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Hardyanto Soebono
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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30323134     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22146/inajbcs.v56i01.11961
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences (InaJBCS) aims to promote the translational of basic research into clinical studies and of clinical evidence into practice. InaJBCS publishes studies that substantially enhance our standing of disease etiology and physiology; the development of prognostic and diagnostic technologies; trials that test the efficacy of specific interventions and those that compare different treatments. InaJBCS invites authors to submit articles in the fields of biomedical sciences including biomedical genetics, bioinformatics, cardiovascular medicine, endocrinology, gastroenterology, geriatrics, infectious diseases, medical oncology, physiology, pharmacology and toxicology, and phytomedicine medicine.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 143 Documents
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Diagnostic accuracy of clinical and laboratory tests in scabies: A systematic review Stefanie Kusuma; Alfin Harjuno Dwiputro
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 58 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v58i2.2777

Abstract

Scabies is a highly contagious parasitic skin disease with significant global morbidity. Accurate diagnosis is essential for effective treatment and control; however, clinical manifestations are often nonspecific, and the performance of available diagnostic methods varies considerably. This systematic review synthesizes evidence on the diagnostic accuracy of clinical and laboratory-based tests for scabies. It followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science was conducted between 2007 and December 2025 for studies evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of clinical diagnoses.skin scraping, adhesive tape testing, dermoscopy, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Eligible studies included human participants and reported sensitivity and/or specificity. Reference standards varied (clinical diagnosis, microscopy, skin scraping, dermoscopy). Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed quality using QUADAS-2. When sufficient 2×2 data were available, specificity and predictive values were calculated. Due to heterogeneity, a narrative synthesis was conducted. Ten studies (2007–2025) involving 1,054 participants across Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Middle East were included. Skin scraping and adhesive tape testing demonstrated consistently high sensitivity, reaching up to 100% in studies using clinical diagnosis as the reference. Dermoscopy showed variable sensitivity (46–86%), influenced by operator expertise and patient factors. In studies with extractable data, dermoscopy versus microscopy yielded a specificity of 80.95%, with positive and negative predictive values of 84.0% and 85.0%. PCR showed high but heterogeneous sensitivity (74–100%), with improved performance using standardized sampling. Specificity reporting was inconsistent, limiting evaluation of false-positive rates. Skin scraping and adhesive tape testing remain the most sensitive diagnostic methods when mite material is present. Dermoscopy and PCR are useful complementary tools, though performance varies. An integrated diagnostic approach is recommended, and findings should be interpreted cautiously due to heterogeneity and variable reference standards.
A rare case of symmetrical drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema (SDRIFE) Ardisa Pramudita; Inges Prawita Sari; Saraswati Anindhita Kusumaningrum; Sri Awalia Febriana; Fajar Waskito; Dyah Ayu Mira Oktarina; Niken Indrastuti
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 58 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Symmetrical drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema (SDRIFE) is a rare maculopapular drug eruption mediated by type IV hypersensitivity reaction and characterized by symmetrical erythematous involvement of flexural and intertriginous areas without systemic symptoms. This case report describes a rare presentation of SDRIFE and emphasizes the importance of early recognition and prompt withdrawal of the offending drugs. A 27-year-old woman presented with well-demarcated erythematous patches involving the axillae, inframammary region, antecubital fossae, inguinal, popliteal, and gluteal areas following exposure to multiple systemic medications, including cefadroxil, mefenamic acid, amoxicillin, oral dexamethasone, paracetamol, and loratadine. No mucosal involvement or systemic manifestations were observed. Histopathological examination revealed non-specific findings of cutaneous drug eruption. The clinical presentation met the established diagnostic criteria for SDRIFE, and drug causality assessment using the Naranjo Scale identified several medications as probable triggers. Management consisted of discontinuation of the suspected drugs, patient education to avoid re-exposure, and treatment with systemic and topical corticosteroids, resulting in marked clinical improvement within approximately two weeks. Differential diagnoses, including drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), and fixed drug eruption (FDE), were considered and excluded based on clinical features and laboratory findings. Histopathological findings in SDRIFE are known to be variable and non-specific. Although drug patch testing is recommended to identify the causative agent, it has not yet been performed in this case. In conclusion, this report highlights the diagnostic value of clinical criteria and the Naranjo Scale in SDRIFE. It also highlights the importance of early diagnosis and prompt drug withdrawal, particularly in patients exposed to multiple medications.
The effect of the analgesic combination ibuprofen and caffeine on serum levels of alanine aminotransferase in Wistar rats Muhammad Fadel Yudawa; Donna Hermawati; Faizah Fulyani; Astika Widy Utomo
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 58 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v58i2.23576

