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INDONESIA
Jurnal Agro Fabrica
Published by Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia
ISSN : 26564831     EISSN : 26564823     DOI : https://doi.org/10.47199/jaf.v4i2
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
Jurnal Agro Fabrica adalah terbitan ilmiah berkala yang mempublikasikan hasil-hasil penelitian maupun telaah ilmiah dari Dosen, Peneliti, Praktisi maupun mahasiswa. Jurnal ini dikelola LP2M dan Program Studi Teknologi Pengolahan Hasil Perkebunan (TPHP), Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI). Jurnal Agro Fabrica memiliki ISSN 2656-4823 (media online), 2656-4831 (media cetak), frekwensi terbitan 2 edisi setiap tahun yaitu pada bulan Juni dan Desember.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)
Articles 96 Documents
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ANALISIS RENDEMEN TANDAN BUAH SAWIT BERDASARKAN TAHUN TANAM DAN VARIETAS DI PROVINSI RIAU Azhari Rizal; Susilawardani; Hartini
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022): Desember 2022
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v4i2.108

Abstract

Palm oil (CPO) is extracted from loose palm fruit which is released from the oil palm fruit bunches, either naturally or by boiling. Several factors affect the yield of palm oil in the oil extraction process, including the year of planting and the variety planted. This study aims to look at the yield levels of oil palm fruit based on the variety year of planting so that the actual value is known and the effect of the year of planting on the yield value of FFB can be identified. The method used in this study refers to MPOB (Malaysia Palm Oil Board) and NRCOP (National Research Center of Oil Palm) standards which consist of 6 (six) stages, namely FFB sampling, initial calculation of FFB, seeds, and mesocarp, measuring moisture content, mesocarp oil extraction, calculating the percentage of kernels and shells, and calculating the value of the FFB material balance. Based on the results of the TB material balance analysis, it is known that the young planting year does not fully produce a low yield of palm oil, this is because many influencing factors cannot be controlled and are variables that cannot be locked/determined. The results of the average material balance for all planting years for the dry extraction method showed a CPO yield value of 22.97%, testing showed the highest yield was in the 2002 planted year with 27% content and the lowest was in the 2015 planted year with 19.68%.
PEMBUATAN PAVING BLOCK DENGAN BAHAN DASAR SERAT TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT Yehezkiel Sinuraya; Budi Mulyara; Rafael Remit Winardi
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022): Desember 2022
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v4i2.109

Abstract

Lack of waste management of oil palm empty fruit bunches and the lack of utilization of oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB). Based on this, the researcher wants to use empty bunches as paving blocks that meet the quality standards of SNI 03-0691-1996 which include the requirements for appearance, size, compressive strength, and water absorption. This research was conducted for 3 months and the sample to be used was obtained from the Pagar Merbau Palm Oil Mill. Oil palm empty fruit bunches are obtained from the process of soaking with the chemical NaOH for a while so that the fibers do not get moldy. Empty bunches of fiber, water, cement, and sand are mixed and stirred evenly which is then printed on a 21.5 x 11 x 6 cm size mold. The research was conducted at the ITSI campus (Indonesian Palm Oil Technology Institute) Medan and the Civil Engineering Laboratory of the Medan State Polytechnic. This research is experimental. Variable testing using ANOVA test with a confidence level of 95% or with a significance level of 5% (α = 0.05). The results showed that the appearance and size of paving blocks with fiber composition of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% oil palm empty fruit bunches met the requirements according to SNI 03-1091-1996. There is a relationship between the weight of paving blocks and the fiber composition of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% of the compressive strength of paving blocks and there is no relationship between the weight of paving blocks and the fiber composition of 0%, 5%. , 10%, 15%, and 20% of the water absorption of paving blocks.
KAJIAN PERBEDAAN METODE APLIKASI ETEPHON 60% TERHADAP EFISIENSI PEMBRONDOLAN SERTA NILAI DOBI, BETA KAROTEN DAN VITAMIN E PADA TANDAN BUAH SEGAR KELAPA SAWIT Giyanto; Guruh Damanik; Siti Aisyah
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022): Desember 2022
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v4i2.110

Abstract

Semi Virgin Crude Palm Oil (SVCPO) is a palm oil product that is processed from palm oil FFB raw materials which are treated using chemicals in the form of 60% etephon. The FFB is processed with simple tools and a short process, as well as minimum treatment with a modified temperature. This study aims to speed up the harvesting time of palm fruit from the bunch by using the application method and 12 hours of curing time to produce good quality oil. This research was conducted at STIPAP, precisely at the TPHP Process Laboratory. The time of this research was carried out from January to July 2021. This study used the Completely Block Design (CBD) method, by administering chemicals to the FFB raw material by injection and spray methods. The results of this study showed that the FFB removal efficiency ranged from 6.61- 11.44% and SVCPO had DOBI values ranging from 1.66-2.57 ppm, carotene ranged from 311- 1044 ppm, and vitamin E ranged from 409-897. ppm. The application of injection and spray affects the efficiency of sloughing off and the quality of the oil. It can be concluded that in this study the best method for slashing efficiency was the spray method and the injection method for DOBI, carotene, and vitamin E values.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN PERFORMANCE MESIN SCREW PRESS BERDASARKAN NILAI IDLING DAN MINOR STOPPAGES DAN REDUCED SPEED DI PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT KAPASITAS 30 Pada Mulia Raja; Zulham Effendi; Calvin Arnico Lase
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022): Desember 2022
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v4i2.113

