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Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
ISSN : 14124734     EISSN : 24078646     DOI : 10.15408
Core Subject : Religion, Social,
Religion Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
Focus and Scope FOCUS This journal focused on Islamic Studies and present developments through the publication of articles and research reports. SCOPE Ahkam specializes on islamic law, and is intended to communicate original research and current issues on the subject. This journal warmly welcomes contributions from scholars of related disciplines. Fatwa; Islamic Economic Law; Islamic Family Law; Islamic Legal Administration; Islamic Jurisprudence; Islamic Law and Politics; Islamic Legal and Judicial Education; Comparative Islamic Law; Islamic Law and Gender; Islamic Law and Contemporary Issues; Islamic Law and Society; Islamic Criminal Law
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 378 Documents
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THE STATE AS AN ESSENTIAL VALUE (ḌARŪRIYYĀT) OF THE MAQĀṢID AL-SHARĪ‘AH Saim Kayadibi
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 19, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v19i1.6256

Abstract

Muslim scholars have mainly considered the maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah within three categories: ḍarūriyyāt (the essentials), ḥājiyyāt (the complementaries) and tahsīniyyāt (the desirables or the embellishments). The concept of maṣlaḥah is meant to protect the maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah (the higher objectives of sharī‘ah), which consist of seven essential values, namely religion, life, intellect, lineage, wealth, honour and state, all of which promote the people’s welfare and prevent all kind of evils. They are considered essentials because neglecting them would cause total social disruption and anarchy. Even though classical scholars considered the darūriyyāt to be six in number, this article suggests that the value of “state” be added to this list. The values in the darūriyyāt category must be upheld and protected from any real or unexpected threats either by maintaining the essentials or removing the disruption. The concept of state is just as essential as the other six values, for without it, all of them would be endangered and considered incomplete. Therefore, the “state” value guarantees the continued existence of other values. In this paper, the author argues that this value should be regarded as a seventh essential value. Para cendekiawan Muslim  telah mempertimbangkan maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah dalam tiga kategori: ūarūriyyāt (esensi), ḥājiyyāt (pelengkap) dan tahsīniyyāt (keinginan atau hiasan). Konsep maṣlaḥat dimaksudkan untuk melindungi maqāṣid al-sharī'ah (tujuan yang lebih tinggi dari syariat), yang terdiri dari tujuh nilai esensial, yaitu agama, kehidupan, kecerdasan, garis keturunan, kekayaan, kehormatan dan negara. Semuanya bermaksud kesejahteraan rakyat dan mencegah semua jenis kejahatan. Mengabaikan hal itu akan menyebabkan gangguan sosial dan anarki total. Meskipun para sarjana klasik menganggap darūriyyāt berjumlah enam, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai "negara" ditambahkan ke daftar ini. Nilai-nilai dalam kategori itu harus dijunjung tinggi dan dilindungi dari ancaman nyata atau tidak terduga, baik dengan mempertahankan esensi atau menghilangkan gangguan. Konsep negara sama pentingnya dengan enam nilai lainnya, karena tanpa itu, semuanya akan terancam dan dianggap tidak lengkap. Oleh karena itu, nilai “negara” menjamin keberlanjutan keberadaan nilai-nilai lain. Peneliti  berpendapat bahwa nilai ini harus dianggap sebagai nilai esensial ketujuh. 
أحكام الحكرة والإحتكار في معاملات المالية دراسة المقارنة بين أراء الفقهاء والمحدثين Desmadi Saharudin
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 15, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v15i2.2870

Abstract

Trade transactions conducted to gain an advantage in bad ways is prohibited by Islamic Law. It is a sin or despotic practice when someone saves a commodity not to be sold and reduced the availability of existing goods market and cause the expensiveness of shortages. Then prices could also be rising because of increasing demand on certain commodities, even there is no scarcity.Someone is allowed to store his belongings to the extent desired time and then sell when the price is already more expensive in order to make a profit.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v15i2.2870
Analisis Pendekatan Teks dan Konteks dalam Penentuan Pembagian Waris Islam Khaeron Sirin
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 13, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v13i2.941

