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Jurnal Agro Fabrica
Published by Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia
ISSN : 26564831     EISSN : 26564823     DOI : https://doi.org/10.47199/jaf.v4i2
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
Jurnal Agro Fabrica adalah terbitan ilmiah berkala yang mempublikasikan hasil-hasil penelitian maupun telaah ilmiah dari Dosen, Peneliti, Praktisi maupun mahasiswa. Jurnal ini dikelola LP2M dan Program Studi Teknologi Pengolahan Hasil Perkebunan (TPHP), Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI). Jurnal Agro Fabrica memiliki ISSN 2656-4823 (media online), 2656-4831 (media cetak), frekwensi terbitan 2 edisi setiap tahun yaitu pada bulan Juni dan Desember.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)
Articles 101 Documents
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ANALISA KEHILANGAN PANAS SECARA KONDUKSI PADA SALURAN STEAM (PIPA) DARI TURBIN KE BACK PRESSURE VESSEL (BPV) PADA PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT (PKS) KAPASITAS 45 TON/JAM Andika, Wahyu; Mulyara, Budi; Effendi, Zulham; Sembiring, Arifa Sura
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): Desember 2023
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v5i2.198

Abstract

The Palm Oil Factory (PKS) is a factory that operates to process Fresh Fruit Bunches/FFB into several products, the main products of the palm oil factory are Crude Palm Oil (CPO) and Palm Kernel Oil (PKO). This research aims to measure temperature temperature in the distribution pipe between the turbine and the back pressure vessel which uses the observation method by observing directly. The results of this research show that on T1 on the first day the temperature was 161.5°C, on the second day there was a fairly low temperature drop at 142°C, on T2 it was not far from T1, on T3 there was a decrease in temperature in the boiler and at T4 there is a fairly low decrease and increase in temperature. Researcher Manarik concluded that a decrease in temperature between the distribution pipe between the turbine and the Back Pressure Vessel is a common occurrence in palm oil mills, and this can affect the operational efficiency and performance of the mill. Therefore, this research aims to determine the loss of heat energy. by conduction in the steam distribution pipe entitled "Analysis of Heat Loss by Conduction in the Steam Channel (Pipe) from the Turbine to the Back Pressure Vessel in a Palm Oil Mill (PKS) with a Capacity of 45 Tons/Hour"
REGENERASI KATION DAN ANION UNTUK PENURUNAN MINERAL AIR UMPAN BOILER DI UNIT PENGOLAHAN AIR PT BAKRIE SUMATERA PLANTATIONS, Tbk PALM OIL MILL KISARAN Kurniawan, Muhammad; Effendi, Zulham; Purjianto, Purjianto
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): Desember 2023
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v5i2.200

Abstract

Water is a crucial factor in ensuring smooth and high-quality production in palm oil mills. Minerals present in water can lead to scale formation, sedimentation, and equipment corrosion. Therefore, the demineralization process with cation and anion regeneration is beneficial to maintain water quality in accordance with op- erational standards. Water plays a vital role in the industrial sector; boilers, as primary steam generators, transform water into vapor through heating. However, operating without good water quality can result in issues like scale formation and corrosion. In water treatment processes, chemical substances are required for purification, such as Nalco 3276 for flocculation and Nalco 8173 for flocculant retention. The mineral content in water also affects chemical reactions, such as causing scale formation in boilers and influencing reaction processes. Demineral- ization is frequently employed across various industrial sectors, including palm oil mills, to treat boiler feedwater and other raw materials. Maintaining stable boiler feedwater usage by controlling pH and total hardness prevents problems in pipelines. This research focuses on cation and anion regeneration to reduce min- eral content in boiler feedwater at PT. Bakrie Sumatera Plantations, Tbk Palm Oil Mill Kisaran, with the aim to analyze the regeneration process using H2SO4 and NaOH dosages and identify factors causing issues during regeneration.
ANALISA PERFORMANCE THRESER DI PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT (PKS) PTPN V SEI GARO DENGAN METODE OVERALL EQUIPMENT EFFECTIVINESS (OEE) DAN 5S Mahyunis, Mahyunis; Effendi, Zulham; Tinambunan, Levi Rentiana
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): Desember 2023
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v5i2.202

