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INDONESIA
Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
ISSN : 14124734     EISSN : 24078646     DOI : 10.15408
Core Subject : Religion, Social,
Religion Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
Focus and Scope FOCUS This journal focused on Islamic Studies and present developments through the publication of articles and research reports. SCOPE Ahkam specializes on islamic law, and is intended to communicate original research and current issues on the subject. This journal warmly welcomes contributions from scholars of related disciplines. Fatwa; Islamic Economic Law; Islamic Family Law; Islamic Legal Administration; Islamic Jurisprudence; Islamic Law and Politics; Islamic Legal and Judicial Education; Comparative Islamic Law; Islamic Law and Gender; Islamic Law and Contemporary Issues; Islamic Law and Society; Islamic Criminal Law
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 378 Documents
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Internalisasi Maqâshid al-Syarî’ah dalam Ekonomi Menurut M. Umer Chapra Muhammad Yafiz
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 15, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v15i1.2853

Abstract

Islamic economic system as part of a true Islamic teachings from the beginning must have intended to establish what the objectives pensyariatannya (maqasid al-shari'ah), namely the realization of the benefit to achieve happiness in this world and in the hereafter. The purpose of Islamic economics is welfare or well-being in the field of material possessions or wealth. However, it is not understood as something separate from a form of devotion (worship) to God, so that the welfare and management of material possessions still have to refer to the values of all the Lord's and deals with aspects of the benefit of others in the maqasid al-shariah.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v15i1.2853
Ketentuan Wasiat Wâjibah di Pelbagai Negara Muslim Kontemporer Sri Hidayati
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 12, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v12i1.982

Abstract

Abstract: Various Provisions of the Wâjibah Testament in Contemporary Muslim Countries. The Wâjibah testament is evidence that its implementation does not depend on the expectation of the testator. The provisions within the wâjibah testament are interpreted from 180 verses of the sûrah al-Baqarah. There is a command for people who fear Allah to make a last will and testament for the parents and relatives before they die. In some of Muslim countries (Egypt, Morocco, Syria, Tunisia, Pakistan, etc.), the wâjibah testament is bequeathed to the orphaned grandchildren who have lost their parents. However, some other countries determine the grandchildren who obtain the wâjibah testament.Keywords: wâjibah testament, Muslim countries, fiqhAbstrak: Ketentuan Wasiat Wâjibah di Pelbagai Negara Muslim Kontemporer. Wasiat wâjibah adalah bukti bahwa pelaksanaan wasiat itu tidak tergantung dari harapan pendonor. Ketentuan-ketentuan dalam wasiat wâjibah adalah interpretasi dari ayat 180 surah al-Baqarah. Di situ dikatakan bahwa ada perintah bagi orang yang takut kepada Allah untuk berwasiat bagi orang tua dan kerabat sebelum mereka meninggal. Di beberapa negara Muslim (Mesir, Maroko, Suriah, Tunisia, Pakistan, dan lain-lain), wasiat wâjibah diberikan kepada cucu yatim piatu yang kehilangan orang tuanya. Namun di beberapa negara lain menentukan cucu yang mendapatkan wasiat wâjibah.Kata Kunci: wasiat wâjibah, negara Muslim, fikihDOI: 10.15408/ajis.v12i1.982
Murder License for Murder in the March; Reiterated in 2013 Approved Islamic Penal Code Regarding Mahdur al- Damm (Deserving Death) Mohaddeseh Sadeghian Lemraski; Kalantari Kalantari; Iraj Goldoozian
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 19, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v19i2.10810

Abstract

In the case law of Iran, the punishment for a deliberate murder following the religion of Islam is retribution of the soul (qisas), but in cases, several retaliation orders have been eliminated, of such cases is Murder in the March and it is where a husband observes his wife and a barbarian man committing adultery and then commits the crime of murdering them. About the importance of this discussion, it is worth noting that the Article 302 of Islamic Punishment Code of 2013, also complying with the comment of the noted jurisprudents of Imamiyah, who have considered the murder of the wife and the barbarian adulterer by the husband the exclusion of retribution. Despite all criticisms made in the new Islamic Penal Code, it has again been reiterated and being slightly changed in the surface of the articles, they are still binding in accordance with the Article 630 of Islamic Punishment Code of sanctions sector, for this reason, efforts have been made in this research to study and lay out the aforementioned articles and present the previously conducted studies in this regard, dealing with these legal articles and the possibility to change them in order to resolve this problem. From the perspective of the case law, the Clause "E", the Article 302 of Islamic Penal Code, it can be misused by professional killers and be set forth as the Murder in the March. Although, the legislator has put punishment for Ta'zir or "deterrent" in the new law for arbitrary action without permission from the court and also taking measure based on the wrong belief but since in many cases, the perpetrators of honor murders, according to this decree, consider themselves right to commit this murder. It seems that the universality of the above decree has to be reduced and the punishment level for the arbitrary actions in such cases has to be added. The current research studies the well-known comment of the jurisprudents and its critique regarding Murder in the March related Murder License; reiterated in the Islamic Punishment Code approved in 2013 concerning Mahdor al-Adam. 
Talîl al-Ahkâm dan Pembaruan Ushul Fikih Muhammad Nashirudin
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 15, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v15i1.2844

