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INDONESIA
IJOBI
Published by Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
ISSN : 30320216     EISSN : 30320194     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21831
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Neuroscience
This journal publishes manuscripts of research articles and studies related to Biology including Zoology, Botany, Genetics, Microbiology, Ecology, and Applied Biology.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 23 Documents
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ZOOPLANKTON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN THE RAINY SEASON AS A BIOINDICator OF WATER QUALITY IN NAMBERAN TELAGA GUNUNGKIDUL DISTRICT Nurrahmantyo, Guntang; Sudarsono
Indonesian Journal of Bioscience (IJOBI) Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Bioscience (IJOBI)
Publisher : Department of Biology Education FMIPA Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta in collaboration with Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ijobi.v2i1.617

Abstract

This research aims to determine: (1) The structure of the zooplankton community in Telaga Namberan, Gunungkidul Regency, (2) The chemical and physical conditions of the waters in Telaga Namberan, Gunungkidul Regency, (3) The relationship between the structure of the zooplankton community and water quality in Telaga Namberan, Regency Gunungkidul. This research is exploratory research with observational research methods. Sampling was carried out at 6 stations 2 times with 3 repetitions. The research results show that the abundance value is 16216.56 - 877388.54 ind/L, meaning it is classified as water with high nutrient levels. The average dominance value of 0.495 means that the community structure is in a stable condition. The average diversity value is 1.098, meaning that the number of individuals of each species is relatively evenly distributed with fairly stable water conditions. The average evenness value is 0.501, meaning it has even species and the community is relatively stable. Frequency of attendanceCyclopssp., Nauplius sp., Notholca sp 1 always appear at all stations because they can adapt and fit to live in the environment.
FISH SAUCE FERMENTATION OF SKIPJACK FISH (Katsuwonus pelamis L.) AT VARIOUS INCUBATION TIMES AND CONCENTRATIONS OF CRUDE PAPAIN ENZYME Wiyati, Retno; Ariyanti, Nur Aeni
Indonesian Journal of Bioscience (IJOBI) Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Bioscience (IJOBI)
Publisher : Department of Biology Education FMIPA Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta in collaboration with Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ijobi.v2i1.618

Abstract

This study aims to determine the differences in variations of crude papain enzyme concentration and optimal fermentation time on the microbiological quality of skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis L.) fish sauce. This research is an experimental study with two variables: 2 different enzyme concentrations (5% and 10%) and 3 different periods (3, 7 and 11 days). The microbiological tests include the Escherichia coli contamination test, total microbial test, and total lactic acid bacteria test. Physical tests include water content tests, pH tests, and organoleptic tests. The results showed that the enzyme concentration and fermentation time affected the microbiological quality of skipjack tuna sauce. The sample with an enzyme concentration of 10% and a fermentation time of 11 days was the best sample of skipjack tuna fish sauce because no E. coli bacteria were found (negative), the total BAL test result was 8.2 x 103 cfu/mL, and the TPC result was 7.1 x 103 cfu/mL which meets SNI standards for Fish Sauce No. 01-4271-1996. This sample also had the best organoleptic test results: a non-fishy aroma, savory taste, and dark brown color. Based on the pH test, samples with enzyme concentrations of 5% and 10% and a fermentation time of 3 days have a pH value that meets the requirements, namely 5.88 (pH requirement 5-6). The results of the water content test showed that all samples did not meet the standards.
IN VITRO INDUCTION OF CALLUS ON AGLAONEMA "BUTTERFLY" LEAVES WITH A COMBINATION OF 2,4-D AND BAP Ardhika Ratri, Jessie; Ratnawati
Indonesian Journal of Bioscience (IJOBI) Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Bioscience (IJOBI)
Publisher : Department of Biology Education FMIPA Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta in collaboration with Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ijobi.v2i1.619

Abstract

This research aims to determine the effect of variations and the concentration level of 2,4-D in a medium containing BAP which gives the best for callus formation on Aglaonema Butterfly in vitro. This research is an experimental study using 2,4-D (ppm; 0.5 ppm; 1 ppm; 2 ppm; 4 ppm) and 1.2 ppm BAP. Explants were taken from young leaves of the 2nd and 3rd Aglaonema Butterfly from the shoots, with the size of the explants being 1 x 2 cm. The parameters observed were callus emergence time, the percentage of explants forming callus, the average callus size, the rate of surviving explants, and the level of explant browning. The variation of 2,4-D in a medium containing BAP affected the callus emergence time, the percentage of explants forming callus, and the average of Aglaonema Butterfly callus size. The best treatment was at a concentration 2 ppm 2,4-D + 1.2 ppm BAP concentration at 4 weeks after planting, with 50% of explants forming callus, the average callus size was 0.82 mm, live explants were 87.5%, and the lowest browning rates.
THE EFFECTIVITY OF EM4 MADE FROM BACTERIA Bacillus sp. FOR COMPOSTING HOUSEHOLD WASTE AND ON THE GROWTH OF CAYENNE PEPPER PLANT (Capsicum frutescens L) Saputri, Maulin Otto; Suhandoyo, Suhandoyo
Indonesian Journal of Bioscience (IJOBI) Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Bioscience (IJOBI)
Publisher : Department of Biology Education FMIPA Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta in collaboration with Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ijobi.v2i1.620

