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Jurnal Agro Fabrica
Published by Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia
ISSN : 26564831     EISSN : 26564823     DOI : https://doi.org/10.47199/jaf.v4i2
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
Jurnal Agro Fabrica adalah terbitan ilmiah berkala yang mempublikasikan hasil-hasil penelitian maupun telaah ilmiah dari Dosen, Peneliti, Praktisi maupun mahasiswa. Jurnal ini dikelola LP2M dan Program Studi Teknologi Pengolahan Hasil Perkebunan (TPHP), Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI). Jurnal Agro Fabrica memiliki ISSN 2656-4823 (media online), 2656-4831 (media cetak), frekwensi terbitan 2 edisi setiap tahun yaitu pada bulan Juni dan Desember.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)
Articles 101 Documents
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KAJIAN PERBEDAAN METODE APLIKASI KALSIUM KARBIDA 250 mg/L TERHADAP KECEPATAN PEMBRONDOLAN SERTA NILAI DOBI, KAROTEN DAN VITAMIN E PADA TANDAN BUAH SEGAR DI STIP-AP MEDAN Samosir, Jojor Indriani; Giyanto, Giyanto; Aisyah, Siti; Mulyara, Budi
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022): Juni 2022
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v4i1.177

Abstract

Semi Virgin Crude Palm Oil (SVCPO) is the palm oil product that is managed from raw material TBS palm oil that given treatment using chemical material like etephone and calcium carbide. The TBS was treated by using simple tools and short processing, with minimum treatment with temperature that was already modified. The purpose of the research is to develop the managing process of CPO that maintain the quality of minor component with DOBI value that is produced by acceleration technic variation in managing the palm fruit. The research was done in Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Pertanian Agrobisnis Perkebunan (STIP-AP). The research time was done during January until August 2016. The research uses the Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) method, by giving chemical material to the raw material TBS by method treatment like spray, injection, and combination. The result of the research shows that SVCPO has carotene ranges 506-1044 Ppm, E vitamin ranges 509-771 Ppm, and DOBI ranges 2,47-3,61. Etephone and calcium carbide material give the real effect if it is looked from the method, and give the unreal effect if it is looked from the chemical material concentration. So it is concluded that inside this research method that the best to DOBI and E vitamin is injection method.
OPTIMASI NIRA SAWIT DALAM PEMBUATAN MINUMAN SINBIOTIK DENGAN TAMBAHAN INULIN DAN KULTUR BAKTERI LACTOBACILLUS CASEI Rinaldi, Wahyu; Raja, Pada Mulia; Syukri, Muhammad; Maharani, Rhyna; Rangkuti, Ika Ucha Pradifta
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022): Juni 2022
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v4i1.178

Abstract

Oil palm trunks can produce quite a lot of sap water, which is approximately 10 per day for 1 month for 1 oil palm tree that is uprooted, currently, there is not much optimal processing of palm oil with an economical selling price, for this reason, it is necessary to develop functional foods. This study aims to determine whether palm sap can be used in the manufacture of symbiotic beverage products with optimum chemical, microbiological and organoleptic qualities. The study was arranged using a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method with 3 treatments of incubation time, namely 12 hours, 24 hours, and 36 hours with each treatment using 6 replications so that 18 experiments were carried out. The best treatment by SNI 2981:2009 was obtained at an incubation time of 24 hours, namely with a pH of 5.2, water content is 82.50%, total dissolved solids is 17.33%, the lactic acid content is 0.81%, a total lactic acid bacteria of 2.8 x 108 and produces a minimum dense texture with sufficient acidity. The organoleptic aspect of taste and aroma at 24 hours of incubation time was favored or acceptable to consumers with a taste score of 3.3b and aroma of 3.3ab (scale 1-5) in the hedonic rating test. Meanwhile, at 36 hours of incubation, consumers did not like it with a taste score of 2.2a and aroma of 2.1a. This is because the longer the fermentation time can increase the acidity of the product which causes the distinctive taste and aroma of palm sap to increase.
PEMANFAATAN SOLID EX-DECANTER DALAM PEMBUATAN ROTI SOLID DENGAN TAMBAHAN ONGGOK SEBAGAI PAKAN TERNAK RUMINANSIA Munthe, Mandala Putra; Purwanto, Heri; Giyanto, Giyanto
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022): Juni 2022
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v4i1.180

