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All Journal SAINS MEDIKA : JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DAN KESEHATAN Medical Journal of Indonesia

Taufiqurrachman Nasihun

Department of Biochemistry and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Semarang

Author-ID : 328478

Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

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Increase in Bcl2 expression of penile and prostate cells of Sprague Dawley male rats following treatment with buceng (combination of Pimpinella alpina molk with Eurycoma longifolia Jack) Nasihun, Taufiqurrachman
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol 24, No 1 (2015): March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Background: Treatment with buceng combination of Eurycoma longifolia Jack and Pimpinella alpine Molk has been proven to increase testosterone level, decrease apoptosis and caspase3 expression. Bcl2 is an antiapoptotic protein found in cytoplasm which inhibits cells apoptosis. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of buceng on Bcl2 expression on penile and prostate tissues of the rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 24 male Sprague Dawley rats of 90 days old, weighing Â± 300 grams, were randomly assigned into four groups. Group A, normal rats. Group B, castrated rats and treated with buceng 100 mg/day, per oral (Cast-Bcg); Group C, castrated rats and treated with 2 ml of water as placebo against buceng (Cast-Plac). Group D, castrated rats, treated with mesterolone 6.75 mg/day, per oral, as exogenous testosterone (Cast-Mest). All rats were treated for 30 days. Manova test was used to analyze the different expression of Bcl2 among groups with significance level at p â¤ 0.05. Results: Castration was associated with significant decrease of Bcl2 expression in the penile and prostate tissues (53.0 and 50.9%, respectively) compared to normal rats (82.6 and 84.2%, respectively, p < 0.001). Treatment with mesterolone reversed Bcl2 expression (77.1 and 78.1%) to a near normal level. The same level of Bcl2 expression was also observed with buceng treatment (73.8 and 78.2%).Conclusion: The treatment with buceng could enhance Bcl2 expression in penile and prostate tissues, comparable to normal rats and mesterolone treated rats.

The Effect of CMCE Propolis Extract Administrations on Interleukin-1 (IL-1) Levels and the Hepatocyte HistopathologicalFindings of Ratsâ€™ Induced with CCl4 Lestari, Catur Retno; Sumarawati, Titiek; Nasihun, Taufiqurrachman
Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 11, No 1 (2020): June 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA), Indonesia

Introduction:Liver exposure to toxic substances will disrupt the metabolic system. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a hepatotoxic substance causing a liver damage. Continuous multi-stage countercurrent extraction(CMCE) propolis extract contains active balsamic substances, caffeic acid, phenethyl esters and flavonoids.Objective: to prove the effect of CMCE propolis extract on IL-1 levels and the hepatocyte histopathology findingsof male wistar ratsâ€™induced by CCl4.Methods:In the posttest only control group design, the total sample of 28 rats was divided into 4 groups: positive control group (K-0; standard feed); group P-1 (propolis3.6 mg/200 g); P-2 (propolis7.2mg/200gr and P-3 (propolis14.4mg/200g) were respectively given for 14 days,yet those on the 14thday were given CCl4. The IL-1 level was measured with the ELISA method, while the male wistar ratsâ€™hepatocyte histopathology findings was determined by the HE staining methods. IL-1 levelswere analyzed usingOne Way Anova test,followed by the Post Hoc LSD test. Hepatic cell histopathology was analyzed usingKruskal Wallis, followed by Mann-Whitney U.Results:Post Hoc LSD analysis shows that the levels of IL-1 in P-1 (983.54 Â±19.67), P-2 (841.58Â±19.47), and P-3 (755.50Â±31.63) are significantlylower thanthosein K-0 (1131.69Â±14.91) withp<0.05. Mann-Whitney U analysis shows that the hepatocyte histopathology in the P-1 group (2.55Â±0.39), P-2 (1.24Â±0.94) and P-3 (1.20Â±0.93) is significantlylower thanthatinK-0 (2.94Â±0.16) with p<0.05.Conclusion: The administration of CMCE propolis extract may reduce IL-1 levels and improve the male wistar ratsâ€™hepatic cell histopathologyinduced with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4).