Abstract

Palm oil processing in the Palm Oil Mill (PKS) is carried out by extracting the fruit flesh (mesocarp) of the oil palm fruit in the palm oil mill processing with a palm oil mill processing machine. Realizing the results of palm oil processing requires a machine that operates in good condition to produce the output the machine is following the desired achievement with good screw press machine performance without any problems experienced during processing. This research was conducted by direct observation of the state of the screw press machine and taking daily secondary data in the form of loading time data, total production, production targets, ideal cycle time, actual, cycle time, downtime, operation time, and problem data on the screw press machine for 6 months from June-November 2020 on 2 screw press. From the results of the study, it was found that the constraints that caused the low-performance value of the screw press machine based on the value of idling and minor stoppages and reduced speed which resulted in the machine often experiencing momentary stops and a decrease in rotation of the screw press every month due to the large capacity of the machine that was not following the capacity. factory and the condition of the machine and the lack of supervision and control in humans cause the machine to often experience a decrease in performance on the screw press machine. From the results of the analysis of the results carried out, it was found that alternative solutions to improve the performance of the screw press machine were caused by 4 factors based on the identification carried out using a cause-and-effect diagram by paying attention to the critical point of a machine caused by human factors, machines, materials and methods based on analysis. Screw press machine performance is based on the value of idling and minor stoppages and reduced speed.
PENGARUH VARIASI WAKTU EKSTRAKSI α-SELULOSA DARI PELEPAH KELAPA SAWIT SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU PEMBUATAN MIKROKRISTALIN α-SELULOSA Aulia Muliana Harahap; Ika Ucha Pradifta
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 1 No. 1 (2019): Juni 2019
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v1i1.115

Abstract

The study about the supply of α-cellulose from palm frond as a raw material for microcrystalline α-cellulose by hydrolysis method using nitric acid (HNO3), sodium nitrite (NaNO2), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium sulfite (Na2SO3), sodium hypoclorite (NaOCl), aquadest (H2O, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was aiming to find out α-cellulose produced at the extraction time variation (minutes) approximately 90, 100, 110, 120, and 130, respectively. The parameter analysis of α-cellulose from palm oil frond as raw material for producing microcrystalline α-cellulose includes analysis of water content, α-cellulose yield, morphological analysis of α-celluloseyield, morphological analysis of α-cellulose by SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), Fourier analysis Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) α-cellulose, and analysis of linitas with XRD (X-Ray Powder Diffraction) α-cellulose. The results showed that the best extraction time was 100 minutes with the results of the parameter analysis as follows: yield of 40.59%, water content of 1.332% and already fulfilling the Indonesian Industry Standards. The results of the characterization using FT-IR showed that α-cellulose amorphous from was characterized by 2 maximum peaks of 20 = 22o, 20o. The crystalline index was
PEMBUATAN BIOBRIKET TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DAN TEMPURUNG KELAPA SEBAGAI SUMBER ENERGI ALTERNATIF RAMAH LINGKUNGAN Herlina Anggriani Marbun; Giyanto; Hardiansyah Sinaga
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 1 No. 1 (2019): Juni 2019
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v1i1.116

Abstract

Fluctuations in fuel prices stimulate efforts to find alternative energy that is environmentally friendly. The processing of oil palm plantations produces waste or quite a lot of products ± 23% of the weight of fresh fruit bunches. Utilization of Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (PEFB) as biobriquettes was chosen in this study by mixing other ingredients, namely coconut shell. The treatment in the study was the composition of the mixture of PEFB and shell PEFB-1, PEFB-2, PEFB-3, PEFB-4 and PEFB-5 with a ratio of weight (100% -0%), (75% -25%), (50% -50%), (25% -75%) and (0% -100%). The research was carried out in Medan STIPAP, ITM Laboratory and PTKI Alboratorium in April - September 2018. Observation parameters were heating value, water content, ash content, density, compressive strength and combustion rate. The results showed that briquettes with dominant PEFB material, PEFB-1 and PEFB-2, produced less quality biobriquettes, especially low calorific value. The best treatment is PEFB-4 (25% EFB and 75% shell) with characters that appropriate to the specifications of the quality standard of charcoal briquettes.
PENGGUNAAN WAKTU DAN SUHU YANG IDEAL PADA PROSES PENGERINGAN KADAR KARET KERING LATEKS Andi Wijaya; Arief Rachmawan
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 1 No. 1 (2019): Juni 2019
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v1i1.117