Abstract

Renewal of Islamic law was necessary to renewal fiqh and ushûl al-fiqh which become the method of determination of Islamic law. Among the classical fiqh issues that can currently be used as the entrance to reform is to perform the renewal talîl al-ahkâm process, namely by making the wisdom and interests as a determinant of the presence and absence of law in a matter.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v15i1.2844 
LEGAL ASPECT OF ‘GOLD FARMING’ ISLAMIC BANKING PRODUCT Ibrahim Siregar
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 14, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v14i2.1275

Abstract

Legal Aspects of ‘Gold Farming’ Islamic Banking Product. Islamic banking can progress quickly through market-based product innovation. This product innovation must be in accordance with the rules laid down in Islamic law. The concept of contract in Islam should pay attention to three aspects, namely: the substance of contract law, the law that is related to the substance of the contract, and contract clarity. A contract becomes invalid if ta’alluq(dependence between two or more contracts) and shafqatayn fî al-shafqah(uncertainty arising from multiple contracts) occurs. This article explains that the ‘gold farming’ products offered by Islamic bank violate of the principles of contract in Islam. This product should be the modified further to accord with the rules of Islamic contract.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v14i2.1275
Children Handling Procedure in Islamic Criminal Offense in Aceh Analiansyah Analiansyah; Ali Abubakar
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 21, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v21i1.20869

Abstract

The Law of the Republic of Indonesia authorizes Aceh to implement shari’a law in various sectors, including jināyāt (Islamic criminal law). This additional authority is different from the authority of the Religious Courts (Pengadilan Agama) in other provinces in Indonesia. This article analyzes the process of handling children in criminal cases in the Aceh’s Shari’a Courts in Aceh using the lex specialis derogate legi generalis and the systematic lex specialis principles. The data in this study comes from legal documents and interviews with Shari’a Court judges. The results show that the handling of Islamic criminal offenses involving children has been carried out by referring to existing laws and regulations according to the principle of specificity. However, some issues arise related to human resources and appropriate facilities. Most of the judges have not obtained special training in handling children’s cases, which influenced their knowledge on the issue. Moreover, children involving in legal cases are still treated using similar facilities as adults. These weaknesses, however, can be appropriately resolved by the Shari’a Courts and the Aceh Government. Abstrak:Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia memberikan kewenangan kepada Aceh untuk menerapkan syariat Islam di berbagai bidang, termasuk jināyāt (hukum pidana Islam). Pemerintah Aceh mengeluarkan qanun (Peraturan Daerah) yang mencakup beberapa jarīmah (perbuatan pidana) dan pelaksanaannya menjadi kewenangan Pengadilan Syariah (Mahkamah Syar’iyyah) di Aceh. Kewenangan tambahan ini berbeda dengan kewenangan Peradilan Agama di provinsi lain di Indonesia. Hakim-hakim di pengadilan-pengadilan tersebut tidak mendapatkan pendidikan khusus dalam hukum pidana, terutama kasus-kasus yang melibatkan anak-anak yang telah diatur dalam undang-undang khusus. Kewenangan tambahan dalam memeriksa dan mengadili perkara pidana di Mahkamah Syariah menimbulkan persoalan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) baru. Artikel ini menganalisis proses penanganan anak di Pengadilan Syariah di Aceh dengan menggunakan prinsip lex specialis derogate legi generalis dan systematic lex specialis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penanganan tindak pidana Islam yang melibatkan anak telah dilakukan dengan mengacu pada peraturan perundang-undangan yang ada sesuai dengan asas kekhususan. Beberapa kelemahan sumber daya manusia dan infrastruktur dapat diselesaikan dengan baik oleh Pengadilan Syariah dan Pemerintah Aceh. 
Penalaran Istiṣlāḥī dalam Kajian Fikih Kontemporer: Studi Kasus Fatwa Hukum Imunisasi di Aceh Husni Mubarrak
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 17, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v17i1.6225

Abstract

This article discusses the use of istiṣlāḥi reasoning to answer the contemporary problem such as the MPU's Decree (Majelis Permusyawaratan Ulama) in Aceh on immunization.The reasoning of Islamic law often used to answer contemporary problems is the istiṣlāḥi reasoning. Although thei stiṣlāḥiy reasoning is more flexible in explaining the law of contemporary issues, but in the process of law enforcement, it must be assisted with other disciplines. As a result, the legal considerations are decided more accurately and scientifically to avoid any form of arbitrariness (authoritarian) in producing Islamic law. DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v17i1.6225
Shariah in the Era of Regional Autonomy in Indonesia (الشريعة الإسلامية فى عصر الاستقلال الذاتى باندونيسيا) Ahmad Sudirman Abbas
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 12, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v12i2.973