Abstract

The combination of ibuprofen and caffeine is effective in single-dose oral dosageforms to manage moderate or severe pain in acute postoperative pain. The useof ibuprofen has been reported to result in hepatotoxicity with a hepatocellularform. In contrast, caffeine has been reported to reduce fibrosis in liver tissueby several mechanisms. Gold standard examination to monitor hepatotoxicitycan be done by checking ALT and AST enzymes in the blood. Therefore, it wasnecessary to examine the levels of ALT to assess the opposite effect of these twodrugs on liver function, which had never been studied before. The aim of thestudy was to determine the effect of the analgesic combination of ibuprofenand caffeine on serum ALT levels of male Wistar rats. This was an experimentalpost-test only control group design using 24 Wistar rats divided into 4 groups, 1control groups and 3 intervention groups. ALT levels were measured using theendpoint enzymatic assay method (Berthelot) with a spectrophotometer. Datawere analyzed using SPSS, and a p <0.05 was considered significant. The resultsof the One-Way ANOVA test showed a significant difference (p=0.002) betweenall groups. The results of the Post-Hoc test showed a significant difference in thecontrol to the group 2 (IBU) treatment (p=0.026), the control to the group 4 (IBUCAF)treatment (p=0.029), the group 2 (IBU) treatment to the group 3 (CAF) treatment(p=0.001), and the group 3 (CAF) treatment to the group 4 (IBUCAF) treatment (p=0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the control to the group 3(CAF) treatment (p=0.150) and the group 2 (IBU) treatment to the group 4 (IBUCAF)treatment (p=0.955). In conclusion, co-administration of caffeine and ibuprofendid not potentiate hepatotoxicity compared with ibuprofen monotherapy, despitecaffeine independently could induced significant hepatic injury.
Effect of visual search training on quality of life and visual performance: a systematic review Faris Khairuddin Syah; Diah Kurnia Mirawati; Pepi Budianto; Hanindia Riani Prabaningtyas; Raden Andi Ario Tedjo; Muhammad Hafizhan; Taufiq Wildan Laksono; Amalia Fitri Puspitasari; Muvida Muvida; Muhammad Yusuf Brilliant Pradana
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 58 No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v58i2.28198

Abstract

Homonymous hemianopia is a common and debilitating complication of post-chiasmal brain injury. Visual search training (VST) is a common compensation strategy used to improve object detection in the blind visual field. This review aims to synthesize the evidence regarding the effects of VST on quality of life, visual performance, and the characteristics of intervention protocols used across studies. This systematic review included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and quasi-experimental studies. Eligible studies were screened and data were extracted independently, and the risk of bias and intervention protocolswere assessed. Eight studies met the eligibility criteria. Visual search training and related visual rehabilitation interventions are generally well tolerated, with no major safety concerns identified. Reported adverse events were predominantly mild, transient, and non-physical, and were more commonly associated with comparator interventions or logistical aspects of participation. More information on safety monitoring and standardized protocol is needed in future trials.
The effect of 4 weeks chair-based exercise on cognitive function in the elderly Roy Mal; Mariani Santosa; Nawanto Agung Prastowo; Nelson Sudiyono; Ignatio Rika Haryono
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 57 No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v57i4.12067