Abstract

Solid bread is ruminant feed made from solid ex-decanter that has gone through a mixing process with local ingredients and has been molded into a circle so that it looks like bread and is referred to as solid bread. This study uses experimental methods. Consists of 3 levels of treatment, namely: without fermentation, 7 days of fermentation, and 14 days of solid fermentation using EM-4. The addition of local ingredients, namely cassava (onggok), palm kernel meal, molasses, salt, and lime can help the nutritional content of solid bread to conform to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). The parameters tested in this study were: crude protein (PK), crude fat (LK), crude fiber (SK), ash, calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and water. Unfermented solid bread contains 14.05% crude protein, 9.23% crude fat, 20.46% crude fiber, 5.10% ash, 0.8097% calcium, 0.744% phosphorus, 8.17% water. The 7-day fermented solid bread contains 22.79% crude protein, 8.04% crude fat, 12.27% crude fiber, 4.20% ash, 0.8931% calcium, 0.794% phosphorus, 8.98% water. Fermented solid bread for 14 days contains 28.20% crude protein, 7.87% crude fat, 9.32% crude fiber, 3.82% ash, 0.9378% calcium, 0.829% phosphorus, 9.56% water. The results of this study indicate that several treatments, namely non-fermented, fermented for 7 days, fermented for 14 days, and some of the nutritional content of solid bread have met SNI. Crude protein, crude fiber, ash, calcium, and water content meet SNI but some do not meet SNI such as crude fat, and phosphorus in 7-day fermentation and 14-day fermentation. In non-fermentation, phosphorus has met SNI.
PENGARUH APLIKASI ASAP CAIR CANGKANG KELAPA SAWIT PADA TANDAN BUAH SEGAR TERHADAP KUALITAS MUTU CPO (CRUDE PALM OIL) Ramadhani, Edo; Giyanto, Giyanto; Purwanto, Her
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022): Juni 2022
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v4i1.181

Abstract

The results showed that liquid smoke grade 2 of palm oil shells were able to reduce the content of free fatty acids in crude palm oil. The results of the best free fatty acid levels found in the sample of the spray treatment method decreased by 0.38% and the combination decreased by 0.52%, the results obtained were greatly decreased and met the Indonesian National Standard 01-2901-2006. The water content and dirt content produced are still very high, the lowest average water content is obtained by sample B2 with a result of 0.94% and the highest average result is obtained by sample A, which is 0.99% and the result of dirt content with an average result The lowest average was obtained by sample B with a result of 1.38% and the highest average result was obtained by sample B2 with an average result of 4.2%. The results of high water content and dirt content were caused by obtaining crude palm oil by pressing using a manual tool with a cloth so the results obtained did not meet the Indonesian National Standard 01-2901-2006, namely 0.5%. Then the results of DOBI levels (Deterioritation Of Bleachability Index) were obtained with the lowest result of 2.56 from the results of sample B1 and the highest result of 2.25 ppm from the results of B3, if it is associated with the quality of the oil obtained is still not sufficient, it is still not meeting the standards set. determined by PORIM (Palm Oil Research Institute of Malaysia) which is 2.36 – 3.24. For the level of carotene produced, it is still not enough, namely, the lowest average result is 4.26 ppm from sample B3 and the highest average result is obtained by sample A, which is 488 ppm, so it still does not meet the quality standards of carotene parameters according to Palm Oil Refiners. Association of Malaysia (PORAM) which is 500 - 700 ppm.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI LARUTAN PEMUTIH H2O2 TERHADAP MUTU KERTAS BERBAHAN BAKU LIMBAH PADAT PELEPAH KELAPA SAWIT Maulana, Adika Tito; Giyanto, Giyanto; Purjianto, Purjianto
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 5 No. 1 (2023): Juni 2023
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v5i1.183

