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Jurnal Agro Fabrica
Published by Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia
ISSN : 26564831     EISSN : 26564823     DOI : https://doi.org/10.47199/jaf.v4i2
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
Jurnal Agro Fabrica adalah terbitan ilmiah berkala yang mempublikasikan hasil-hasil penelitian maupun telaah ilmiah dari Dosen, Peneliti, Praktisi maupun mahasiswa. Jurnal ini dikelola LP2M dan Program Studi Teknologi Pengolahan Hasil Perkebunan (TPHP), Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI). Jurnal Agro Fabrica memiliki ISSN 2656-4823 (media online), 2656-4831 (media cetak), frekwensi terbitan 2 edisi setiap tahun yaitu pada bulan Juni dan Desember.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)
Articles 101 Documents
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KARAKTERISTIK UJI IMPAK (IMPACT TEST) CHARPY PAPAN KOMPOSIT BERBAHAN SERAT TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DIPERKUAT SERAT KACA Sarumpaet, Josafat; Mahyunis, Mahyunis; Zakwan, Zakwan
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): Juni 2021
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

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Abstract

Oil palm empty bunches (TKKS) are solid waste from palm oil processing which is quite large and until now its utilization is still not optimal. Therefore, it is necessary to innovate the processing technology of oil palm empty bunches in order to produce products that have more usefulness and high economic value as well. One of the processed products from the solid waste of oil palm empty bunches is composite. By utilizing solid waste of oil palm empty bunches (EFB) to be used as a base material for making (filler) and BTQN 157 EX resin as a matrix, catalysts as hardeners and glass fibers (fiberglass) as reinforcement are expected to produce composite boards that have proven quality by testing. impact standard ASTM E23. This research was conducted at the STIPAP TPHP Laboratory and the Laboratory of Basic Phenomena of Mechanical Engineering, the Medan Institute of Technology (ITM). The research period was 2 months, namely July - August 2019. This research used handmade methods and charphy impact testing with a composition of 29% OPEFB fiber, 157 ex 70% BTQN resin, 1% catalyst and glass fiber. The results showed that the average absorption energy of the 8 samples was 0.833 Joules and the average impact price was 0.0108 joules / mm2.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI ASAP CAIR BERBASIS TEMPURUNG KELAPA DAN CANGKANG KELAPA SAWIT TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK LATEKS YANG DIGUMPALKAN Bareta, Arief; Purwanto, Heri; Giyanto, Giyanto
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): Juni 2021
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

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Abstract

Liquid smoke is the result of the coconut shell pyrolysis and palm kernel shells burned and cooled through the medium of water coolers to make the results from burning fuel to liquid. Liquid smoke can be used to agglutinate latex. In this research, liquid smoke from coconut shell and oil palm shells mixed into 20gr of latex samples with a concentration ratio of 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, and 15%. In this study, it can be concluded that the concentration of 15% faster agglomerate, lower pH, and higher PoPRI value. And faster agglomeration speed of other rubber materials.
ANALISIS ASAM LEMAK BEBAS DAN NILAI DOBI PADA MINYAK SAWIT MENTAH (CPO) SETELAH PROSES APLIKASI KOMBINASI BENTONIT DAN MAGNESIUM OKSIDA (MgO) Raja, Pada Mulia; Adlyansyah, Adlyansyah
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): Juni 2021
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

