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Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
ISSN : 24606065     EISSN : 25483013     DOI : 10.15408/jkv
Core Subject : Science,
Chemistry
Jurnal Kimia Valensi is a biannual and peer-reviewed open access journal published by Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. This journal covering all aspect of chemistry.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 425 Documents
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Synthesis and Characterization of Calcium Oxide Nanoparticles from Duck Eggshells using Ball Milling Methods Ade Yeti Nuryantini; Citra Deliana Dewi Sundari; Halimahtussa’diah Halimahtussa’diah; Bebeh Wahid Nuryadin
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI Volume 5, No. 2, November 2019
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (955.108 KB) | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v5i2.8779

Abstract

Calcium oxide (CaO) nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized from duck eggshells using ball milling method followed by simple calcination at 700°C for 7 hours. The observation on the morphology, size and shape of the particles of the eggshells powder was conducted through scanning electron microscope (SEM). The milling time was varied, i.e. 2, 6, 10, and 20 hours to observe the difference on the size of the produced particle. SEM images shows that the smallest average particle diameter was 520 nm, achieved by 20 hours of milling. When the particles were calcined, the average diameter was further reduced to 394 nm. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that the resulting particles contain calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, and calcium carbonate. 
Preparation and Characterization of Chitosan Membranes from Crab Shells (Scylla olivacea) for Beverage Preservative Reni Mulyani; Dikdik Mulyadi; Nopriana Yusuf
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI Volume 5, No. 2, November 2019
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (734.623 KB) | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v5i2.10637

Abstract

Chitosan can extend the shelf life of food and can be used in food preservation. Chitosan is derived from the shell of the animal crustacean, and is a derivative of the chitin polymer. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the use of chitosan membrane as an antibacterial compound and its application in pineapple juice products. Chitosan isolation is carried out through three stages, namely deproteination, demineralization, and deacetylation. Determination of the degree of deacetylation using the infrared spectroscopy method and the preservative effectiveness test was carried out based on SNI 01-2332.3-2006 concerning the testing of the Total Plate Count (ALT). Crab chitosan obtained from white-brown isolation results, soluble in 1% acetic acid and the value of the degree of deacetylation (DD) of chitosan crab is 81%. The addition of 1.5% crab chitosan membrane to pineapple juice can reduce bacterial growth until the 20th day with a total plate value (ALT) of 9.1x103 CFU / ml.
Analisis Logam Fe dengan Teknik Voltammetri Pelucutan Anodik Pulsa Diferensial dalam Tanaman Pakcoy dari Perkebunan Sayur Bedugul Bali Irdhawati Irdhawati; Rosanti Suryani Tince Mbatu; Emmy Sahara
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI Volume 4, No. 2, November 2018
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (982.25 KB) | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v4i2.7588

Abstract

Pakcoy is one of the most popular vegetable. The use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides contain heavy metals can contaminate pakcoy vegetable. This research aims to determine the validity of measurements and concentration of Fe in pakcoy using differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry technique.The working, reference, and counter electrodes were platinum disk, Ag/AgCl, and Pt wire, respectively. The optimum measurement results of the standard solutions of Fe(III) obtained the optimum deposition time was 70 seconds, the optimum scan rate was 10 mV/s, and the optimum deposition potential at -0.47 V. A linear concentration of standard solution of Fe(III) observed at the range of 50 ppb~500 ppb, with correlation coefficient 0.9954. Limit of detection was 50.18 ppb. The repetition of 10 times measurements had a Horwitz ratio of less than 2. Percent recovery was 100.26% ± 0.27%. The average of Fe(III) concentration in the samples from 5 (five) locations of the pakcoy sampling contains 3.82±0.29 ppm, less than SNI treshold line of 5.0 ppm.  
Preparation and Characterization of Composite Cellulose Acetate/NaA Zeolite/Alumina Membrane and Its Application in Vetiver Oil’s Pervaporation Asep Hadian Hadinata; Engela Evy Ernawati; Agnes Rezky Siahaan
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI Volume 5, No. 2, November 2019
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (897.031 KB) | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v5i2.11698

