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Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27754952     DOI : 10.56338/jphp
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy is an national, peer-reviewed journal. It publishes original papers, reviews and short reports on all aspects of the science, philosophy, and practice of public health. It is aimed at all public health practitioners and researchers and those who manage and deliver public health services and systems. It will also be of interest to anyone involved in provision of public health programmes, the care of populations or communities and those who contribute to public health systems in any way. These include: Epidemiology Health education and behavioral science Environmental Health Occupational Health and Safety Biostatistics Health Administration and Policy Reproduction health Pharmacy This is not an exhaustive list and the Editors will consider articles on any issue relating to public health.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 176 Documents
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Improving Traffic Safety Through Innovation: A Systematic Review of Technology-Enhanced Education for Novice Drivers with Implications for LMICs Dina Lusiana Setyowati; Yuliani Setyaningsih; Chriswardani Suryawati; Daru Lestantyo
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v6i2.7317

Abstract

Introduction: Road traffic accidents remain a major global public health challenge, disproportionately affecting low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where fatality rates among novice drivers are particularly high. Despite this burden, most empirical research on road safety education has focused on high-income settings, leaving significant gaps in evidence relevant to LMIC contexts. This study aims to systematically review the effectiveness of technology-based interventions for road safety education among novice drivers and to examine their behavioral outcomes, theoretical foundations, and contextual relevance in LMICs. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Peer-reviewed journal articles published between 2015 and 2025 were retrieved from the Scopus database using predefined search terms related to road safety education, novice drivers, and digital or technology-enhanced interventions. After screening and eligibility assessment, 47 empirical studies were included for synthesis. Data were extracted on intervention type, theoretical framework, geographic setting, and behavioral outcomes, and analyzed using descriptive, thematic, and network-based approaches. Results: The findings indicate that technology-enhanced interventions, including gamification, virtual reality, mobile applications, telematics, and artificial intelligence, are generally associated with improved learner engagement, enhanced hazard perception, safer driving behavior, increased helmet use, and reduced traffic violations among novice drivers. However, most studies lack explicit theoretical grounding, rely on short-term outcome measures, and are concentrated in high-income settings, limiting generalizability to low- and middle-income contexts. Conclusion: This review highlights the need for theory-informed, culturally sensitive, and context-responsive road safety education strategies that integrate behavioral science with digital innovation. Strengthening longitudinal evaluation and expanding research in underrepresented regions are essential to inform effective policy and scalable intervention design.
Integrating a Mobile App into Pharmacist-Led Patient Education to Enhance Insulin Pen Self-Administration: A Pre-Experimental One-Group Pretest–Posttest Study Muhammad Thesa Ghozali; Bagas Dwi Nugroho; Anita Agustina Styawan; Satibi Satibi; Gerhard Fortwengel
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v6i2.7365

Abstract

Introduction: Objectives This study was conducted to assess the impact of adding mobile health (mHealth) application on pharmacist-mediated patient counseling to improve accuracy of insulin pen self-administration skills among diabetic patients. Introduction Every day, diabetes mellitus (DM) remain one of the worlds biggest health problems where insulins therapy acts among the mainstay in treating type 1 and ineffective treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Insulin pens have increased convenience and adherence to insulin therapy compared with traditional vials and syringes; however, administration errors are still prevalent. These errors typically due to incorrect priming, wrong injection angle or failure to discharge air bubbles can lead to hypoglycemia, hyperglycaemia, and loss of glycemic control, with consequent negative impact on therapeutic outcomes. Although the results provide evidence of substantial improvement in dosing accuracy of insulin, causal inference and generalizability are limited by the single-group pretest–posttest design. Controlled studies moving forward are required to validate these results. The goal of this study was to determine if the addition of these mHealth technologies in pharmacist-led education could help us fill this important procedural gap. Methods: Between December 2023 and May 2024, this study took place in the outpatient clinic of PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia as a pre-experimental, one-group pretest–posttest study. Hundred adult diabetic patients were selected. Structured questionnaires and direct observations based on a standardized insulin pen checklist were used to collect the data. Ethics approval was obtained from Health Research Ethics Committee of PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital, and all individuals provided written informed consent. Results: At baseline, 29% of participants achieved high proficiency but post-intervention all (100%) achieved this level. Mean accuracy score significantly improved, from 10.28 (SD = 1.36) to 14.12 (SD = 1.03) (p <0.001). Procedural enhancements were to mix insulin and remove air bubbles. Conclusion: Pharmacist-led education with mHealth integration, the application of mobile technology in health monitoring, represents a novel and potentially generalisable approach in efforts to improve practices of insulin self-administration.
Utilization of Interactive Schistosomiasis Educational Media in Changing Clean and Healthy Living Behaviors to Prevent Stunting Ahmad Erlan; Paisal Paisal; Yona Patanduk; Muhammad Firdaus; Anggri Alfira Yunita Assa; I Kadek Wartana; Veni Mornalita Kolupe; Sitti Fajrah; Niluh Desy Purnamasari; Desak Eka Susianawati; Fitri Arni
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v6i2.8098