Abstract

Abstrak: Syariat Islam di Era Otonomi Daerah di Indonesia. Perkembangan Hukum Islam di Indonesia telah berlangsung sejak berdirinya kerajaan-kerajaan Islam di Nusantara sebelum datangnya masa penjajahan Belanda yang kemudian hari menguasai Nusantara selama lebih kurang 350 tahun. Pemberlakuan Hukum Islam itu sendiri berjalan dalam lima fase dengan mengalami pelbagai keadaan sebagai peluang sekaligus tantangan dari pihak penjajah yang bertujuan “devide at impera”, memecah belah dan mengadu domba, untuk tetap terus menjajah. Seperti siasat Snouck Hurgronje, dia mencetuskan gagasan teori Receptie dalam rangka memandulkan Hukum Islam, yang oleh Hazairin disebut “teori Iblis”. Perjalanan Hukum Islam pada fase menjelang kemerdekaan dan sesudahnya tetap eksis walau harus diperhadapkan dengan hukum Adat dan hukum Hindia Belanda. Sebagai bukti eksistensi Hukum Islam maka pengundangan Undang-undang No.1 Tahun 1974 Tentang Perkawinan menjadi pedoman bagi umat Islam Indonesia saat ini.Kata Kunci:        السلطة, التشريع اللإسلامى, الأحكام الإسلاميةAbstract: Shariah in the Era of Regional Autonomy in Indonesia. Developments in Islamic Law in Indonesia have taken place since Islamic kingdoms were established in Nusantara before the arrival of the Dutch colonisation period, which dominated Nusantara for the next 350 years. The imposition of Islamic law on its own has moved through five phases, going through various opportune periods. But at the same time it faced a challenge from the colonial side, whose goal was to “divide and conquer” to maintain oppression like the strategy of Snouck Hurgronje. The Dutch created the theory of Receptie as an effort to sterilize Islamic law, which Hazairin then called “Satanic law”. The course of Islamic law during the phase just before independence and afterwards still exists, even though it must be admitted it is Adat and Dutch law that guides Indonesia. But as evidence of the existence of Islamic law, there is the enactment of the 1974 Marriage Act, which serves as guidance for followers of Islam today.Kata Kunci:   السلطة, التشريع اللإسلامى, الأحكام الإسلاميةDOI: 10.15408/ajis.v12i1.973
Potential Islamic Radicalism and Terrorism in the Province of West Nusa Tenggara Muhammad Harfin Zuhdi
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 19, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v19i1.11632

Abstract

Studies on the root and causes of radicalism and terrorism have revealed that economic drawbacks and injustice are the primary causes of the birth of such groups. However, it is likely that it would be a distinct case within the Indonesian landscape, particularly West Nusa Tenggara Province (NTB), given the relative conduciveness and good democratic atmosphere of the country and province. For this reason, drawing on the available artefacts and several mass conflicts and terrors happening in the province, this study analyses whether there is any potential of radical and terrorist groups to grow; and, if any, what factors promoting such growth. The findings indicate that the province can be a potential area for radical and terrorist groups to thrive. Furthermore, the main factors promoting the growth of such radical groups and violence or mass incidents include: the misinterpretation of the Islamic teachings, the available network of terrorist groups such as East Indonesian Mujahidin in the province, the geographical location, and the reluctance of the mainstream moderate Muslims to promote religious moderatism to such growing groups in both islands of Sumbawa and Lombok.  Penelitian ini menjelaskan akar dan penyebab radikalisme dan terorisme di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB). Selama ini diungkapkan  bahwa keterbelakangan ekonomi dan ketidakadilan adalah penyebab utama lahirnya kelompok radikal dan teroris tersebut. Namun,  kasus berbeda terdapat di Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB), karena di daerah ini suasana kondusif dan demokrasi yang relatif baik. Untuk  itu,  dengan melihat fenomena tersebut dan beberapa konflik massa dan teror yang terjadi di provinsi ini, penelitian ini menganalisis apakah ada potensi kelompok radikal dan teroris untuk tumbuh; dan, jika ada, faktor apa yang mendorong pertumbuhan tersebut. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa provinsi ini dapat menjadi daerah pontensial bagi kelompok radikal dan teroris untuk berkembang. Hal ini disebabkan karena salah tafsir atas ajaran Islam oleh jaringan kelompok teroris yang seperti Mujahidin Indonesia Timur selain lokasi geografinya. Alasan lainya ialah keengganan kaum Muslim moderat untuk memberi kesadaran terhadap kelompok-kelompok teroris di provinsi tersebut.
Kritik Terhadap Epistemologi Fikih Murtad. Sofyan A.P Kau; Zulkarnain Sulaeman
AHKAM : Jurnal Ilmu Syariah Vol 16, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v16i1.2895

Abstract

This paper contains a critique to fiqh of apostasy which considers the action as a criminal offense to be sentenced to death. Reviewing the legal sources of fiqh using allegorical approach and historical evidence indicates that the action is a violation of the theological apostasy against God, and therefore only God who has a right to punish. In al-Qur’an, the type of punishment is non-physical punishment and will be executed in hereafter. The act of apostasy will be punishable by death if apostasy is in political arena and civil matter, which is followed by resistance and rebellion against legitimate political authority that interfere with public safety and official authority. Therefore, the provision of the punishment is handed over to the legitimate political institutions (ta’zir) to determine the appropriate punishment.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v16i1.2895

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