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Abstract

Bentonite and Magnesium Oxide (MgO) are adsorbents that can be combined applied in Crude Palm Oil (CPO) to reduce its free fatty acids (FFA) content. The quality standard of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) in SNI 01-2901-2006 is the content of FFA, water and impurities, respectively, a maximum of 5%, 0.25% and 0.25%. Another parameter which determines the quality of CPO is the deterioration of bleachability index (DOBI). The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of the combination of bentonite and magnesium oxide (MgO) to reduce levels of FFA and increase the value of DOBI. The stages of this research are: 1). Natural bentonite preparation and activation 2). The variations in the combination of Bentonite and Magnesium Oxide (MgO) are Bentonite: MgO (1: 1), Bentonite: MgO (3: 1), and Bentonite: MgO (1: 3) 3). Application of combination of Bentonite and Magnesium Oxide (MgO) on CPO and 4). Analysis of free fatty acid levels and the value of DOBI in CPO. The results showed that the best FFA reduction is on the combination of Bentonite: Mg O (3: 1) was 2.95% (according to SNI 01-2901-2006) while the highest DOBI value was shown in the Bentonite: MgO treatment (1:3) namely 2.79 (according to SNI 01-2901-2006). The combination of Bentonite: MgO can reduce the value of free fatty acids where the initial value of FFA = 5.2 after treatment, the value of FFA is 2.95% and increase the value of DOBI in CPO where the initial DOBI value is 1.65 and after treatment becomes 2.79.
ANALISA ORGANOLEPTIK POMADE BERBASIS PALM FATTY ACID DISTILLATE DAN GLISERIN Siregar, Leonardi; Zakwan, Zakwan; Raja, Pada Mulia
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): Juni 2021
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

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Abstract

Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD) is a by-product of the palm oil refining process which contains 80% of free fatty acids (ALB). Overall the palm oil manufacturing process will produce 73% olein, 21% stearin, 5-6% PFAD and 0.5% trench CPO. CPO can be used to produce solid palm oil (RBD stearin) and liquid palm oil. PFAD is a by-product of the Fractionation process at the Downstream Industry plant, which can add value to the industry if it is developed, for example, as a raw material for pomade. This study aimed to determine the quality of pomade hair oil based on PFAD and Glycerine using the organoleptic method. The stages of this research are; (1). Sampling (2). Deodorization (3). Pomade Making (4). Organoleptic analysis (5). Test data using LSR (BNT). The color BNT test analysis results with the notation of 0.01 and 0.04 seem to give a significant difference in the aroma analysis test P1M1 P2M2 with P3M3 P4M4 P5M5 it looks very significant and the results of the texture analysis test also show a very significant difference.
PEMBUATAN PAPAN PARTIKEL DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN BAHAN BAKU TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DAN PEREKAT RESIN Lubis, Ahmad Fahmi Alhafiz; Effendi, Zulham; Guntoro, Guntoro
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022): Juni 2022
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v4i1.176

Abstract

Oil palm is a plantation crop that has an important role in Indonesia today. This plant is a plant that produces vegetable oil and its derivative products. The processing of oil palm empty bunches into particle board as a strategy for utilizing solid waste from oil palm processing has been carried out. The test was carried out to determine the hardness, weight and moisture content to produce particle board. The board making was carried out in April - August 2020. The location was at the Laboratory of Soil and Fertilizer at the College of Agricultural Agribusiness and Plantation (STIPAP) and the Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry Polytechnic Medan (PTKI). The results showed that the largest water content of oil palm empty fruit bunches was obtained by 44%, then for the weight of the content obtained 1.131 gr / cm3 with a ratio of 50% oil palm empty bunches fiber and 50% resin adhesive and a hardness test value of 76 kg. . The moisture content can affect the resistance and weight of the particle board so that drying is necessary. Meanwhile, the weight of the contents has an effect on particle density, thereby increasing the hardness of the material.
KAJIAN PERBEDAAN METODE APLIKASI KALSIUM KARBIDA 250 mg/L TERHADAP KECEPATAN PEMBRONDOLAN SERTA NILAI DOBI, KAROTEN DAN VITAMIN E PADA TANDAN BUAH SEGAR DI STIP-AP MEDAN Samosir, Jojor Indriani; Giyanto, Giyanto; Aisyah, Siti; Mulyara, Budi
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022): Juni 2022
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v4i1.177