Abstract

In general, solid waste from the palm oil industry contains high organic matter, which has an impact on environmental pollution. Improper handling of waste will pollute the environment. Various efforts have been made to process and increase the economic value of palm oil solid waste. Palm oil waste is the residue from the oil palm plant which is not included in the main product or is a by-product of the palm oil processing process, either in the form of solid waste or liquid waste. Oil palm solid waste can be in the form of empty fruit bunches, shells, bfiber and palm fronds. This research was carried out as an innovation from the previous research process with a differentiator, namely palm fronds, which in previous studies used empty palm oil bunches as raw material. In this study, hydrogen peroxide was used as a factor to determine the quality of paper made from palm fronds. Bleaching is a process of removing the color contained in the fiber due to the presence of lignin in the pulp with the help of chemicals. With three different concentration treatments aimed to determine the difference in the degree of whiteness, grammage and moisture content of the paper. Based on the results of the analysis of variance, it showed that the effect was significantly different on the concentration of the bleach solution (H2O2) with a variation of the concentration of 8% on the grammage with the highest grammage of 4% and 6% concentrations, and also had the lowest water content but at a concentration of (H2O2) 4% and 6% have higher water content.
ANALISA KEHILANGAN PANAS SECARA KONDUKSI PADA SALURAN STEAM (PIPA) DARI TURBIN KE BACK PRESSURE VESSEL (BPV) PADA PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT (PKS) KAPASITAS 45 TON/JAM Andika, Wahyu; Mulyara, Budi; Effendi, Zulham; Sembiring, Arifa Sura
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): Desember 2023
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v5i2.198

Abstract

The Palm Oil Factory (PKS) is a factory that operates to process Fresh Fruit Bunches/FFB into several products, the main products of the palm oil factory are Crude Palm Oil (CPO) and Palm Kernel Oil (PKO). This research aims to measure temperature temperature in the distribution pipe between the turbine and the back pressure vessel which uses the observation method by observing directly. The results of this research show that on T1 on the first day the temperature was 161.5°C, on the second day there was a fairly low temperature drop at 142°C, on T2 it was not far from T1, on T3 there was a decrease in temperature in the boiler and at T4 there is a fairly low decrease and increase in temperature. Researcher Manarik concluded that a decrease in temperature between the distribution pipe between the turbine and the Back Pressure Vessel is a common occurrence in palm oil mills, and this can affect the operational efficiency and performance of the mill. Therefore, this research aims to determine the loss of heat energy. by conduction in the steam distribution pipe entitled "Analysis of Heat Loss by Conduction in the Steam Channel (Pipe) from the Turbine to the Back Pressure Vessel in a Palm Oil Mill (PKS) with a Capacity of 45 Tons/Hour"
REGENERASI KATION DAN ANION UNTUK PENURUNAN MINERAL AIR UMPAN BOILER DI UNIT PENGOLAHAN AIR PT BAKRIE SUMATERA PLANTATIONS, Tbk PALM OIL MILL KISARAN Kurniawan, Muhammad; Effendi, Zulham; Purjianto, Purjianto
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): Desember 2023
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v5i2.200

Abstract

Water is a crucial factor in ensuring smooth and high-quality production in palm oil mills. Minerals present in water can lead to scale formation, sedimentation, and equipment corrosion. Therefore, the demineralization process with cation and anion regeneration is beneficial to maintain water quality in accordance with op- erational standards. Water plays a vital role in the industrial sector; boilers, as primary steam generators, transform water into vapor through heating. However, operating without good water quality can result in issues like scale formation and corrosion. In water treatment processes, chemical substances are required for purification, such as Nalco 3276 for flocculation and Nalco 8173 for flocculant retention. The mineral content in water also affects chemical reactions, such as causing scale formation in boilers and influencing reaction processes. Demineral- ization is frequently employed across various industrial sectors, including palm oil mills, to treat boiler feedwater and other raw materials. Maintaining stable boiler feedwater usage by controlling pH and total hardness prevents problems in pipelines. This research focuses on cation and anion regeneration to reduce min- eral content in boiler feedwater at PT. Bakrie Sumatera Plantations, Tbk Palm Oil Mill Kisaran, with the aim to analyze the regeneration process using H2SO4 and NaOH dosages and identify factors causing issues during regeneration.
ANALISA PERFORMANCE THRESER DI PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT (PKS) PTPN V SEI GARO DENGAN METODE OVERALL EQUIPMENT EFFECTIVINESS (OEE) DAN 5S Mahyunis, Mahyunis; Effendi, Zulham; Tinambunan, Levi Rentiana
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): Desember 2023
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v5i2.202