Abstract

Rice husk is an agricultural waste that contains cellulose. Risce husk’s cellulose can be converted to cellulose acetate. Cellulose acetate (CA) is widely used as membrane’s material for pervaporation. This material has high swelling degree that can influence its performance. The membrane’s performance can be improved by addition of minerals such zeolite and alumina. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics and the best composition of CA/NaA zeolite/alumina composite membrane (CA/Na/Al) for pervaporation of Vetiver oil. Methods that has been done were acetylation of rice husk’s cellulose, synthesis of composite membrane, characterization, and pervaporation of Vetiver oil. Focused characteristics of membrane were its swelling degree, mechanical strength, and its morphology. Composite CA/Na/Al membrane has lower swelling degree than CA/NaA membrane because the existence of alumina that fill CA matrix. The optimum mechanical strength was gained by adding 2% alumina to membrane. But, composite CA/Na/Al 3% membrane was the best composition due to its performance. Membrane performance including its flux and the percentage of vetiverol gained (Cp), with flux value 367.83 g.m-2.h-1 and Cp value 15.584%.
PCR Multipleks untuk Identifikasi Mycobacterium tuberculosis Resisten terhadap Isoniazid dan Rifampisin pada Galur Lokal Balai Laboratorium Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Barat Iman Permana Maksum; Suhaili Suhaili; Rizki Amalia; Dian Siti Kamara; Saadah Dian Rachman; Rifky W. Rachman
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI Volume 4, No. 2, November 2018
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (649.2 KB) | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v4i2.7226

Abstract

The incidence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) cases has become the biggest source of the problem in the effort to eradicate tuberculosis (TB) disease in Indonesia. MDR-TB is a resistant TB bacteria to the two, at least, first-line TB drugs, e.g., rifampin and isoniazid. Unfortunately, the current diagnostics methods to identify the MDR-TB are still slow, unspecific, and inaccurate. The purpose of this study is to identify the isoniazid- and rifampin-resistant M. tuberculosis (local strain Balai Laboratorium Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Barat) by using multiplex PCR method. The TB bacteria colonies were cultivated in Middlebrook 7h9 broth media, which followed by the isolation of chromosomal DNA. The best PCR condition was achieved by optimizing the annealing temperature, the concentration of magnesium chloride, and a number of the cycle. Multiplex PCR was conducted with inhA1-inhA2, rpoB1- rpoB2, katG1- katG2, and B1-B2 pair primers. Furthermore, the PCR product was characterized on 2% gel agarose electrophoresis which stained by using ethidium bromide. The result showed that isoniazid- and rifampin-resistant M. tuberculosis sample could be identified using multiplex PCR, producing DNA fragments with a size of 71 bp, 124 bp 186 bp, and 200 bp. A non-MDR-TB only produced one DNA fragments with a size of 200 bp. Therefore, it can be concluded that MDR-TB and non-MDR-TB can be distinguished using multiplex PCR with a combination of four pair primers.  
Upgrading Crude Biodiesel dari Minyak Goreng Bekas menggunakan Katalis H-Zeolit Isalmi Aziz; Muhammad Akbar Tafdila; Siti Nurbayti; Lisa Adhani; Wahyu Permata
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI Volume 5, No. 1, May 2019
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (743.983 KB) | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v5i1.10493

Abstract

Crude biodiesel hasil transesterifikasi minyak goreng bekas dapat ditingkatkan kualitasnya melalui proses catalytic cracking menggunakan zeolit alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kondisi optimum proses catalytic cracking dan sifat fisika dan kimia biofuel yang dihasilkan. Reaksi dijalankan dalam reaktor dengan memvariasikan waktu (1, 2 dan 3 jam), konsentrasi katalis (3, 5 dan 7 %), ukuran partikel katalis (180, 250 dan 630μm) dan suhu reaksi (325, 350 dan 375°C). Kondisi optimum proses catalytic cracking crude biodiesel didapatkan pada : waktu  3 jam, konsentrasi katalis 7%, ukuran partikel katalis 180 μm dan suhu reaksi 375°C. Biofuel yang dihasilkan mengandung 6,26% fraksi bensin(C5-C11); 17,6% kerosin (C12-C15), 47,73% biodiesel (C16-C20) dan asam lemak 28,4%. Analisis sifat fisik menunjukan densitas 0,9631g/mL, titik tuang 12°C, titik nyala  49°C dan angka oktan 72,6. Kata kunci: catalytic cracking, crude biodiesel, angka oktan, biofuel. Crude biodiesel from transesterification of used cooking oil can be improved in quality through catalytic cracking using natural zeolite. This study aims to determine the optimum conditions for catalytic cracking and the physical and chemical properties of biofuels produced. The reaction was carried out in the reactor by varying the time (1, 2 and 3 hours), catalyst concentration (3, 5 and 7%), catalyst particle size (180, 250 and 630 μm) and reaction temperature (325, 350 and 375°C) . The optimum conditions for the catalytic cracking crude biodiesel process were obtained at: 3 hours, 7% catalyst concentration, catalyst particle size 180 μm and reaction temperature 375 ° C. The resulting biofuel contains 6.26% gasoline fraction (C5-C11); 17.6% kerosene (C12-C15), 47.73% biodiesel (C16-C20) and fatty acids 28.4%. Physical properties analysis showed density of 0.9631g/mL, pour point 12°C, flash point 49°C and octane number 72.6. Keywords: Catalytic cracking, crude biodiesel, octane number, biofuel. 
Peningkatan Kualitas Crude Glycerol dengan Proses Adsorpsi Menggunakan Sekam Padi Isalmi Aziz; Muhammad Nizar Aristya; Hendrawati Hendrawati; Lisa Adhani
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI Volume 4, No. 1, Mei 2018
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (407.126 KB) | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v4i1.7498

