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Jurnal Agro Fabrica
Published by Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia
ISSN : 26564831     EISSN : 26564823     DOI : https://doi.org/10.47199/jaf.v4i2
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
Jurnal Agro Fabrica adalah terbitan ilmiah berkala yang mempublikasikan hasil-hasil penelitian maupun telaah ilmiah dari Dosen, Peneliti, Praktisi maupun mahasiswa. Jurnal ini dikelola LP2M dan Program Studi Teknologi Pengolahan Hasil Perkebunan (TPHP), Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI). Jurnal Agro Fabrica memiliki ISSN 2656-4823 (media online), 2656-4831 (media cetak), frekwensi terbitan 2 edisi setiap tahun yaitu pada bulan Juni dan Desember.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)
Articles 101 Documents
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PENGARUH PROSES NETRALISASI PADA SEMI VIRGIN RED PALM OIL DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN NATRIUM HIDROKSIDA (NaOH) TERHADAP KADAR ALB, KADAR KOTORAN DAN KADAR AIR Mubarokah, Siti; Raja, Pada Mulia; Rahimah; Winardi, Rafael Remit; Fachrizal
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Juni 2024
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v6i1.225

Abstract

This research aims to determine the effect of the sodium hydroxide (NaOH) neutralization process in semi virgin red palm oil on free fatty acid levels, dirt levels and water content. Efforts to obtain the best quality red palm oil can be done by administering sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The method used in this research was a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) using the chemical Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) with concentrations of 3%, 4% and 5% of the sample weight. Each chemical and its concentration was repeated in 3 repetition units. The types of observations carried out are ALB levels, dirt levels, water content. The data obtained were analyzed using the Anova Test and Duncan's Test. The research results show that sodium hydroxide (NaOH) can reduce ALB levels by up to 0.13%. In the Dirt Content parameter, the chemical sodium hydroxide (NaOH) can reduce the dirt content by 0.0024% and in the Water Content parameter, the use of the chemical sodium hydroxide (NaOH) can reduce the water content by up to 0.0027%. With the conclusion that the use of the chemical resist sodium hydroxide as an efficient catalyst in the SVCPO neutralization process.
PENGARUH VARIASI KARAGENAN DAN HFS (HIGH FRUCTOSE SYRUP) TERHADAP PEMBUATAN PERMEN JELLY BERBASIS NIRA KELAPA SAWIT Dovianda, Kevin Tegar; Raja, Pada Mulia; Syukri, Muhammad; Fachrizal
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Juni 2024
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v6i1.226

Abstract

In this study, the utilization of oil palm resources will be carried out. One of them is by using palm sap into jelly candy. The purpose of this study was to study the manufacture of jelly candy based on palm sap and to find out the best composition of Carrageenan and HFS in the manufacture of jelly candy based on palm sap. The stages of this research were starting from sap sampling, making jelly candy, sample testing and data processing. The method used in this study was a factorial completely randomized design (CRD) and consisted of 2 factors, each factor having 3 variations. Carrageenan Factor : K1 : 2 %, K2 : 4 % and K3 : 6 %. HFS factor : H1 : 20 %, H2 : 25 %, H3 : 30%. The test was carried out 3 times. Sample testing includes water content, vitamin c content, and organoleptic tests for aroma, taste and texture. From the results of research conducted on 9 treatments: K1H1, K1H2, K1H3, K2H1, K2H2, K2H3, K3H1, K3H2 and K3H3. The interaction of the addition of carrageenan and HFS has no significant effect on the moisture and vitamin C content of jelly candy based on palm sap. There was no interaction that had a significant effect on the addition of Carrageenan and HFS due to the different functions of the ingredients, Carrageenan served to thicken the jelly candy and HFS served to give a sweet taste to the jelly candy. The higher concentration of Carrageenan given is directly proportional to the high content of reducing ash and the higher concentration of HFS given is directly proportional to the high content of reducing sugar. Organoleptic test of taste and aroma all panelists gave normal assessments for all samples, organoleptic test of sample texture K1H1, K1H2, K1H3, dan K2H1 has an abnormal texture, sample K2H2, K2H3, K3H1, K3H2 dan K3H3 has a normal texture. The best treatment is in the K3H3 treatment, the addition of 6% carrageenan & 30% HFS, with a water content of 19.74%. Ash content 1.73%, Vitamin C 1.05%, Reducing sugar 64.19%, organoleptic test value of aroma (normal), taste (normal) and texture (normal). Key words : Palm Sap, Jelly Candy, Carrageenan, High Fructose Syrup
PENGARUH SISTEM DOUBLE PEAK PEREBUSAN TERHADAP OIL LOSSES DARI AIR KONDENSAT PADA PEREBUSAN VERTIKAL DILIHAT DARI PERBEDAAN SUMBER BUAH YANG DIOLAH OLEH PKS HAPESONG PTPN 3 Aisyah, Siti; Mahyunis; Faisal, Busrizal; Firdaus, Khairin
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Juni 2024
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v6i1.228