Abstract

Introduction: Schistosomiasis disease infecting humans in Indonesia is caused by the trematode worm Schistosoma japonicum type with the intermediate host being the snail Oncomelania hupensis lindoensis. Schistosomiasis can be chronic and worsen the incidence of malnutrition so that it can increase stunting in school-aged children. The aim of the research is to assess the increase in knowledge of students who have received local schistosomiasis so that they can practice clean and healthy living habits to prevent stunting in school children. Methods: The research was carried out using mixed methods, namely collecting qualitative and quantitative data. Data was obtained by in-depth interviews with key informants and focus group discussions. Results: Providing schistosomiasis subject matter to school children by measuring students' level of knowledge through pre and post-tests. Based on statistical analysis, a significant increase in students' knowledge about schistosomiasis was found with a p-value < 0.001. Conclusion: Empowering communities by integrating schistosomiasis education into the local school curriculum enhances students' understanding of the disease. It is important to continue incorporating local content about schistosomiasis so that school children remain consistent in preventing its transmission.
Local Wisdom-Based Parenting Concept in Stunting Prevention Policy among Coastal Bugis Communities Andi Surahman Batara; Linda Hardianti Saputri; Nurul Hikmah B
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v6i2.8482

Abstract

Introduction: Stunting remains a major public health issue in Indonesia, particularly in coastal areas such as Barru District, South Sulawesi, which has shown a significant increase in prevalence. Parenting practices play a central role in stunting prevention; however, existing policies often fail to accommodate the local values embedded within communities. Among coastal Bugis communities, local wisdom-based parenting practices such as mattarana’ and yabelale are believed to contribute to the holistic development of children, yet they have rarely been studied in the context of health policy. This study aims to explore the concept of local wisdom-based parenting within Bugis coastal communities and to analyze its potential for integration into more contextual and participatory stunting prevention policies. Methods: A mixed-methods sequential exploratory design was employed with explicit qualitative–quantitative integration. The qualitative phase generated culturally grounded constructs of parenting through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and participatory observations with parents, community leaders, health workers, and posyandu cadres. These findings directly informed the development of quantitative survey instruments. The subsequent quantitative phase involved a descriptive survey of 326 caregivers selected via stratified random sampling. Integration occurred at the design level (instrument development), the methods level (sequential linkage), and the interpretation level, where qualitative themes were used to contextualize quantitative results. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis and descriptive statistics. Ethical approval was obtained from the Health Research Ethics Committee of Maluku Husada School of Health Sciences (RK.196/KEPK/STIK/VII/2025). Results: Qualitative findings revealed that mattarana’ is understood as a form of intensive maternal caregiving, while yabelale represents a spiritual-emotional practice that strengthens mother-child attachment. Quantitative data indicated that 93.3% of respondents had adequate knowledge about stunting and 99.4% demonstrated positive attitudes toward healthy parenting. However, parenting practices did not fully reflect this knowledge. Furthermore, 62.9% of respondents agreed that local wisdom should be integrated into stunting prevention policies. Integrated analysis indicates that local values shape how biomedical knowledge is interpreted and enacted in daily caregiving. Conclusion: Integrating the concept of mattarana’ into stunting prevention policies may enhance the effectiveness of interventions through a more culturally grounded, socially responsive, and locally contextualized approach. This strategy supports WHO’s whole-of-society principle and offers a more humanistic and sustainable framework for health development.
Pharmacists’ Experiences and Needs in Pharmaceutical Care to Support Diabetes Medication Adherence in Indonesian Primary Care Riza Alfian; Muhammad Hafizh Abiyyu Fathin Fawwazi; Wirawan Adikusuma; Yohane Vincent Abero Phiri
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v6i2.8568