The Effect of Moderate-Intensity Physical Exercise on Interleukin-6 Level and Lymphocyte Count in Leprosy Reaction Patient Roy, Adryan; Nasihun, Taufiqurrachman; Sumarawati, Titiek
Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 12, No 1 (2021): June 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA), Indonesia

Introduction: Leprosy reaction is an immunity declining reaction marked with inflammation which may cause permanent disability. Physical exercise may improve bodyâ€™s immune system. Objective: To prove the effect of moderate-intensity physical exercise on the interleukin-6 level and lymphocyte count in leprosy reaction patient.Methods: The quasi-experimental research with pretest and posttest and a control group design used 30 respondents consisting of 14 interventions and 16 controls. The intervention group was given moderate-intensity physical exercise 60%-79% in the form of static cycle at a frequency of 4 times weekly, 150 minutes per week. Corticosteroid was always administered to the two groups as a standard therapy. The interleukin-6 level was measured using ELISA method and lymphocyte count was measured using hematology analyzer.Result: The Mann-Whitney analysis shows that the mean difference in IL-6 level between pretest and posttest with the intervention group (-7.1429Â±25.2369) is significantly lower than that of the control group (8.8125Â±11.2025), p<0.05. On the contrary, the Independent t-test analysis shows that the mean difference in lymphocyte count between pretest and posttest with the intervention group (0.7407Â±0.41236) is significantly higher than that of the control group (-0.4500Â±0.42415), p<0.05. Conclusion: Physical exercise at moderate intensity in the form of aerobics using static cycle at a frequency of 4 times weekly, with duration of 150 minutes per week decreases interleukin-6 level and increases lymphocyte count in leprosy reaction patient.Â

Increased levels of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and sertoli cells count in wistar rats induced with paraquat after green bean sprout extract supplementation Auliya, Qurrotu A'yuni; Nasihun, Taufiqurrachman; Chodidjah, Chodidjah
Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 13, No 1 (2022): June 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA), Indonesia

Paraquat herbicide disrupts the hormone Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), causes testicular damage and changes in spermatogenesis. This study aims to determine the effect of supplementation of green bean sprout extract (Vigna radiata L.) on FSH levels, Sertoli cell counts in male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) induced by paraquat herbicide. This research uses true experimental with posttest only control group design. A total of 25 rats were divided into 5 groups: P0 was given standard feed, P1 was given paraquat 4 4 mg/g BW, P2 was given green bean sprout extract supplement (GBES) dose 21.6 4 mg/g BW and paraquat 4 mg/g BW P3 was given GBES dose 43.2 4 mg/g BW and paraquat is administered orally for 15 days. Measurement of FSH levels using ELISA, while Sertoli cells were observed using testicular histology preparate. Mann-Whitney test resulted significance of p<0.05, which showed that the administration of GBES influenced FSH levels and the number of Sertoli cells. GBES doses of 21.6 4 mg/g BW, 43.2 4 mg/g BW, and 86.4 4 mg/g BW were shown to increase FSH levels and Sertoli cell counts in paraquat-induced Wistar rats. GBES increased FSH levels and the number of Sertoli cells in paraquat-induced rats.

Calorie Restriction, Stem Cells, and Rejuvenation Approach Nasihun, Taufiqurrachman
Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 7, No 2 (2016): December 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA), Indonesia

Aging may be defined as the time-dependent deterioration in function of an organism associated with or responsible for the increase in susceptibility to disease and probability of death with advancing age (Harman, 1981; Cefalu, 2011). Generally, the aging organisms are characterized by both biochemical and functional declines. Declining of basal metabolism rates, protein turnover, glucose tolerance, reproductive capacity, telomere shortening, and oxidative phosphorylation are related to the biochemical. Whilst, lung expansion volume, renal glomerular and tubular capacities, cardiovascular performance, musculoskeletal system, nerve conduction velocity, endocrine and exocrine systems, immunological defenses, and sensory systems are associated with the physiological declining (Baynes and Dominiczak, 2015). Some evidences indicated that, although members of a species develop into adults in the same way, even genetically similar or identical individuals, raised in identical conditions and eating identical food, but they may age differently (Baynes and Dominiczak, 2015). These aging differences are attributable to the life style particularly calorie and dietary restriction intakes, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and thus its implication on severity of damage, repair capacity, and error accumulation in cellular genetic material (Baynes and Dominiczak, 2015; Mihaylova et al., 2014; Mazzoccoli et al., 2014). Therefore, in molecular terms, aging can be defined as a decline of the homeostatic mechanisms that ensure the function of cells, tissues, and organs systems (Mazzoccoli et al., 2014). Accordingly, if the homeostatic mechanism can be repaired, the result is rejuvenation.

