).

Effect of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Bulb Skin Extract on Urea and Creatinine Levels in Alloxan-Induced Hyperglycemia Wistar Rat Rosyid, Abdur; Wijayanti, Rina; Azizah, Nuzlil Laily Nur
Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 7, No 1 (2016): January - June 2016
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA)

Background: Garlic bulb skin extract contains flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin, quinone and polyphenol. Garlic bulb skin is a waste of garlic bulb which has not been optimally used so far for medical purpose. Objective: to discover the influence of garlic (Allium sativum L.) bulb skin extract on urea and creatinine levels in alloxan-induced hyperglycemia wistar rat. Methods: Experimental research using post-test control group design and its statistic analysis using Kruskal Wallis followed with Mann Witney test. The hyperglychemia rat is made by inducing alloxan at a single dose of 160 mg/kg bodyweight (BW) intraperitoneally. The garlic bulb skin extract doses used are 200mg/200gBW, 400mg/200gBW, and 800mg/200gBW for 14 days. The blood is sampled through vena orbitalis which is tested for its urea and creatinine levels.Results: The urea test in hyperglychemia rat administered with 200mg/200gBB garlic bulb skin extract (average urea level 88.87 mg/dL) has no differencce from the negative group (p>0.05), while the 400mg/200gBB and 800mg/200gBB doses (average urea levels 41.86 mg/dL and 41.96 mg/dL) show significant difference (p<0.05). The creatinine test shows significant influence (p<0.05) in extract dose of 400mg/200gBB (average creatinine level 1.16 mg/dL).Conclusion: it can be concluded that garlic bulb skin extract may have some influence in reducing urea level at 400mg/200gBB and 800mg/200gBB doses and creatinine level at 400mg/200gBB dose.

The Relationship between Characteristics of Cerebospinal Fluid and Tuberculous Meningitis detected using Real Time PCR Masfiyah, Masfiyah; Subakir, Subakir; Kristina, Tri Nur
Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 7, No 1 (2016): January - June 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA), Indonesia

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) carries a high morbidity and mortality, however, its diagnosis can be difficult due to low concentration of bacteria in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Although increased CSF protein, decreased CSF glucose; cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis with mononuclear cells predominance are commonly used to diagnose TB infection, they show inconsistent results.Objectives: To analyze the relationship between several characteristics of the CSF and TB meningitis.Methods: This is an observational research, with a cross sectional design, 27 patients with TB meningitis and or meningoencephalitis with Thwaites diagnostic score â‰¤ 4 obtained from mecidal records. The definitive diagnosis of TB meningitis was made using the Ziehl Neelsen (ZN) staining and or culture TB, or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification with the target in IS6110, Ziehl-Neelsen staining (ZN) culture method. Characteristics of CSF including increased CSF protein, decreased CSF glucose, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis with mononuclear cells predominance and the CSF abnormalities were evaluated in the laboratory of molecular microbiology of Medical Faculty, Diponegoro University/dr Kariadi General Hospital, Semarang. The statistical analysis used was prevalent ratio (RP).Results: Over 27 patients, 12 (44.4%) were diagnosed with definite TB meningitis. Statistical analysis showed that prevalence ratio of the increased levels of protein CSF was 3.143 (95% CI: 0.502 to 19.692), decreased glucose levels was 1.750 (95% CI: 0.501 to 6.112), pleocytosis with a predominance of mononuclear cells was 2.5 (CI 95% : 1.238 to 5.048), whereas the CFS abnormality was RP 2.2 (95% CI: 1.087 to 4.454).Conclusion: This study has shown that pleocytosis with mononuclear cells predominance and CFS abnormalities have a positive relationship with definite TB meningitis.

The Correlation between Medical Personnel’s Attitude and Pap Smear Examination Practice at Islamic Sultan Agung Hospital Semarang Zulaikhah, Siti Thomas; Surani, Endang; Anggorowati, Eka Norma
Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 7, No 1 (2016): January - June 2016
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA)

Introduction: Cervical cancer is still ranked in the first place of those diseases most commonly developing in Indonesian women. It is predicted that 41 new cases occur every day, and around 20 people every day pass away of it. Cervical cancer keeps increasing because the coverage of screening through pap smear examination is low. Objective: This research aims at discovering the correlation between medical personnel’s attitude and practice of pap smear examination at Rumah Sakit Islam Sultan Agung (RISA) Semarang. Methods: The study is observational research using cross sectional design with a sample of 38 medical personnel taken randomly from 273 personnel as its population in RISA Semarang. The data are taken using questionnaire and interview with respondents, and the obtained data are analyzed using univariate and bivariate tests, using chi-square test, at a significance level < 0.05. Result: the percentage of medical personnel having regular pap smear practice is higher in medical personnel with good attitude (66.7%) compared to those with poor attitude (17.6%). The data analysis using Chi Square statistic test indicates a significant difference, p = 0.003.Conclusion: the results of this reseach show that pap smear is more commonly done by those medical personnel with good attitude than those with poor attitude

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