Abstract

This study aims to analyze things that support the performance of thresher in palm oil mills, determine thresher performance with Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) and 5S methods in palm oil mills and analyze and provide solutions to improve thresher performance with a Total Productive Maintenance approach using the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) method and 5S on thresher in palm oil mills.. This research was conducted with descriptive and qualitative methods in improving the production performance of threser machines to determine the problems of threser machines that cause a decrease in machine productivity by analysis and discussion. Based on the results of the analysis and description of OEE measurement results in the PTPN V Sei Garo Threser machine, Measurement of the level of machine effectiveness using the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) method at PTPN V Sei Garo obtained the largest percentage of OEE on the Thresher machine at 91.66% and the lowest at 878.79%. The factors that have the largest percentage of six big losses on thresher machines are Idling and Minor Stoppage Losses of 1% and Equipment Faillure Losses of 0.37%.
PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL DARI BATANG KELAPA SAWIT (Elais Guineensis Jacq.) MELALUI PROSES PRETREATMENT MENGGUNAKAN H2SO4 DAN FERMENTASI MENGGUNAKAN RAGI ROTI (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) Giyanto; Saragih, Sri Wahyuna; Rahimah
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): Desember 2023
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v5i2.203

Abstract

Unproductive oil palm stems can produce Umbut which is the raw material for bioethanol production. In general, the production process of bioethanol from lignocellulosic materials includes oil palm stalks. The bioethanol production process goes through several stages of physical, chemical or biological pretreatment, polymer saccharification, sugar fermentation, and ethanol separation and purification. This study aims to determine the production of bioethanol from oil palm stems (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq) through a pretreatment process using H2S04 and fermentation using baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The method used in this study was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) Non Factorial with 3 treatment levels and 1 control, and 3 repetitions (Triplo) with a total sample of 12 samples. The resulting bioethanol is then tested (moisture  content,  yield,  and  pH).  The  resulting  data  were  analyzed  using ANOVA and Duncan's test. Based on the results of this study, the best treatment was found in the H0 treatment with a yield of 34.5%, 1.52% moisture content and 5,6 % pH
PEMBUATAN SABUN CUCI TANGAN CAIR BERBASIS BERBAGAI MERK MINYAK ZAITUN DENGAN PENAMBAHAN MINYAK ATSIRI SEREH WANGI (CYMBOPOGON WINTERIANUS JOWITT) Aisyah, Siti; Raja, Pada Mulia; Purwanto, Heri
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): Desember 2023
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v5i2.210

Abstract

Soap is a product that functions as a cleaner and wash. Hand washing soap in the form of a solution (liquid) is preferred because it looks more attractive and is more practical. Liquid Soap Liquid soap is made through a saponification process using oil and using alkali (KOH). Olive oil contains α-tocopherol (vitamin E) and β-carotene which function as antioxidants. The use of essential oils is good in making perfume, cosmetics, medicines, soap and fragrances, essential oils function as a fixative. The essential oils used are generally patchouli oil, citronella oil, vetiver oil and sandalwood oil. This research aims to make liquid hand washing soap based on various brands of olive oil with the addition of citronella essential oil. The liquid hand washing soap produced is in accordance with SNI, where olive oil-based liquid hand washing soap with brands "B" and "C" has a normal pH, namely 7.03 and 6.98, while brand "A" has a slightly acidic pH, namely 6.01 and brand “D” has a slightly alkaline pH, namely 7.95. The specific gravity produced by brand "A" is 1,027 g/ml, brands "B", "C" and "D" are 1,024 g/ml, 1,096 g/ml and 1,099 g/ml. The liquid hand washing soap based on olive oil with the addition of citronella essential oil produced does not contain microbes with the clean power of brand "B" being higher at 191 FTU turbidity compared to brand "A" at 173 FTU turbidity, brand "C" at 166 FTU turbidity and the “D” brand only has 122 FTU turbidity.
PENGARUH PROSES NETRALISASI PADA SEMI VIRGIN RED PALM OIL DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN NATRIUM HIDROKSIDA (NaOH) TERHADAP KADAR ALB, KADAR KOTORAN DAN KADAR AIR Mubarokah, Siti; Raja, Pada Mulia; Rahimah; Winardi, Rafael Remit; Fachrizal
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Juni 2024
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v6i1.225