Abstract

Introduction: Medication adherence remains a major challenge in the management of diabetes mellitus, particularly in primary health care. Pharmacists play an important role in supporting adherence through pharmaceutical care. However, there is still limited evidence regarding pharmacists’ experiences and needs in implementing pharmaceutical care related to adherence in community health centers (Puskesmas) in Indonesia. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among pharmacists working at Community Health Centers (Puskesmas) in South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia, between July and August 2025. A total of 244 pharmacists were invited, and 161 participated (response rate 66.0%). Data were collected using a validated structured questionnaire consisting of 35 items on a five-point Likert scale, covering pharmacists’ experiences, barriers, and needs in implementing pharmaceutical care to support medication adherence among patients with diabetes mellitus. Data were analyzed descriptively. Results: Pharmacists predominantly relied on indirect adherence assessment, most commonly through prescription refill monitoring (60.9%), while less consistently confirming patients’ understanding of therapeutic goals. Adherence-support interventions were largely limited to face-to-face education, with minimal use of remote/digital modalities (telephone or social media: 60.9% never). Monitoring and follow-up were also inconsistent, including limited assessment of adverse drug reactions. Key systemic and workflow barriers included limited time, lack of training, and restricted access to patients’ clinical information (75.8%). Pharmacists reported strong needs for standardized adherence assessment tools, accessible patient medication records, systematic guidelines, and training programs. Conclusion: Pharmaceutical care to support medication adherence among patients with diabetes mellitus in Puskesmas is not yet implemented consistently. Strengthening pharmacist competencies through practical tools, clear guidance, and continuous training, together with better access to patient information and appropriate use of digital resources, may improve the delivery of adherence services in primary care.
Behavioral Determinants of Environmental Health Impacts in IoT-Enabled Waste Management: Evidence from Greater Jakarta Urban Households E. Ernyasih; N. Nelfiyanti; Eka Samsul Ma’arif; Aulia Fahreza Ismanto; Donita Lutfia Hasanah; D. Daruki
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v6i2.8682

Abstract

Introduction: The rapid growth of household waste in urban areas poses a serious challenge to environmental health. The integration of the IoT into waste management is considered an innovative solution, offering real-time monitoring, collection efficiency, and greater system transparency. This study aims to examine the influence of perception, attitude, awareness, and practices on environmental health impacts in the context of IoT adoption. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 120 households in the Greater Jakarta area, and the data were analyzed using SEM-PLS. Results: The results reveal that perception significantly influences attitude (p < 0.001), and attitude significantly influences awareness (p < 0.001). The structural model demonstrates strong predictive power with R² values of 0.566 for attitude, 0.552 for awareness, and 0.839 for environmental health impacts. Standardized path coefficients show significant effects for perception ? attitude (? = 0.752; p < 0.001), attitude ? awareness (? = 0.743; p < 0.001), and practices ? environmental health impact (? = 0.864; p < 0.001). Model diagnostics confirm reliability and validity, including AVE > 0.50, CR > 0.70, HTMT < 0.85, and VIF < 3. However, awareness does not directly affect environmental health (p > 0.05), indicating the presence of an intention–behavior gap. In contrast, actual waste management practices emerged as the most dominant predictor, with the largest effect on environmental health outcomes (p < 0.001). Conclusion: These findings highlight the necessity of policy strategies that go beyond raising awareness and digital literacy, ensuring the transformation of awareness into consistent practices through adequate infrastructure, incentive systems, and regulatory enforcement. This study contributes to strengthening the concept of smart cities and supports sustainable development strategies in urban settings.
Interactive Participation-Based Premarital Class Model for Reproductive Health and Marital Age Maturity in Support of the ASTA CITA Program Tri Sunarsih; Dwi Yulinda; Erydani Anggawijayanto; Rosdiana Rosdiana; Nendhi Wahyunia Utami; Endah Puji Astuti; Elvika Fit Ari Shanti; Ekawati Ekawati
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v6i2.8708