Abstract

This study aims to analyze things that support the performance of thresher in palm oil mills, determine thresher performance with Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) and 5S methods in palm oil mills and analyze and provide solutions to improve thresher performance with a Total Productive Maintenance approach using the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) method and 5S on thresher in palm oil mills.. This research was conducted with descriptive and qualitative methods in improving the production performance of threser machines to determine the problems of threser machines that cause a decrease in machine productivity by analysis and discussion. Based on the results of the analysis and description of OEE measurement results in the PTPN V Sei Garo Threser machine, Measurement of the level of machine effectiveness using the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) method at PTPN V Sei Garo obtained the largest percentage of OEE on the Thresher machine at 91.66% and the lowest at 878.79%. The factors that have the largest percentage of six big losses on thresher machines are Idling and Minor Stoppage Losses of 1% and Equipment Faillure Losses of 0.37%.
PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL DARI BATANG KELAPA SAWIT (Elais Guineensis Jacq.) MELALUI PROSES PRETREATMENT MENGGUNAKAN H2SO4 DAN FERMENTASI MENGGUNAKAN RAGI ROTI (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) Giyanto; Saragih, Sri Wahyuna; Rahimah
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): Desember 2023
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v5i2.203

Abstract

Unproductive oil palm stems can produce Umbut which is the raw material for bioethanol production. In general, the production process of bioethanol from lignocellulosic materials includes oil palm stalks. The bioethanol production process goes through several stages of physical, chemical or biological pretreatment, polymer saccharification, sugar fermentation, and ethanol separation and purification. This study aims to determine the production of bioethanol from oil palm stems (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq) through a pretreatment process using H2S04 and fermentation using baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The method used in this study was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) Non Factorial with 3 treatment levels and 1 control, and 3 repetitions (Triplo) with a total sample of 12 samples. The resulting bioethanol is then tested (moisture  content,  yield,  and  pH).  The  resulting  data  were  analyzed  using ANOVA and Duncan's test. Based on the results of this study, the best treatment was found in the H0 treatment with a yield of 34.5%, 1.52% moisture content and 5,6 % pH
PEMBUATAN SABUN CUCI TANGAN CAIR BERBASIS BERBAGAI MERK MINYAK ZAITUN DENGAN PENAMBAHAN MINYAK ATSIRI SEREH WANGI (CYMBOPOGON WINTERIANUS JOWITT) Aisyah, Siti; Raja, Pada Mulia; Purwanto, Heri
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): Desember 2023
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v5i2.210

Abstract

Soap is a product that functions as a cleaner and wash. Hand washing soap in the form of a solution (liquid) is preferred because it looks more attractive and is more practical. Liquid Soap Liquid soap is made through a saponification process using oil and using alkali (KOH). Olive oil contains α-tocopherol (vitamin E) and β-carotene which function as antioxidants. The use of essential oils is good in making perfume, cosmetics, medicines, soap and fragrances, essential oils function as a fixative. The essential oils used are generally patchouli oil, citronella oil, vetiver oil and sandalwood oil. This research aims to make liquid hand washing soap based on various brands of olive oil with the addition of citronella essential oil. The liquid hand washing soap produced is in accordance with SNI, where olive oil-based liquid hand washing soap with brands "B" and "C" has a normal pH, namely 7.03 and 6.98, while brand "A" has a slightly acidic pH, namely 6.01 and brand “D” has a slightly alkaline pH, namely 7.95. The specific gravity produced by brand "A" is 1,027 g/ml, brands "B", "C" and "D" are 1,024 g/ml, 1,096 g/ml and 1,099 g/ml. The liquid hand washing soap based on olive oil with the addition of citronella essential oil produced does not contain microbes with the clean power of brand "B" being higher at 191 FTU turbidity compared to brand "A" at 173 FTU turbidity, brand "C" at 166 FTU turbidity and the “D” brand only has 122 FTU turbidity.

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