Abstract

Crude glycerol merupakan produk samping pembuatan biodiesel dengan kemurnian yang rendah karena masih mengandung senyawa pengotor seperti metanol, asam lemak bebas, katalis dan air. Senyawa pengotor ini harus dihilangkan supaya kualitas gliserol meningkat dan punya nilai jual yang tinggi. Adsorpsi merupakan salah satu metoda yang dapat digunakan untuk menyerap senyawa pengotor tersebut. Pada penelitian ini digunakan sekam padi sebagai adsorben karena mengandung selulosa. Selain itu sekam padi merupakan limbah, sehingga pemanfaatannya sebagai adsorben akan dapat menekan biaya proses pemurnian crude glycerol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kondisi optimum proses (waktu, suhu, konsentrasi adsorben dan ukuran adsorben), kualitas gliserol yang dihasilkan dan karaktersitik adsorben sebelum dan sesudah adsorpsi (FTIR dan SEM). Crude glycerol terlebih dahulu diasamkan menggunakan asam fosfat dan selanjutnya di ekstraksi menggunakan metanol. Crude glycerol hasil ekstraksi selanjutnya di lakukan adsorpsi menggunakan sekam padi yang sudah diaktivasi. Hasil adsorpsi disaring dan ditentukan kadar gliserolnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi optimum adsorpsi diperoleh pada waktu 75 menit, suhu 90 oC, konsentrasi adsorben 20% dan ukuran adsorben 180 µm. Kualitas gliserol yang dihasilkan memiliki kadar gliserol 97.290%, air 1.698%, abu 0.885%, MONG 0.132%, tidak mengandung gula.  Spektrum FTIR sebelum adsorpsi menunjukkan adanya gugus O-H, C=O, C=C dan C-O dan setelah adsorpsi terjadi penambahan gugus C-H alifatik. Morfologi adsorben sebelum adsorpsi memperlihatkan pori-pori yang terbuka dan setelah adsorpsi pori-pori tersebut tertutupi oleh senayawa pengotor.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v4i1.7498
Potensi Zeolit Alam Ende-NTT sebagai Katalis Transformasi Senyawa Gula Menjadi 5-Hidroksimetilfurfural (HMF) Mela Faradika; Sri Sugiarti; Purwatiningsih Sugita
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI Volume 5, No. 1, May 2019
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (787.714 KB) | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v5i1.8174