Abstract

This research aims to determine the effect of the sodium hydroxide (NaOH) neutralization process in semi virgin red palm oil on free fatty acid levels, dirt levels and water content. Efforts to obtain the best quality red palm oil can be done by administering sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The method used in this research was a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) using the chemical Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) with concentrations of 3%, 4% and 5% of the sample weight. Each chemical and its concentration was repeated in 3 repetition units. The types of observations carried out are ALB levels, dirt levels, water content. The data obtained were analyzed using the Anova Test and Duncan's Test. The research results show that sodium hydroxide (NaOH) can reduce ALB levels by up to 0.13%. In the Dirt Content parameter, the chemical sodium hydroxide (NaOH) can reduce the dirt content by 0.0024% and in the Water Content parameter, the use of the chemical sodium hydroxide (NaOH) can reduce the water content by up to 0.0027%. With the conclusion that the use of the chemical resist sodium hydroxide as an efficient catalyst in the SVCPO neutralization process.
PENGARUH VARIASI KARAGENAN DAN HFS (HIGH FRUCTOSE SYRUP) TERHADAP PEMBUATAN PERMEN JELLY BERBASIS NIRA KELAPA SAWIT Dovianda, Kevin Tegar; Raja, Pada Mulia; Syukri, Muhammad; Fachrizal
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Juni 2024
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v6i1.226

Abstract

In this study, the utilization of oil palm resources will be carried out. One of them is by using palm sap into jelly candy. The purpose of this study was to study the manufacture of jelly candy based on palm sap and to find out the best composition of Carrageenan and HFS in the manufacture of jelly candy based on palm sap. The stages of this research were starting from sap sampling, making jelly candy, sample testing and data processing. The method used in this study was a factorial completely randomized design (CRD) and consisted of 2 factors, each factor having 3 variations. Carrageenan Factor : K1 : 2 %, K2 : 4 % and K3 : 6 %. HFS factor : H1 : 20 %, H2 : 25 %, H3 : 30%. The test was carried out 3 times. Sample testing includes water content, vitamin c content, and organoleptic tests for aroma, taste and texture. From the results of research conducted on 9 treatments: K1H1, K1H2, K1H3, K2H1, K2H2, K2H3, K3H1, K3H2 and K3H3. The interaction of the addition of carrageenan and HFS has no significant effect on the moisture and vitamin C content of jelly candy based on palm sap. There was no interaction that had a significant effect on the addition of Carrageenan and HFS due to the different functions of the ingredients, Carrageenan served to thicken the jelly candy and HFS served to give a sweet taste to the jelly candy. The higher concentration of Carrageenan given is directly proportional to the high content of reducing ash and the higher concentration of HFS given is directly proportional to the high content of reducing sugar. Organoleptic test of taste and aroma all panelists gave normal assessments for all samples, organoleptic test of sample texture K1H1, K1H2, K1H3, dan K2H1 has an abnormal texture, sample K2H2, K2H3, K3H1, K3H2 dan K3H3 has a normal texture. The best treatment is in the K3H3 treatment, the addition of 6% carrageenan & 30% HFS, with a water content of 19.74%. Ash content 1.73%, Vitamin C 1.05%, Reducing sugar 64.19%, organoleptic test value of aroma (normal), taste (normal) and texture (normal). Key words : Palm Sap, Jelly Candy, Carrageenan, High Fructose Syrup
PENGARUH SISTEM DOUBLE PEAK PEREBUSAN TERHADAP OIL LOSSES DARI AIR KONDENSAT PADA PEREBUSAN VERTIKAL DILIHAT DARI PERBEDAAN SUMBER BUAH YANG DIOLAH OLEH PKS HAPESONG PTPN 3 Aisyah, Siti; Mahyunis; Faisal, Busrizal; Nasution, Khairin Firdaus Marajoki
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Juni 2024
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v6i1.228