Abstract

Introduction: Early marriage and divorce remain persistent public health and social concerns in Indonesia, contributing to poor reproductive health outcomes and hindering human resource development. While premarital education programs exist, their modeled association in delaying marriage age and improving reproductive health is still uncertain. These challenges highlight the need for more engaging, evidence-based interventions that address not only knowledge gaps but also family dynamics, cultural norms, and participants’ readiness to adopt healthier marital and reproductive practices. This study aimed to design and empirically examine an interactive premarital class model by modeling participation as a mediating mechanism linking premarital education with reproductive health and marital age maturity within the ASTA CITA program. Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from March to August 2025 at the Kulonprogo Religious Affairs Office, Yogyakarta. A total of 260 prospective brides and grooms were recruited using purposive sampling. Data were collected through a validated questionnaire and analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Results: Predisposing factors (knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs) (?=0.552; p<0.001) and reinforcing factors (family support and policy) (?=0.391; p<0.001) significantly increased participation. Participation showed a strong statistical association with reproductive health (?=0.763; p<0.001) and marital age maturity (?=0.789; p<0.001). The model showed strong explanatory power (R²=0.805 for participation; R²=0.582 for reproductive health; R²=0.622 for marital age maturity) and high predictive relevance (Q²>0.35). Conclusion: The interactive premarital class model showed robust modeled associations between participation, reproductive health literacy, and marital age maturity. This participatory, family- and community-based approach may inform the development of premarital education strategies in similar institutional contexts, particularly in efforts to address early marriage and reproductive health challenges. However, given the cross-sectional design and single-site setting, these findings should be interpreted as exploratory, and broader implementation would require further validation through longitudinal or multi-site studies across diverse institutional and socio-cultural settings. Future research is needed to assess long-term outcomes and contextual adaptability.
Predictors of Iron Supplement Adherence and Hemoglobin Levels Among Adolescent Girls in Bali: A PLS-SEM Analysis I Gusti Agung Ari Kusuma Yana; Yosi Irawati Wibowo; Antonius Adji Prayitno Setiadi; Cecilia Brata; Gusti Ayu Putu Laksmi Puspa Sari
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v6i2.8751

Abstract

Introduction: Anemia among adolescent girls remains a global public health concern. Adolescence is a critical window of rapid growth and increased iron requirements. The World Health Organization recognizes adolescent anemia as a priority. Although weekly iron supplementation programs have been widely implemented, adherence remains suboptimal. Previous studies have primarily identified associated factors using bivariate or conventional regression approaches, with limited application of multivariate pathway modelling to simultaneously examine determinants of adherence and hemoglobin outcomes. This study aimed to examine predictors of iron tablet adherence and their association with hemoglobin levels among adolescent girls using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) approach. Methods: A quantitative study with a pretest–posttest one-group design without a control group was conducted. Data were collected using validated questionnaires from adolescent girls (n = 772), of whom 483 participated in final analysis attending schools in Bali, Indonesia, between August and November 2024. Statistical analyses and PLS-SEM were performed to identify key predictors of adherence and hemoglobin levels. Results: A total of 483 adolescent girls participated in the study (response rate: 62.6%). The structural model explained 4.6% of the variance in iron tablet adherence (R² = 0.046) and 38.4% of the variance in hemoglobin levels (R² = 0.384). Family support (? = 0.051; p = 0.041), school support (? = 0.131; p = 0.011), and attitude (? = ?0.071; p = 0.003) significantly predicted adherence. In turn, adherence showed a positive association with hemoglobin levels (? = 0.570; p < 0.000). Conclusion: Family support, school support, and attitude were significantly associated with iron supplement adherence among adolescent girls. Although the explanatory power of the model for adherence was modest, adherence was positively associated with hemoglobin levels at post-test measurement. These findings should be interpreted as exploratory and hypothesis-generating. Multifactorial strategies that strengthen social support and sustained monitoring may enhance the effectiveness of anemia prevention programs among adolescent girls.
The Relationship Between Internal and External Psychosocial Factors and Depression Levels Among Adolescents in Banyumas Regency Elviera Gamelia; Arif Kurniawan; Arrum Firda Ayu Maqfiroch; Windri Lesmana Rubai; Ifa Najiyati
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v6i2.8779