Abstract

Degenerative processes in the central nervous system contribute to in cognitive function decline in the elderly. Physical exercise may prevent this decline. However, elderly people often require modified forms of activity to ensure both safety and effectiveness. This study aimed to investigate the the effect of chair-based exercise (CBE) on cognitive function in elderly people. This study was conducted a two nursing homes using a two-group pretest and posttest experimental design with a control group. All participants were informed about the procedures of study, provided written informed consent, and underwent an initial cognitive assessment using the mini-mental state examination (MMSE). Participants in the intervention group engaged in CBE sessions over a four-week period. Following the intervention, cognitive function was reassessed in both groups. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to analyze within-group changes, while independent t-tests were used to assess between-group differences in cognitive function scores. A significant improvement in cognitive function was observed in the intervention group after the four-week CBE program (p = 0.008). Moreover, a significant between-group difference in cognitive score changes was found (p = 0.003), favoring the intervention group. In conclusion, a four-week CBE program significantly improved cognitive function among elderly participants. These findings support the use of CBE as an accessible and effective intervention to promote cognitive health in elderly people.
Establishing the diagnosis of fournier gangrene using the modified laboratory risk indicator for necrotizing fasciitis (LRINEC) score in children: A case report Laily Noor Qomariah; Asri Yuniarti; Triyoga; He-Yeon Asva Nafaisa; Agnes Sri Siswati
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 57 No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v57i4.16216

Abstract

Fournier’s gangrene (FG) is a form of necrotizing fasciitis that affects the genital and perineal areas. It is rare case in children and is often difficult to diagnose early, contributing to high morbidity and mortality. Prompt diagnosis and aggressive management are essential to reduce life-threatening complications. We report 2 mo. male infant presented with fever and an abrupt onset of rapidly spreading erythematous rash. Laboratory examinations showed leukocytosis, anemia, neutrophilia, hyponatremia, and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. An evaluation was performed using the pediatric laboratory risk indicator for necrotizing fasciitis (P-LRINEC), a modified version of the LRINEC score. The patient had a total score of 10, indicating a high risk of necrotizing fasciitis. The patient underwent immediate debridement and empirical antibiotic therapy. A 2 wk post-therapy evaluation showed significant clinical improvement. Fournier’s gangrene in children often resembles other skin infections, making early diagnosis difficult. The 3 main characteristics of FG are sudden onset, rapid progression, and lack of a clear specific cause. The P-LRINEC score is a diagnostic tool that can aid in the early detection of FG in children. This case highlights the importance of early recognition and management of Fournier’s gangrene in children using the P-LRINEC score, which is more appropriate for pediatric patients, to enable timely intervention. Increased clinical awareness and further validation through larger-scale studies are needed.
In vivo assay of Gigantochloa apus shoot extract as biolarvicide for myiasis-causing fly larvae Aqsa Aufa Syauqi Sadana; Hermawan Istiadi; Ryan Halleyantoro; Muflihatul Muniroh
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 57 No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v57i4.16307

Abstract

The use of synthetic insecticides in treating myiasis is associated with adverse side effects and potential disruption of metabolic systems, prompting interest in natural alternatives. This study investigated the in vivo larvicidal efficacy of Gigantochloa apus bamboo shoot extract, formulated as a spray gel. Twenty-five Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: a negative control group, a positive control (ivermectin), and 3 treatment groups receiving of 1%, 3%, and 5% G. apus bamboo shoot extract. Myiasis was induced by introducing fly larvae into standardized wounds. Treatments were applied topically twice daily for 32 hr, and larval mortality was assessed every 8 hr. Phytochemical screening and GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and hydrogen cyanide, all of which are known for their larvicidal, neurotoxic, and antiproliferative properties. The 5% extract group showed the highest mortality rate (100%) at 32 hr. The LC50 and LC95 values were determined at 1.43% and 6.01%, respectively. Compared to the standard ivermectin treatment, the 5% extract demonstrated a shorter lethal time and more rapid larval death. Morphological examination revealed darker abdominal segments in the dead larvae, indicating a potential interaction with the digestive tract. These findings indicate that G. apus bamboo shoot extract has potential larvicidal activity and can be an effective natural alternative for treating myiasis.
Diagnostic challenges and clinical insight of medial thigh hemangiolymphangioma in adult: A rare case report Dwinanda Almira Rizkiani; Niken Trisnowati; Miya Khalidah; Marcella Anggatama; Dyah Ayu Mira Oktarina
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 57 No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v57i4.17129