Abstract

Abstract: Analysis of a Text and Context Approach within the Formulation of Islamic Inheritance Distributions. For about fourteen centuries Islamic inheritance law has always been regarded as a qat‘î doctrine which covers for ijtihad and should be taken for granted. However, changes and developments over time, the existence of Islamic inheritance in the Quran have started to be claimed. To some liberalists and feminist activists, the law on Islamic inheritance is a product of salaf scholars to be regarded as rules that tend to be discriminative—just like the discrediting and prejudicing the rights of women—and not oriented towards human justice. Therefore, the provisions of Islamic inheritance need to be reviewed, even deconstructed by considering the social development of society.Keywords: Islamic law, justice, inheritance, tafsîrAbstraksi: Analisis Pendekatan Teks dan Konteks dalam Penentuan Pembagian Waris Islam. Selama lebih kurang empat belas abad hukum kewarisan Islam selalu dianggap sebagai doktrin yang bersifat qat‘î yang menutup rapat ruang ijtihad dan harus diterima secara taken for granted. Namun seiring perubahan dan perkembangan zaman, eksistensi hukum kewarisan Islam dalam Alquran mulai digugat. Oleh sebagian pemikir liberal dan aktivis feminisme, hukum kewarisan Islam produk ulama salaf dianggap sebagai aturan yang cenderung diskriminatif—semisal mendiskreditkan dan merugikan hak-hak perempuan—dan tidak berorientasi pada keadilan manusia. Karenanya, ketentuan hukum waris Islam tersebut harus ditafsir ulang, bahkan didekonstruksi dengan mempertimbangkan perkembangan sosial masyarakat.Kata Kunci: hukum Islam, keadilan, kewarisan, tafsirDOI: 10.15408/ajis.v13i2.941
Customary Law of Inheritance and Migration: Adoption of The Old Regime or Adaptation to The New One? Dewi Sukarti
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 17, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v17i2.6236

Abstract

This article is a result of field research about the culture of inheritance of migrating Besemah people in Jakarta. The research questions raised in this article are do migrating Besemah people adopt their customary law of inheritance or do they adapt to the regime prevailed in the Jakarta? This article found that Besemah people living in Jakarta have been adapting to the urban way of inheritance which gives similar share between men and women and gives a strong position to wife. Another important finding is that only a small number of migrating Besemahers still maintain the old value and customs of their region of origin. DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v17i2.6236
KARTU KREDIT SYARIAH DAN PERILAKU KONSUMTIF MASYARAKAT Dewi Sukma Kristianti
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 14, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v14i2.1287

Abstract

Islamic Credit Cards and Consumptive Behaviour of Society. The credit card as one means of payment utilising cards, is a payment system that is growing rapidly, brought about by the security and risk of carrying cash in large amounts, efficiency, speed and ease of transaction that is offered. Islamic banks are glancing consumer funding products as one of the products services to be offered. There is a very important limitation that must be realized for Islamic banks, namely the provisions of the shari’a principles regarding the provision of credit card and influence on consumer  behaviour  society,  particularly  the  Muslim  community.  It  is  not  impossible  for  the  existence  of  Islamic credit cards that are presented for the ease of transacting to become a card for the ease of indebtedness and cause a consumptive/wasteful attitude that is definitely forbidden in Islamic economic concept.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v14i2.1287
TRANSNATIONAL FATWAS ON JIHAD IN INDONESIA Ansari Ansari
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 14, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v17i1.1238

Abstract

Transnational Fatwas on Jihad in Indonesia. Fatwa has an important stake in Islamic legal development. Its presence is able to provide influences on person’s religious attitude and behaviour. Although fatwa is a product of ijtihad, it’s still considered as a rule which should be obeyed especially if it is pronounced by a great scholar or authorised body which has wide influence over the community. This paper will study thoroughly the transnational fatwas on jihad which had influenced people’s religious attitude and behavior of many Indonesian Muslims. Fatwas on jihad motivated Indonesian Muslims to carry out violence towards non Muslims. The disturbance on religion became one of the reasons of violent actions towards them.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v14i1.1238
دراسة فتوى مجلس العلماء الإندونيسي عن التحصين والتطعيم: تحليل ومناقشة Husni Mubarrak
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 20, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v20i1.13343