Abstract

In the last 10 years, the Palm Oil Mill (PKS) in Indonesia has grown very rapidly. Most of the large names of oil palm plantations have gradually changed throughout Indonesia to oil palm plantations. One of the processes to achieve efficiency in the Palm Oil Mill can be determined in the fruit ripening process. Where the perfection of the ripening process is influenced by the condition of the fruit and the ripening system. One of the problems that need to be faced in the vertical boiling process is the occurrence of losses or also called oil loss in the condensate air. Oil losses can occur due to various factors, including differences in fruit sources processed in the PKS. In this study, a factorial complete randomized planning method will be used which has two factors. The highest losses are in third party fruit/community fruit with a total of 11.04%, and the lowest total losses are in core plantation fruit with a total of 4.8%. The highest oil losses are in third party fruit or community fruit, this is due to the length of time the fruit has been sorted overnight which can cause the fruit to be overripe and also in fruit that is injured by the loader. The results of this analysis show that the double peak system has a significant impact on oil losses to third parties/community members.
ANALISA HUBUNGAN NILAI PERUBAHAN CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND (COD) DAN pH PADA PALM OIL MILL EFFLUENT (POME) DALAM PROSES PEMBUATAN BIOGAS Hafiz, Muhammad; Purwanto, Heri; Rahimah; Giyanto
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Juni 2024
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v6i1.240

Abstract

Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) is abundantly available in the palm oil industry and has significant potential for generating renewable energy, specifically biogas, through the biogasification process. This study investigates the relationship between the reduction of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) values and pH changes in POME during the biogas production process. The study employs a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a single factor and four levels. Data were analyzed over five observation periods spanning 24 days. The results show a significant decrease in COD concentration from 96,300 mg/L on day 0 to 22,720 mg/L on day 24. This reduction is attributed to microbial activity, with Effective Microorganisms (EM4) being used in this research. Additionally, an inverse relationship between pH and COD was observed, where an increase in pH correlated with a decrease in COD. Biogas production also increased over time, with the cumulative biogas volume reaching 5.2 liters on day 24. The study concludes that more alkaline environmental conditions support the activity of microorganisms responsible for COD reduction and higher biogas production. Recommendations for future research include adding parameters such as temperature and Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA), and further investigation into more effective and efficient microorganism seeding. Thus, this research provides insights into the biogasification process and the development of more efficient and sustainable biogas technology.
PENGARUH SUHU PEMANASAN PADA STASIUN KERNEL SILO DRYER TERHADAP MUTU KERNEL DI PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT PT. XYZ Zakwan; Mahyunis; Faisal, Busrizal; Sembiring, Arifa Sura; Noor, Faiz
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Juni 2024
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v6i1.246