Abstract

Vascular anomalies are classified into vascular tumors and vascular malformations. Hemangiolymphangioma (HLA) is a rare vascular malformation that contains both blood and lymphatic components, most commonly diagnosed in infancy or early childhood. Adult cases, especially in atypical locations such as the medial thigh, are exceedingly rare and pose diagnostic challenges. A 27 yo female presented with a slowly enlarging, painless lump on the left medial thigh. Initially misdiagnosed as condyloma acuminata, the lesion was subsequently identified as a vascular malformation through dermoscopic visualization of characteristic vascular lacunae. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses confirmed the diagnosis of HLA. Surgical excision was performed with clear margins, and no recurrence was observed after 3 mo. Hemangiolymphangiomas are benign but may exhibit local infiltration and recurrence, especially after incomplete resection. Diagnosis requires a multimodal approach including clinical assessment, dermoscopy, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry. Differential diagnosis includes hemangioma, lymphangioma, and malignancies such as lymphangiosarcoma. Complete surgical excision remains the treatment of choice, with other modalities like electrocautery or cryotherapy considered in selected cases. Long-term follow-up is crucial due to the risk of recurrence. In conclusion, this rare adult case of medial thigh HLA highlights the importance of considering vascular malformations in atypical anatomical sites. Early recognition and comprehensive diagnostic evaluation facilitate appropriate management and improve patient outcomes
The relationship between the quality of life diabetic patients with family function and social support at the Endocrine Polyclinic of the Dr. Zainoel Abidin Regional General Hospital (RSUDZA), Banda Aceh Inike Gujamela Maha; M. Yani; Juwita; Liza Salawati; Syahrizal; Muhammad Antor Riady; Agus Hendra Al Rahmad
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 57 No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v57i4.18108

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic, non-communicable disease that affects patients quality of life (QoL), which can be influenced by family function and social support. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship betweenfamily function social support, and QoL of patients with DM at the Endocrine Polyclinic of RSUDZA Banda Aceh. This was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design, employing convenience sampling methods of 96 respondents and using self-report instruments. Data were analyzed using the Spearman test at a 95% confidence interval and α=0.05. The results showed that 86.2% of respondents had good family function, 72.9% had good social support, and 82.3% had a good QoL. There was a significant relationship between familyfunction, social support, and quality of life (p<0.05). In conclusion improving family functioning and social support may enhance the QoL of patients with DM.
The association between PD-L1 expression and the survival rate of patients with undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma Indrawati; Auliya Suluk Brilliant Sumpono; Vivin Febriani; Kartika Widyawati Taroeno-Hariadi; Sagung Rai Indrasari; Camelia Herdini; Rheza Gandi Bawono; Ery Kus Dwianingsih
Indonesian Journal of Biomedicine and Clinical Sciences Vol 58 No 3 (2026)
Publisher : Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/inajbcs.v58i3.19542

Abstract

Programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) plays a key role in tumor immune evasion. However, its prognostic significance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains unclear. This study evaluated the association between PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological features and survival outcomes in patients with NPC. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 80 patients diagnosed with non-keratinizing undifferentiated NPC between 2015 and 2019. PD-L1 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry using the 22C3 antibody and quantified as the tumor proportion score. Associations with clinicopathological variables were analyzed, and overall survival was evaluated using Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analysis. PD-L1 expression was negative in 72.5% of cases, positive in 18.8% of cases, and strongly positive in 8.7% of cases. PD-L1 expression was not significantly associated with age, sex, disease stage, treatment modality, or overall survival (HR 1.71; p = 0.494). PD-L1 expression on tumor cells was not associated with clinicopathological characteristics or survival in non-keratinizing undifferentiated NPC. These findings suggest that PD-L1 alone is not a reliable prognostic biomarker for this NPC subtype, highlighting the need for integrated immune and molecular analyses in future studies.

Page 13 of 15 | Total Record : 143

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