Abstract

Measurement of dryrubbercontent of latex (DRC) is very important factor in the trade transactions of rubber. Determination of temperature and drying time of latex’s DRC need to be studied in order to avo id the excessive difference between farmers and factories so that it can cause loss effect on sale andpurchase of latex transaction. This study aimed to determine the temperature and time factor of the DRC during the drying process and its interaction. The study used a complete random ized design (RAL) with twofactors, i.e. temperature (80oC, 90oC, 100oC, 110oC, 120oC) and time (2, 4, 6 hours) with 3 replications and as control was 100oC for 2 hours. The results showed that the interaction between temperature and time was apparent (p <0,010). The using of temperature variations of 90oC (4 and 6 hours), 110oC (2, 4, and 6 hours) and 120oC (2, 4, and 6 hours) is possible to replace standard temperature and time (100oC for 2 hours ), because it have no significant differences in the value of latex’s DRC.To prevent the latex sample browning and stickiness due to oxidation of high temperature, it can use temperature of 90oC-100oC and drying timeof 4-6 hours.
ANALISA REALIBILITY DAN MAINTAINABILITY PADA MESIN SCREW PRESS DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE DISTRIBUSI NORMAL DI PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT Benita Septiana Sinaga; Zulham Effendi; Giyanto
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 1 No. 1 (2019): Juni 2019
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v1i1.118

Abstract

The cessation of the processing process at the palm oil mill will cause losses to the company, which can result inlow productivity of the plant. Damage to equipment at the palm oil mill requires more costs to repair the damage.For this reason, good maintenance is needed for each equipment used in the processing process using the normaldistribution method. In this study the tool used was Screw Press. The purpose of this study was to determine thevalue of Realibility and Maintainabiity by using a normal distribution and to determine the cause of damage to theScrew Press machine. This research stage was carried out by taking data on damage and repair of Screw Press inApril-June 2017 and processing data using normal distribution. The data needed in normal distribution is the valueof Realibility, Maintainability, and standard devisia. By doing this data processing, the Screw Press machine canoperate well with reliability value in April-June 2017 on screw press 1 machines at 98%, 98%, 99% andmaintainability value of 21.78 hours, 18.8 hours, 19 , 18 hours. Whereas in screw press machine 2 in April - June2017 the reliability value is 99%, 98%, 95% and the Maintainability value is 19.9 hours, 18.68 hours and 18 hours.
KRITERIA RUMAH MAKAN SUPPLIER MINYAK JELANTAH DALAM RANGKA PERENCANAAN BAHAN BAKU BIODIESEL D.U.M. Susilo; Th. Candra Wasis A.S.; Zakwan
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 1 No. 1 (2019): Juni 2019
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v1i1.119

Abstract

The using of biodiesel as an environmentally friendly fuel has received attention from consumersto producers. So, a lot of research was done on the potential raw material to become biodiesel. One ofthe raw materials for biodiesel was waste cooking oil. Pontianak City have many sources including wastecooking oil from restaurants. Therefore restaurants in the city of Pontianak might be usedas suppliers of waste cooking oil in biodiesel production. This study aims to determine the priority ofcriteria and sub-criteria for restaurants as suppliers and determine good restaurants as suppliers ofused cooking in Pontianak City . Purposive technique sampling using a sample of 61 house dining,interviewed to obtain alternative data suppliers. Expert survey questionnaire contains priority weightingof criteria and supplier criteria, analyzed using AHP ( Analytic Hierarchy Process ). Grouping ofrestaurants based on alternative supplier values is used to determine good restaurants to besuppliers. The priority criteria for restaurants as consecutive suppliers are experience (0.289), quality(0.279), capacity (0.231), service (0.148) and price (0.053). Sub-criteria priority of restaurants assuppliers in a row is the time span of used cooking oil sold(0.161), length of time used cookingoil (0.155), income (0.129), type of cooking oil (0.107), type of fried food products (0.092), volume ofcooking oil (0.090), frying volume (0.085), transaction convenience (0.082), subject to used cooking oil(0.056), used cooking oil price (0.030) and ease of payment (0.013). A value of ≥ 0.325 is a dining valuethat shows a very better priority as a supplier. The number of restaurants as suppliers is 8 % of thepopulation of restaurants in the city of Pontianak.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN UJI SIFAT FISIK KOMPON PACKING PINTU REBUSAN PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT DARI KARET ALAM DAN KARET SINTETIS Faisal Ab’dau; Busrizal Faizal; Pada Mulia Raja
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 3 No. 2 (2021): Desember 2021
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v3i2.120

Abstract

This study discusses the quality comparison of the rubber compound that will be used as a door sterilizerpacking. To find the best formulation between natural rubber and synthetic rubber, it is necessary to have theright composition so that when used in the packing compound the sterilizer has resistance when used. Theresults of this study can be known as compound number 2 with the composition of NR 36%, SBR 28%, andNBR 36%. with Tensile Strength Value of 10.6168 Kg/cm², Modulus of Elasticity of 1.4499%, Hardness of68.5 Shore A, and Heat Resistance of 118 ° C which is both used for formulations for making sterilizer doorpacking

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