Abstract

Oil palm plantations are widespread in Indonesia, triggering the birth of many palm oil processing industries, so that this plant becomes a commodity for the country. Palm oil factories process fresh fruit bunches (FFB) which will later produce crude palm oil (CPO) and palm kernel oil (PKO) as derivative products. Based on my experience and information, kernel processing in PKS cannot be fully maximized. Because many kernels are heated for a very long time so that the cost of production is high, and also many kernels are abandoned, moldy and smell rancid because the quality of the kernel is not fully achieved. In this case, the best processing of the kernel is needed. So that the quality of the kernel can be achieved. In this final assignment, it will be analyzed how the quality of the kernel is if heated with time and temperature below previous research. So that the kernel quality will be obtained according to SNI 01-000201- 1987 with lower energy consumption. This study will use a non-factorial random design method because it only has 1 factor, namely temperature variation (70 OC, 80 OC, and 100 OC).
EFEKTIFITAS PEMANASAN KAMAR ASAP MELALUI DISTRIBUSI UDARA MASUK (FORCED DRIVE FAN/FDF) DAN UDARA KELUAR (INDUCED DRIVE FAN/IDF) PADA PENGOLAHAN KARET LEMBARAN (RIBBED SMOKE SHEET) : REVIEW Faisal, Busrizal; Effendi, Zulham
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 5 No. 1 (2023): Juni 2023
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v5i1.151

Abstract

The smoke chamber used has a capacity of 3,420 kg with a rubber sheet smoking period of five days. Reducing the water content (moisture content) on the rubber sheet is used by heating it with a smoking system. For smoke chamber operations, the fumigation temperature used on the first day is 40 - 45°C, on the second day 45 - 50°C, on the third day 50 - 55°C, on the fourth day 55 - 60°C, and on the fifth day the smoking temperature was maintained at 60°C. FDF and IDF are two air distribution devices, where the FDF functions to blow the air into the smoke chamber and the IDF draws the air into the smoke chamber. The balance between exhaled air and that drawn out of the smoke chamber must be proportional. Too much airflow will collect in the smoke chamber and too much the air withdrawal will affect heat transfer. After installing the FDF and IDF tools, the smoking time is 4 (four) days, so the use of smoked wood (rubber stem wood) is reduced from 3.19 m3 (for 5 days of smoking) to 2.55 m3 (for 4 days of smoking). There is a saving of one operational day. Reducing the use of smoked wood has an impact on processing efficiency. Heat energy from smoking has also increased. Before the installation of the FDF and IDF devices, the amount of heat energy was 64,074 kcal/day (320,372 kcal in 5 days). After installing the FDF and IDF devices, they increase the amount of air / oxygen (O2) in the combustion process so that there is an additional heat energy of 9,461 kcal/day (47,305 kcal in 5 days). The total amount of heat energy produced is 367,677 kcal for 5 (five) days of smoking. FDF and IDF are two air blowers commonly known as blowers with their respective specifications: The FDF used has an electric power of 3 kilowatts (4 horsepower/hp) with a rotation of 1,420 rpm, while the IDF has an electric power of 7.5 kilowatts (10 horsepower/hp). hp) at 1,440 rpm.
ANALISA PERSENTASE KEHILANGAN MINYAK SAWIT PADA AMPAS PRESS DI PTPN VI UNIT USAHA SOLOK SELATAN Siregar, Muhammad Taufik; Effendi, Zulham; Mulyara, Budi; Lubis, Fadli Akbar
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 5 No. 1 (2023): Juni 2023
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v5i1.153

Abstract

Oil palm processing is one of the factors that determine the success of an oil palm plantation business. The Palm Oil Mill (PKS) in the context of the palm oil industry in Indonesia is understood as the unit of extraction of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) and palm kernel from the Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) of oil palm. The Palm Oil Mill (PKS) is the most upstream processing unit in the palm oil processing industry and is a critical point in the economic life cycle of palm fruit in particular and the palm oil industry in general. The purpose of this study was to find out how much percentage of palm oil loss was contained in the dregs of the press and to find out the optimal conditions for the screw press. The high or low percentage of oil loss in the process that occurs is influenced by several factors, namely the condition of the working pressure on the screw press and the capacity of the diluent water. The average percentage of loss of palm oil in the pressing process obtained from the data is June 5.07% with the norm of losses of pressed waste oil of 0.64%, the average of July is 4.92% with the norm of losses of pressed oil of 0, 64%, and an average of 4.98% in August with a normal loss of 0.64% of pressurized oil losses.
PEMBUATAN DAN UJI PADA PAPAN PARTIKEL BERBAHAN BAKU TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN KOMPOSISI BAHAN YANG BERBEDA Sitorus, Tiurma Rotua; Sakiah, Sakiah; Sutanto, Arief Setiawan
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 5 No. 1 (2023): Juni 2023
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v5i1.165