Effect of Four Antioxidants Combination on Number of Sertoli and Leydig Cells, Sperm Quality and Caspase-3 Expression in Rat Exposed to Cigarette Smoke Yuniarifa, Conita; Wibowo, Joko Wahyu; Nasihun, Taufiqurrachman
Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 11, No 2 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA), Indonesia

Introduction: The administration of antioxidant combination has been shown to be more effective than that of individual antioxidant in male infertility.Objective: to determine the effect of different combination of antioxidants (vitamin/vit C, vit E, glutathione and zinc) on the number of Sertoli and Leydig cells, sperm quality and texpression of caspase-3 in rats exposed to cigarette smoke.Methods: This was an experimental study using a post test only control group design. Thirty six rats were randomly divided into 6 groups to receive one of the following combinations of antioxidants: vit C and E, glutathione, zinc (T4-G); vit C and E, glutathione (T3-G); vit C and vit E (T2-G); Glutathione, zinc (T1-G); control positive (CP-G) cigarette smoke exposed only, normal (CN-G). The dose of vit C, vit E, glutathion and zinc was 9 mg/day, 1.8 IU/day, 1.8 mg/day, 0.2 mg/day respectively. All groups were exposed to cigarette smoke (3 cigarettes/day for 21 days), except for the CN-G group. On day 22, sperm samples were taken. Testicular tissue was taken for measurements of sperm quality, sertoli and leydig cell.numbers.Results: There was a significant difference in mean number of Leydig cells, sperm motility, sperm count and caspase-3 between groups (p<0.05). Post hoc LSD showed that the administration of combination of four antioxidant agent increasing the number of Sertoli cells and sperm morphology. The results also showed that group treated with 4 antioxidants combination had the highest number of Leydig cells, sperm motility, sperm counts and the lowest expression of caspase-3.Conclusion:The combination of vitC, vit E, glutathione and zinc affects the number of Sertoli and Leydig cells, sperm quality, expression of caspase-3 in rats exposed to cigarette smoke .

THE EFFECTS OF HYPERTENSION STAGES ON N-TERMINAL-PRO BRAIN NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE (NT-PRO-BNP) LEVEL AND LEFT VENTRICULAR EJECTION FRACTION Sriwiyati, Kati; Nasihun, Taufiqurrachman; Abduh, M. Saugi
Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 10, No 1 (2019): June 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA), Indonesia

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Introduction: Hypertension is the most common risk factor for heart failure causing an increase in N-Terminal-Pro Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) level and a decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Objective: To investigate the effect of hypertension on NT-proBNP level and LVEF in patients with chronic heart failure.Methods: This cross sectional study takes 29 people with hypertension stage-1 (HTD-1) and 27 people with hypertension stage-2 (HTD-2) as sample. The left ventricular ejection fraction and NT-proBNP level obtained from medical records are analyzed using independent t test and Mann Withney test, followed with Spearmen correlation between NT-proBNP level and LVEF.Results: Mann-Whitney test indicates that the mean value of NT-proBNP level of HTD-2 is significantly higher compared to that of HTD-1, p = 0,000. On the contrary, the independent t test shows that LVEF in HTD-2 is lower than that of HDT-1, p = 0.001. The Spearman correlation analysis conducted on the NT-proBNP level and the LVEF results in value of -0.651, p = 0.000. The cut-off-point value of NT-proBNP level is 1511pg/ml (sensitivity 0.82% and specificity 0.80%) and the value of area under the ROC curve > 0.7. The left ventricular ejection fraction has an area under the ROC curve > 0.7 with a cut-off-point value of 39% (sensitivity 0.67% and specificity 0.69%).Conclusion: The NT-proBNP level and the LVEF of HTD-2 are significant higher and lower respectively compared to those of HTD-1. The NT-proBNP level and LVEF also show a strong negative correlation. The cut-off-point value of NT-proBNP level and LVEF can be utilized to compare the stages of hypertension in patients with chronic heart failure.