Abstract

Introduction: Banyumas Regency, with its diverse rural and urban characteristics, is a strategic location to study this condition because of the socio-economic differences, access to education, and family parenting patterns that can influence the level of adolescent depression. This study aims to analyze the relationship between internal and external factors and depression levels in adolescents Therefore, the study draws on data from both rural and urban settings, offering a comprehensive understanding without conducting rural–urban comparisons. Methods: This study was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design between social support, emotional autonomy, self-efficacy, parenting patterns, and parental attachment with adolescent depression level in Banyumas Regency. The study population was all junior high school students in Banyumas Regency, with a sample determined using the Slovin formula of 307 respondents and proportional random sampling techniques. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test and ordinal logistic regression to examine the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. Results: Emotional autonomy, self-efficacy, and social support were significantly associated with depression levels (p value < 0.05). Adolescents with lower self-efficacy (AOR = 1.90; 95% CI: 1.23–2.91) and inadequate social support (AOR = 1.71; 95% CI: 1.08–2.7) had higher odds of elevated depressive symptoms, indicating that high self-efficacy and adequate social support act as protective factors. Emotional autonomy showed an association in bivariate analysis but was not independently significant after adjusting for age and gender. Depression levels did not have any significant relationship with parenting patterns and parental attachment. Men adolescents were less likely to have high depressive symptoms than females. Conclusion: Self-efficacy and sufficient social support level are protective factors against depression in the adolescents. Depression among adolescents may be prevented, using intervention programs in schools and families that improve self-efficacy, problem-focused coping, and social support.
A Quasi-Experimental Study of a Pharmacist-Led Community Educational Intervention on Medication Knowledge and Adherence among Older Adults with Chronic Illness in Surakarta Risma Sakti Pambudi; Khotimatul Khusna; Ratih Sakti Prastiwi; Adi Wardhana Amrullah; Ulfah Nur Hanna; Meri Agustina
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v6i2.8841

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension are increasingly prevalent among older adults and require long-term medication use. Despite receiving routine health education in primary care, many patients continue to show gaps in medication knowledge and adherence, which can lead to poor treatment outcomes. Pharmacist-led education has the potential to address these gaps by combining professional guidance with behavioral reinforcement. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a community-based, interactive educational program in improving medication knowledge and adherence among older adults with chronic diseases. Methods: A quasi-experimental pretest–post-test design was conducted between June and August 2025 with 201 participants recruited from five primary health centers in Surakarta, Indonesia. Medication knowledge and adherence were assessed using a structured questionnaire administered before and after two pharmacist-led group education sessions. The educational sessions focused on proper medication use, lifestyle management, and strategies to reduce unintentional nonadherence. The questionnaire evaluated multiple domains of knowledge and self-reported adherence behaviors. Differences between pre- and post-intervention scores were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test, with the level of statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Results: The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test revealed statistically significant differences between pretest and post-test scores for both medication knowledge and adherence. Knowledge scores increased significantly following the intervention (Z= ?10.624, p < 0.05) indicating improved understanding of medication use and related health behaviors. Adherence scores also showed a significant increase (Z= ?9.767, p < 0.05). The greatest improvements were observed in lifestyle-related knowledge, such as diet and physiscal activity, as well as in behaviors associated with unintentional nonadherence, including forgetting doses or failing to bring medications while traveling. Minimal changes were observed in knowledge regarding diabetes-specific medications, showed minimal change, suggesting adequate baseline familiarity. Conclusion: The pharmacist-led community educational intervention was associated with statistically significant improvements in medication knowledge and adherence among older adults with chronic diseases. Further research is needed to assess the sustainability of these improvements over longer follow-up periods and across different primary healthcare settings.

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