Abstract

This research was conducted to determine the quality of particle board using the raw material of empty palm oil bunches with different compositions. Oil palm is a plantation crop that has an important role in Indonesia today. This plant is a plant that produces vegetable oil and its derivative products. The processing of Empty Palm Oil Bunches (EFB) into particle board as a strategy for utilizing solid waste from palm oil processing was carried out in March - June 2020. Quality tests were carried out to determine the water content, bulk density, and composition ratio of the best OPEFB-polyurethane resin for producing high-quality particle boards. The moisture content of the OPEFB fiber was obtained at 43.34%, while the maximum density and hardness of the Hardness Rockwell Scale B (HRB) can be obtained with a ratio of OPEFB fiber to resin (50: 50) 50% OPEFB and 50% resin with a bulk density of 186.70 gr/cm3 and hardness of 60 HRB. The water content affects the resistance and weight of the contents so it needs to be dried. While the high bulk density affects the particle density thereby increasing the hardness of the material. This research was conducted at the STIPAP Medan Soil and Fertilizer Laboratory and the Medan Industrial Chemical Technology Polytechnic Lab. This research was conducted in March - June 2020. This research was a descriptive study. The parameters observed were moisture content, hardness, and bulk density. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. Based on research conducted, the greater the mass of the board, the higher the weight of the particle board. Meanwhile, the hardness of particle board is influenced by bulk density and moisture content of particle board.
KAJIAN PENGENDALIAN RESIKO KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA DENGAN METODE HAZARD INDENTIFICATION RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK CONTROL ( HIRARC ) DI PT. LANGKAT NUSANTARA KEPONG Mukti, Ismail; Ningsih, Tuty; Sibuea, Ishman L.
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 5 No. 1 (2023): Juni 2023
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v5i1.167

Abstract

PT. Langkat Nusantara Kepong is one of the KSO companies engaged in the oil palm plantation business. In carrying out the operational activities of one PKS unit, PT. Langkat Nusantara Kepong is supported by more than 100 workers who interact directly with machines and other work equipment. Every workplace contains a high potential for hazards, so a prevention and control effort is needed to prevent work accidents. The occurrence of work accidents is caused by the actions of people who do not comply with work safety (unsafe actions) and environmental conditions or processes from unsafe systems (unsafe conditions). Hazard Identification Risk Assessment and Risk Control (HIRARC) is an effort to prevent work accidents and OHS risks. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method which describes the identification and assessment of work risks. Data collection regarding identification and risk assessment was analyzed with HIRARC. HIRARC Results at PKS Gohor Lama PT. Langkat Nusantara Kepong that the highest number of risk levels is at the boiler station.
BIOPLASTIK BERSUMBER BAHAN SELULOSA TANDAN KOSONG (TKKS) DAN PELEPAH KELAPA SAWIT (PKS) Brahmana, Yusuf; Ginting, Muhammad Hendra; Rangkuti, Ika Ucha Pradifta
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): Juni 2021
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v3i1.171

Abstract

One of the environmental problems in Indonesia is plastic waste which is made from synthetic materials. This synthetic plastic waste is very difficult to decompose in the soil and takes 300-500 years to completely decompose. Therefore, bioplastic is an alternative to this problem. The purpose of this journal review is to calculate the cellulose potential of empty bunches (EFB) and oil palm midribs (PKS) through several processes, namely the delignification process and the bleaching process. ) 31.7%. So it can be said that empty fruit bunch cellulose (TKKS) and palm fronds (PKS) have enormous potential to meet the needs of bioplastic raw materials.

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