Comparison Between The Efficacy of Fentanyl Continuous Infusion and Intratechal Morphine for Pain After Cesarean Section Putro, Prabowo Wicaksono Yuwono; Nasihun, Taufiqurrachman
Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 8, No 2 (2017): December 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA), Indonesia

Background: Intrathecal morphine has been shown to be effective for pain after cesarean section with possible side effect including delayed respiratory depression, nausea vomiting and pruritus. Fentanyl continuous infusion fixed base infusion rate with disposable elastomeric pump is an alternative to intrathecal morphine but has not been been widely studied.Objective: to compare the effectiveness between fentanyl continuous infusion fixed base infusion rate using disposable elastomeric pump and intrathecal morphine.Methods: in a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT), 56 patients meeting the inclusion criteria were divided into two groups: Morphine group (n=28): spinal anesthesia 10 mg Bupivacaine Heavy 0.5% + 100 mcg morphine; Fentanyl group (n=28): spinal anesthesia 10 mg Bupivacaine Heavy 0.5% + fentanyl continuous infusion 0.5 mcg/kg BW/hour using disposable elastomeric pump after delivery. Data analysis: Mann-Whitney test at the level of significance p<0.05.Results: Analgesic effect of Fentanyl group was as effective as that of Morphine group. NRS score difference was significant only in measurement taken 6 hours after surgery (p=0.034). Mean NRS score for Morphine and Fentanyl were 68Â±1.02 and 1.11Â±0.832, respectively. Both group were effective in preventing increased cortisol level measured 6 hours after surgery, mean value group Morphine and Fentanyl were 15.053Â±8.664 and12.162Â±8.623, respectively.There were no statistical significant difference between groups (p=0.114). No significant difference in side effect between the groups was found.Conclusion:Â Fentanyl continuous infusion 0.5 mcg/kg BW/hour using disposable elastomeric pump is as effective as intrathecal morphine 100 mcg/kg BW/hour

Soursop (Annona Muricata, Linn) Leaf Ethanol Extract Cream Application Affected the Expression of TNF-Î± and VEGF on Balb/C Mice Skin Exposed to Acute UVB Susanto, Agus; Nasihun, Taufiqurrachman; Hussaana, Atina
Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 9, No 2 (2018): December 2018
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA), Indonesia

Background: Wound healing problems are often associated with TNF-Î± and VEGF expressions. However, the benefits and effects of ethanol extract cream from soursop leaves towards TNF-Î± and VEGF expression for burns healing process are yet to be known.Â Objective: To evaluate the benefits and influence of ethanol extract cream from soursop leaves in decreasing TNF-Î± expression and stimulate VEGF expression in BALB/c mice exposed to acute UVB radiation.Â Method: This study is a laboratory-based experimental study with post test only control group design. The subjects were 48 BALB/c female mice, divided into 24 subjects for TNF-Î± and 24 for the VEGF group, and were randomly distributed into 4 groups in each study, with each group containing 6 BALB/c mice. Group K was smeared with a base cream of 0.3 grams three times daily, while P1, P2 and P3 groups were each applied 0.3 grams of ethanol extract with consecutive consentrations of 2.5%, 5%, and 10% three times daily. On the sixth day, termination was performed on 24 mice to assess Tnf-Î± expression and on the eighth day also termination on 24 mice to assess VEGF expression. Preparation of substances was done using IHC method, analyzed using Kruskal Wallis test followed by Mann Whitney test.Results: The results of TNF-a and VEGF expression analysis based on Kruskal Wallis test obtained a p value of 0.0001 (p<0.05) showing that the mean expression of TNF-a and VEGF among the four groups ware significantly different. Mann Whitney test results revealed that the differences in expression of TNF-a and VEGF between the two groups were all significant differences (p<0.05). The mean TNF-a expression in the three treatment groups (PI, PII, PIII) ware significantly lower than the control group. The mean TNF-a expression in the PII and PIII treatment groups ware significantly lower than in the PI group, and the mean TNF-a expression in the PIII treatment group was significantly lower than the PII group. The mean VEGF expression in the three treatment groups (PI, PII, PIII) ware significantly higher than the control group. The mean VEGF expression in the PII and PIII treatment groups ware significantly higher than the PI group, and the mean VEGF expression in the PIII treatment group was significantly higher than in the PII group.Conclusion: Ethanol creams made of soursop leaves extract is proven to be useful and decreasing TNF-Î± expression and increase VEGF expression in BALB/c mice exposed to acute UVB rays.Keywords: Ethanol cream of soursop leaves extract, TNF-Î± expression, VEGF expression