Abstract

يتناول هذا البحث مناقشة الفتوى الذي أصدره مجلس العلماء الإندونيسي عن التحصين والتطعيم لكل من السنة 2016 و 2018 كموضوع البحث. يكون هذا البحث بحثا كيفيا، باستخدام دراسات مكتبية استقراء تحليليا كمنهج البحث، يحاول البحث إحضار المناقشة عن مضمون ومحتويات الفتوى مع التحليل عن مدى صحة وإباحة التحصين والتطعيم، ولا سيما التطعيم الممتزج والمختلط بالمواد المحرمة بدعوى الضرورة، إلى غيرها من مدى صلاحية استخدام دليل الضرورة الشرعية لإباحة التطعيم (MR Vaccination) في غياب البدائل الشرعية المناسبة. تدل نتيجة البحث على أنه من قضايا الفقه المعاصر، وأن استخدام دليل الضرورة في قضية إباحة التطعيم (MR Vaccination) ما زال قابلا للنقاش ومحتاجا إلى أدلة مؤيدة أخرى لأجل تحقيق المصلحة المرجوة.  AbstrakArtikel ini mendiskusikan secara kualitatif fatwa tentang imunisasi dan vaksinasi yang diterbitkan oleh Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI), masing-masing tahun 2016 dan 2018 sebagai data primer kajian. Perdebatan tidak hanya terbatas tentang sejauh mana kehalalan dan kebolehan imunisasi dan vaksinasi, terutama Vaksinasi MR yang mengandung zat haram dengan alasan kebutuhan yang dibenarkan secara syariat, artikel ini juga mendiskusikan pandangan hukum tentang sejauh mana kelayakan penggunaan hujjah atau dalil “darurat” yang dibolehkan syariat itu dipakai, selagi belum ditemukan vaksin halal guna menghadapi suatu penyakit yang belum tentu dan atau belum pasti terjadi. Dengan menjadikan content fatwa sebagai pisau analisis, artikel ini berkesimpulan bahwa fatwa tentang Vaksinasi MR ini yang termasuk ke dalam persoalan fikih kontemporer, yang sekalipun penggunaan hujjah atau dalil “darurat” dibolehkan syariat, namun tetap masih terbuka untuk diperdebatkan, sehingga tetap membutuhkan dalil pendukung lain guna menguatkan alasan mewujudkan kemaslahatan yang diharapkan di masa mendatang.
Kesehatan dan Perobatan dalam Tradisi Islam: Kajian Kitab Shahih Al-Bukhârî. Nurhayati Nurhayati
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 16, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v16i2.4452

Abstract

Health and Medicine Treatment in Islamic Tradition: a Study on Sahîh al-Bukhârî. The main objective of medical treatment in Islam is to maintain health rather than curing the disease. This article specifically discusses the views of Imam Bukhari on health coverage and medicine treatment in Islam as stated in his book, Sahih al- Bukhari. Sahih al-Bukhari is one of the most important and authentic collection books of Hadith. The description of health and medicine in Saheeh al-Bukhari discussed in the chapter of al-Tibb. The Hadiths collected in the book are more associated with the prevention treatment (preventive medicine) rather than the healing treatment (therapeutic medicine).DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v16i2.4452
Dialektika Teks dan Konteks dalam Metode Istinbāṭ Fikih Perempuan Kontemporer Tutik Hamidah
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 13, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v13i1.958

Abstract

Abstract: The Dialectics of Text and Context in Istinbāṭ Method of Contemporary Women Fiqh. Istinbāṭ method in contemporary women fiqh must be based on justice, equality before the law, freedom, responsibility, deliberation, and mu‘āsharah bi al-ma‘rūf. Some Quranic verses and Hadith explaining practical rules must be looked as sociological texts that has to be contextually understood. The method, although different with jumhūr ‘ulamā’, are not new in uṣūl al-fiqh. Because it has common ground with theories of uṣūl al-fiqh of Imām al-Shāṭibī and some Indonesian reformers.Keywords: dialectics, istinbāṭ method, universal principles, sociologicalAbstrak: Dialektika Teks dan Konteks dalam Metode Istinbāṭ Fikih Perempuan Kontemporer. Metode Istinbāṭ fikih perempuan kontemporer menempatkan dasar teologis, berupa: prinsip-prinsip kesederajatan manusia, keadilan, persamaan di depan hukum, kebebasan, tanggung jawab, musyawarah, dan mu‘āsharah bi al-ma'rūf. Ayat-ayat dan Hadis yang menjelaskan aturan praktis dipandang sebagai ayat sosiologis yang harus dipahami secara kontekstual. Metode tersebut, meskipun berbeda dengan usul fikih jumhur ulama, namun bukan merupakan hal baru dalam usul fikih, sebab memiliki titik temu dengan teori tokoh usul fikih, seperti Imām al-Shāṭibī dan tokoh pemikiran pembaruan hukum Islam di Indonesia.Kata Kunci: dialektika, metode istinbāṭ, prinsip-prinsip universal, sosiologis
Configuration of Costomary Law Related to Economy (Economic Adat Law Study in North Sumatera, Indonesia) Kamarusdiana Kamarusdiana; Mustapa Khamal Rokan
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 18, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v18i2.8889

Abstract

Tis paper wants to see the confguration of various forms ofcustomary law relating to the economy as a living law in society. Tis paperis based on research using qualitative methods with a historical approach.Te data was obtained from the feld and the interview which was thenprocessed analytically descriptive. Te results of this study obtained four (4)confgurations of customary law relating to the economy with the form, frst,the customary law of economic confguration of philanthropy in order touphold the teachings of religion (Islam) and habits found in society. Secondly,the confguration of semi-economic customary law in which businesses(capital owners) conduct business are accompanied to assist the farmers.Tird, the confguration of pure economic customary law in doing business.Fourth, the confguration of economic customary law in protecting nature.Tis research also strengthens socio-economic assumptions and impacts onthe social dimension in economic law.

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