Abstract

Semi Virgin Crude Palm Oil (SVCPO) is the palm oil product that is managed from raw material TBS palm oil that given treatment using chemical material like etephone and calcium carbide. The TBS was treated by using simple tools and short processing, with minimum treatment with temperature that was already modified. The purpose of the research is to develop the managing process of CPO that maintain the quality of minor component with DOBI value that is produced by acceleration technic variation in managing the palm fruit. The research was done in Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Pertanian Agrobisnis Perkebunan (STIP-AP). The research time was done during January until August 2016. The research uses the Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) method, by giving chemical material to the raw material TBS by method treatment like spray, injection, and combination. The result of the research shows that SVCPO has carotene ranges 506-1044 Ppm, E vitamin ranges 509-771 Ppm, and DOBI ranges 2,47-3,61. Etephone and calcium carbide material give the real effect if it is looked from the method, and give the unreal effect if it is looked from the chemical material concentration. So it is concluded that inside this research method that the best to DOBI and E vitamin is injection method.
OPTIMASI NIRA SAWIT DALAM PEMBUATAN MINUMAN SINBIOTIK DENGAN TAMBAHAN INULIN DAN KULTUR BAKTERI LACTOBACILLUS CASEI Rinaldi, Wahyu; Raja, Pada Mulia; Syukri, Muhammad; Maharani, Rhyna; Rangkuti, Ika Ucha Pradifta
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022): Juni 2022
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v4i1.178

Abstract

Oil palm trunks can produce quite a lot of sap water, which is approximately 10 per day for 1 month for 1 oil palm tree that is uprooted, currently, there is not much optimal processing of palm oil with an economical selling price, for this reason, it is necessary to develop functional foods. This study aims to determine whether palm sap can be used in the manufacture of symbiotic beverage products with optimum chemical, microbiological and organoleptic qualities. The study was arranged using a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method with 3 treatments of incubation time, namely 12 hours, 24 hours, and 36 hours with each treatment using 6 replications so that 18 experiments were carried out. The best treatment by SNI 2981:2009 was obtained at an incubation time of 24 hours, namely with a pH of 5.2, water content is 82.50%, total dissolved solids is 17.33%, the lactic acid content is 0.81%, a total lactic acid bacteria of 2.8 x 108 and produces a minimum dense texture with sufficient acidity. The organoleptic aspect of taste and aroma at 24 hours of incubation time was favored or acceptable to consumers with a taste score of 3.3b and aroma of 3.3ab (scale 1-5) in the hedonic rating test. Meanwhile, at 36 hours of incubation, consumers did not like it with a taste score of 2.2a and aroma of 2.1a. This is because the longer the fermentation time can increase the acidity of the product which causes the distinctive taste and aroma of palm sap to increase.
PEMANFAATAN SOLID EX-DECANTER DALAM PEMBUATAN ROTI SOLID DENGAN TAMBAHAN ONGGOK SEBAGAI PAKAN TERNAK RUMINANSIA Munthe, Mandala Putra; Purwanto, Heri; Giyanto, Giyanto
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022): Juni 2022
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v4i1.180

Abstract

Solid bread is ruminant feed made from solid ex-decanter that has gone through a mixing process with local ingredients and has been molded into a circle so that it looks like bread and is referred to as solid bread. This study uses experimental methods. Consists of 3 levels of treatment, namely: without fermentation, 7 days of fermentation, and 14 days of solid fermentation using EM-4. The addition of local ingredients, namely cassava (onggok), palm kernel meal, molasses, salt, and lime can help the nutritional content of solid bread to conform to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). The parameters tested in this study were: crude protein (PK), crude fat (LK), crude fiber (SK), ash, calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and water. Unfermented solid bread contains 14.05% crude protein, 9.23% crude fat, 20.46% crude fiber, 5.10% ash, 0.8097% calcium, 0.744% phosphorus, 8.17% water. The 7-day fermented solid bread contains 22.79% crude protein, 8.04% crude fat, 12.27% crude fiber, 4.20% ash, 0.8931% calcium, 0.794% phosphorus, 8.98% water. Fermented solid bread for 14 days contains 28.20% crude protein, 7.87% crude fat, 9.32% crude fiber, 3.82% ash, 0.9378% calcium, 0.829% phosphorus, 9.56% water. The results of this study indicate that several treatments, namely non-fermented, fermented for 7 days, fermented for 14 days, and some of the nutritional content of solid bread have met SNI. Crude protein, crude fiber, ash, calcium, and water content meet SNI but some do not meet SNI such as crude fat, and phosphorus in 7-day fermentation and 14-day fermentation. In non-fermentation, phosphorus has met SNI.
PENGARUH APLIKASI ASAP CAIR CANGKANG KELAPA SAWIT PADA TANDAN BUAH SEGAR TERHADAP KUALITAS MUTU CPO (CRUDE PALM OIL) Ramadhani, Edo; Giyanto, Giyanto; Purwanto, Her
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022): Juni 2022
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v4i1.181