Administration of Mung Bean Extract (Phaseolus radiatus) in Increasing Hb and Ferritin Level and Decreasing Malondyaldehide (MDA) Level in Anaemic Rats Wijayanti, Heni; Nasihun, Taufiqurrachman; Hussaana, Atina
Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 8, No 2 (2017): December 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA), Indonesia

BACKGROUND: Mung bean, not only contains protein, carbohydrates, and fats, but also contains iron and vitamin C which are proven to overcome anemia in pregnant woman. High iron levels are potential to increase ROS production through fenton reaction.OBJECTIVE: to prove the administration of mungbean can increase Hb and ferritin levels and decreasing malondihaldehyde (MDA) in anaemic rats.METHODS: This research uses Post Test Only Control Group Design. A total of 25 anaemic rats were divided into 5 groups: normal group (Nor-G);negative control group (Neg-G), were given low Fe diet; and treatment group with low Fe and mung bean extract at dose of 0,18g/200g/days (GP-0,18), 0,36g/200g/days (GP-0.36), dan 0,72g/200g/days (GP-0.72). Low Fe diet and mung bean extract were administered for 14 days. Hb levels were measured using Sahli method, ferritine level using Immulite Ferritine Kit, and MDA were measured using TBA.RESULTS: Compare to Nor-G and Neg-G, levels of ferritin and Hb on groups with mung bean extract 0,18g (75.56), 0,36g (90.98) and 0,72g (95.87) were significantly higher (p < 0.05). While MDA levels on groups with mung bean 0,18g (4.646), 0,36g (3.396) and 0,72g (1.92) were significantly lower than on Nor-G and Neg-G groups (p < 0.05).CONCLUSION: The administration of mung bean extract can increase Hb and ferritin, also lower MDA level on anaemic rats.

Co-Authors Adi Wiratno, Adi aisah, wipi sari Amalia, Helfi Arief Adi Saputro Atina Hussaana Auliya, Qurrotu A'yuni Budiarto, Agnes Catur Retno Lestari Chodidjah Chodidjah Djajadihardja, Andreas Yudi Prasetyo Djoko Trihadi Lukmono Subagyo Dwi Ayu Noviana, Dwi Ayu Dwi Juniatiningrum, Ratna Eko Naning Sofyanita Eni Widayati Erna Ridawati, Erna Firdaus, Chalid Heni Wijayanti, Heni Israhnanto Isradji Joko Wahyu Wibowo Laili, Ni'mah Hidayatul Lintang Laila Rizqy, Lintang Laila M. Saugi Abduh Miftahul Jannah Nor Anisatun Nida, Nor Anisatun Putro, Prabowo Wicaksono Yuwono Ragil Saptaningtyas, Ragil Rahmawati, Rahmawati Riyanto, Anwar Roy, Adryan Shofa Chasani Siti Thomas Zulaikhah Sri Maryanti Sriwiyati, Kati Titiek Sumarawati Wani, Elsayanti wibowo, subur Wiwik Handayani Yuniarifa, Conita

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