Abstract

Sintesis 5-hidroksimetilfurfural (HMF) dari senyawa gula (glukosa dan fruktosa) dengan katalis zeolit alam Ende-Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) menggunakan pelarut dimetil-sulfoksida (DMSO) dan metode refluks telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat efektivitas zeolit alam Ende sebagai katalis transformasi senyawa gula menjadi 5-hidroksimetilfurfural (HMF). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa zeolit alam Ende tanpa aktivasi dan modifikasi (ZA), zeolit teraktivasi asam (ZAA), zeolit teraktivasi basa (ZAB), Na-zeolit teraktivasi asam (Na-ZAA), Na-zeolit teraktivasi basa (Na-ZAB), H-zeolit teraktivasi asam (H-ZAA), dan        H-zeolit teraktivasi basa (H-ZAB) memiliki potensi sebagai katalis untuk transformasi senyawa gula menjadi HMF. Rendemen yang dihasilkan untuk substrat fruktosa berkisar 43-74%, sedangkan untuk substrat glukosa berkisar 2-12%. ZAA memiliki aktivitas katalitik terbaik sebagai katalis dalam mengkonversi fruktosa menjadi HMF dengan rendemen 74.84%, sedangkan untuk substrat glukosa adalah katalis H-ZAA dengan rendemen sebesar 12.77%. Kata kunci: 5-Hidroksimetilfurfural (HMF), fruktosa, glukosa, katalis, zeolit The synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) from sugars (glucose and fructose) with natural zeolite catalyst of Ende-Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) in dimethyl-sulfoxide (DMSO) using reflux method has been done. This study aims to observe the ability of natural zeolite Ende as a catalyst for the transformation of sugar compounds into HMF. According to the research, Ende natural zeolite without activation and modification (ZA), acid activation zeolite (ZAA), alkaline activation zeolite (ZAB), acid activation Na-zeolite (Na-ZAA), alkaline activation Na-zeolite (Na-ZAB), acid activation H-zeolite (H-ZAA) and alkaline activation H-zeolite (H-ZAB) have the ability to transform sugar compounds into HMF. HMF yield for fructose as a substrate was 43-74%, while those for glucose as a substrate was 2-12%. ZAA catalyst had the best catalytic activity as a catalyst in converted fructose to HMF with yield was 74.84%, while for glucose substrate was H-ZAA catalyst with yield was 12.77%. Keywords: 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), catalyst, fructose, glucose, zeolite.
Peningkatan Kualitas Minyak Nilam (Pogostemon Cablin Benth) menggunakan Kombinasi Metode Fermentasi, Delignifikasi dan Destilasi Salih Muharam; Lela Mukmilah Yuningsih; Iim Sulaeman Rohana
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI Volume 3, No. 2, November 2017
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (566.999 KB) | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v0i0.5219

Abstract

Penyulingan minyak nilam tradisional dilakukan dalam kapasitas kecil dan menggunakanmetode penyulingan sederhanaberdasarkan pada perbedaan titik didih yang jauh atau salah satu komponen bersifat volatil. Proses ini menghasilkan kualitas minyak nilam kurang baik seperti bilangan asam lebih dari 8, minyak berwarna gelap, patchouli alkohol kurang dari 30%, dan kadarair tinggi.Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan penyulingan minyak dari tanaman nilammenggunakan kombinasi metode yaitu fermentasi-delignifikasi, destilasi dan pemurnian untuk meningkatkan kualitas minyak nilam. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa kombinasi proses fermentasi-delignifikasi-destilasi-adsorpsi menghasilkan kualitas minyak nilam yang lebih baik dengan kualitas bilangan asam, kandungan patchouli alkohol,  kadar air dan bobot jenis berturut-turut adalah 7.48, 35.60%, 0.56%,0.0957. The traditional distillationof patchouli oil conducted in small capacity and using a simple distillation method based on differences of wide a boiling point or one component is volatile. This process results a poor quality of patchouli oils such as the acid numbers is more than 8, dark-colored oils, patchouli alcohols contentis less than 30%, and high water content. In this research has been done oil distillation from patchouli plants using a combination of methods i.e. fermentation-delignification, distillation and purification to improve of patchouli oil quality. The results show that the combination of the fermentation-delignification-distillation-adsorptionis better in quality of patchouli oil with the acid number, patchouli alcohol content, water content and density were 7.48, 35.60%, 0.56%, and 0.0957 respectively.
Antibacterial Diterpenoid Against Pathogenic Oral Bacteria of Streptococcus Mutans ATCC 25175 Isolated From Sarang Semut (Myrmecodia Pendans) Mieke H Satari; Boima Situmeang; Indah Permata Yudha; Dikdik Kurnia
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI Volume 5, No. 2, November 2019
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (61.465 KB) | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v5i2.8864

Abstract

Discovery of new antibacterial agent to treat oral disease caused by pathogenic oral bacteria is an attracted focus to more pay attention of researcher. The tropical natural product is the promising sources of new bioactive as antibacterial compounds. The epiphyte plant of Sarang Semut (M. pendans) empirically has been used as a drug to treat various diseases. Our previous research found that ethyl acetate extract of Sarang Semut inhibited the bacteria growth of Enterococcus faecalis. This study aims to isolate, structure determination and antibacterial activity evaluation of active compound against Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175. The isolation by combination chromatography on normal and reverse phase resulted an antibacterial compound 1. Based on the analysis of the spectroscopic data including IR, FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 2D-NMR as well as by mass spectroscopic (MS) and compare to reported data, structure of compound 1 was suggested as terpenoid type diterpene derivative. Antibacterial activity evaluation by Kirby-Bauer method of compound 1 against S. mutans ATCC 25175 showed inhibition zone values were 17.8, 14.5 and 11.1 mm at 10000, 5000 and 1000 ppm, respectively, while the MIC and MBC values were 18.125 ppm with MBC of 2500 ppm, respectively.

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