Abstract

In the last 10 years, the Palm Oil Mill (PKS) in Indonesia has grown very rapidly. Most of the large names of oil palm plantations have gradually changed throughout Indonesia to oil palm plantations. One of the processes to achieve efficiency in the Palm Oil Mill can be determined in the fruit ripening process. Where the perfection of the ripening process is influenced by the condition of the fruit and the ripening system. One of the problems that need to be faced in the vertical boiling process is the occurrence of losses or also called oil loss in the condensate air. Oil losses can occur due to various factors, including differences in fruit sources processed in the PKS. In this study, a factorial complete randomized planning method will be used which has two factors. The highest losses are in third party fruit/community fruit with a total of 11.04%, and the lowest total losses are in core plantation fruit with a total of 4.8%. The highest oil losses are in third party fruit or community fruit, this is due to the length of time the fruit has been sorted overnight which can cause the fruit to be overripe and also in fruit that is injured by the loader. The results of this analysis show that the double peak system has a significant impact on oil losses to third parties/community members.
ANALISA HUBUNGAN NILAI PERUBAHAN CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND (COD) DAN pH PADA PALM OIL MILL EFFLUENT (POME) DALAM PROSES PEMBUATAN BIOGAS Hafiz, Muhammad; Purwanto, Heri; Rahimah; Giyanto
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Juni 2024
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v6i1.240

Abstract

Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) is abundantly available in the palm oil industry and has significant potential for generating renewable energy, specifically biogas, through the biogasification process. This study investigates the relationship between the reduction of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) values and pH changes in POME during the biogas production process. The study employs a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a single factor and four levels. Data were analyzed over five observation periods spanning 24 days. The results show a significant decrease in COD concentration from 96,300 mg/L on day 0 to 22,720 mg/L on day 24. This reduction is attributed to microbial activity, with Effective Microorganisms (EM4) being used in this research. Additionally, an inverse relationship between pH and COD was observed, where an increase in pH correlated with a decrease in COD. Biogas production also increased over time, with the cumulative biogas volume reaching 5.2 liters on day 24. The study concludes that more alkaline environmental conditions support the activity of microorganisms responsible for COD reduction and higher biogas production. Recommendations for future research include adding parameters such as temperature and Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA), and further investigation into more effective and efficient microorganism seeding. Thus, this research provides insights into the biogasification process and the development of more efficient and sustainable biogas technology.
PENGARUH SUHU PEMANASAN PADA STASIUN KERNEL SILO DRYER TERHADAP MUTU KERNEL DI PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT PT. XYZ Zakwan; Mahyunis; Faisal, Busrizal; Sembiring, Arifa Sura; Noor, Faiz
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Juni 2024
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v6i1.246

Abstract

Oil palm plantations are widespread in Indonesia, triggering the birth of many palm oil processing industries, so that this plant becomes a commodity for the country. Palm oil factories process fresh fruit bunches (FFB) which will later produce crude palm oil (CPO) and palm kernel oil (PKO) as derivative products. Based on my experience and information, kernel processing in PKS cannot be fully maximized. Because many kernels are heated for a very long time so that the cost of production is high, and also many kernels are abandoned, moldy and smell rancid because the quality of the kernel is not fully achieved. In this case, the best processing of the kernel is needed. So that the quality of the kernel can be achieved. In this final assignment, it will be analyzed how the quality of the kernel is if heated with time and temperature below previous research. So that the kernel quality will be obtained according to SNI 01-000201- 1987 with lower energy consumption. This study will use a non-factorial random design method because it only has 1 factor, namely temperature variation (70 OC, 80 OC, and 100 OC).

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