Abstract

The results showed that liquid smoke grade 2 of palm oil shells were able to reduce the content of free fatty acids in crude palm oil. The results of the best free fatty acid levels found in the sample of the spray treatment method decreased by 0.38% and the combination decreased by 0.52%, the results obtained were greatly decreased and met the Indonesian National Standard 01-2901-2006. The water content and dirt content produced are still very high, the lowest average water content is obtained by sample B2 with a result of 0.94% and the highest average result is obtained by sample A, which is 0.99% and the result of dirt content with an average result The lowest average was obtained by sample B with a result of 1.38% and the highest average result was obtained by sample B2 with an average result of 4.2%. The results of high water content and dirt content were caused by obtaining crude palm oil by pressing using a manual tool with a cloth so the results obtained did not meet the Indonesian National Standard 01-2901-2006, namely 0.5%. Then the results of DOBI levels (Deterioritation Of Bleachability Index) were obtained with the lowest result of 2.56 from the results of sample B1 and the highest result of 2.25 ppm from the results of B3, if it is associated with the quality of the oil obtained is still not sufficient, it is still not meeting the standards set. determined by PORIM (Palm Oil Research Institute of Malaysia) which is 2.36 – 3.24. For the level of carotene produced, it is still not enough, namely, the lowest average result is 4.26 ppm from sample B3 and the highest average result is obtained by sample A, which is 488 ppm, so it still does not meet the quality standards of carotene parameters according to Palm Oil Refiners. Association of Malaysia (PORAM) which is 500 - 700 ppm.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI LARUTAN PEMUTIH H2O2 TERHADAP MUTU KERTAS BERBAHAN BAKU LIMBAH PADAT PELEPAH KELAPA SAWIT Maulana, Adika Tito; Giyanto, Giyanto; Purjianto, Purjianto
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 5 No. 1 (2023): Juni 2023
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v5i1.183

Abstract

In general, solid waste from the palm oil industry contains high organic matter, which has an impact on environmental pollution. Improper handling of waste will pollute the environment. Various efforts have been made to process and increase the economic value of palm oil solid waste. Palm oil waste is the residue from the oil palm plant which is not included in the main product or is a by-product of the palm oil processing process, either in the form of solid waste or liquid waste. Oil palm solid waste can be in the form of empty fruit bunches, shells, bfiber and palm fronds. This research was carried out as an innovation from the previous research process with a differentiator, namely palm fronds, which in previous studies used empty palm oil bunches as raw material. In this study, hydrogen peroxide was used as a factor to determine the quality of paper made from palm fronds. Bleaching is a process of removing the color contained in the fiber due to the presence of lignin in the pulp with the help of chemicals. With three different concentration treatments aimed to determine the difference in the degree of whiteness, grammage and moisture content of the paper. Based on the results of the analysis of variance, it showed that the effect was significantly different on the concentration of the bleach solution (H2O2) with a variation of the concentration of 8% on the grammage with the highest grammage of 4% and 6% concentrations, and also had the lowest water content but at a concentration of (H2O2) 4% and 6% have higher water content.

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