Abstract

This study aims to determine the influence of differences in EM4 dosage made from Bacillus sp. and cow dung against composting household waste, to find the best dose to speed up household waste composting, and to test the resulting compost on the growth of cayenne pepper plants (Capsicum frutescens L). This is a 2-stage experiment. The first stage is the effectiveness of composting using a Completely Randomized Factorial design, and the second stage is a biological test by looking at the growth of chili plant seeds using a Completely Randomized Design. The object of this research is household waste that has not undergone decomposition, incubated in the same tub with 4 different dosage levels ( 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%), and 3 different treatments with cow dung (1:2 and 1:4). Each treatment was repeated 3 times. This treatment lasted 41 days, followed by the second stage, where the resulting compost was used for cayenne pepper. Each treatment was carried out 5 times over 15 days with 4 observations. The parameters observed were the physical results of the compost (color, odor, and structure), temperature, composting pH, plant height, number of leaves, wet weight, and dry weight of cayenne pepper plants. Data were analyzed descriptively in stages one and two using One-way ANOVA, then continued with the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that using EM4 made from Bacillus sp. mixed with cow dung affects the quality of the composting results. The optimal concentration for making household waste fertilizer is 10%. Household waste fertilizer significantly affects the growth of cayenne pepper plants, as seen from all observation parameters, namely plant height, number of leaves, fresh weight, and dry weight.
INHIBITION OF MANGKOKAN LEAF (Nothopanax scutellarium Merr.) ETHANOL EXTRACT ON THE GROWTH OF Salmonella typhimurium BACTERIA Sari, Herninda Dhama; Octavia, Bernadetta
Indonesian Journal of Bioscience (IJOBI) Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Bioscience (IJOBI)
Publisher : Department of Biology Education FMIPA Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta in collaboration with Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ijobi.v2i1.747

Abstract

Typhoid fever is an infectious disease of the digestive tract caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium. Mangkukan leaf (Nothopanax scutellarin Merr.) can be an alternative treatment because it contains flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and alkaloids. This study aimed to determine the ability of Mangkukan leaf extract as an antibacterial in inhibiting the growth of S. Typhimurium bacteria. This study used a factorial completely randomized design consisting of two factors, namely the concentration of the extract and the age of the inoculum with 4 repetitions. The concentration of the extract used was 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, and 80%, equipped with the positive control (chloramphenicol), and negative control (aqua dest), while the age of the inoculum was based on the growth phase of the test bacteria, namely 3 hours, 6 hours, 18 hours. hours, and 24 hours. Antibacterial activity testing was carried out using the Disc Diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer Test). The test concentrations of 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, and 80% test concentrations resulted in inhibition zone diameters of 3.41 mm, 5.4 mm, 6.04 mm, 7.43 mm, and 9.48 mm, respectively. The 80% concentration of ethanol extract from the kukukan leaf was effective in inhibiting the growth of S. typhimurium bacteria with an antibacterial effectiveness value of 60.81%.
Identification and Mercury Sensitivity Test of Rhizosphere Bacteria From Ageratum conyzoides Plants Growing In Ratatotok Gold Mine, North Sulawesi Rania Nur Farida; Anna Rakhmawati; Tien Aminatun; Sri Atun
Indonesian Journal of Bioscience (IJOBI) Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Bioscience (IJOBI)
Publisher : Department of Biology Education FMIPA Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta in collaboration with Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ijobi.v2i2.933

Abstract

Indonesia is known for its abundant natural resources, such as gold. However, the mercury-based amalgamation method in illegal gold mining causes environmental pollution. This research explores the potential of utilizing mercury-resistant rhizosphere bacteria from Ageratum conyzoides, a gold hyperaccumulator plant, to develop an effective bioremediation strategy for contaminated gold mining areas. This descriptive-exploratory study aims to identify and determine the sensitivity of mercury in five rhizosphere bacteria isolates from previous research. Bacteria were isolated from the roots of Ageratum conyzoides growing in the Ratatotok gold mining area of North Sulawesi. Bacteria identification was determined using profile-matching methods based on microscopic, macroscopic, physiological, and biochemical features. Similarity Indexes were determined using dendrogram visualization with MVSP software. Mercury sensitivity was analyzed using the cup-plate technique, varying mercury concentrations from 0 ppm to concentrations where clear zones appeared, indicating bacterial growth inhibition. The result indicated that the five isolates were bacteria from the genera Alcaligenes, Pseudomonas, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, and Micrococcus. Notably, Pseudomonas showed the highest potential for mercury resistance, being mercury sensitive at a concentration of 470 ppm, followed by Alcaligenes (110 ppm), Enterococcus (30 ppm), and both Streptococcus and Micrococcus (20 ppm).
Tolerance of Earthworms (Eudrilus eugeniae) to 2,4-D Dimethyl Amine Herbicide Suhandoyo; Aji, Gesang Putranto Dwi
Indonesian Journal of Bioscience (IJOBI) Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Bioscience (IJOBI)
Publisher : Department of Biology Education FMIPA Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta in collaboration with Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ijobi.v2i2.1055

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine (1) the tolerance of earthworms (Eudrilus eugeniae) to the herbicide 2,4-D dimethyl amine, and (2) the response of increased biomass, behavior, and morphology of earthworms (Eudrilus eugeniae) when exposed to subletal doses of the herbicide 2,4-D dimethyl amine. This research is an experimental research conducted in two stages of research. The first stage to look at herbicide toxicity, includes LD50, upper threshold, and lower threshold. The second stage is a follow-up test study using a one-factor Complete Random Design (RAL) to determine the effect of subletal dose of LD50-48 hours on the increase in biomass, behavior, and morphology of earthworms (Eudrilus eugeniae). The object of the study is the earthworm (Eudrilus eugeniae) which already has a clitelum with a biomass of 25 grams for each treatment tank. Data analysis was carried out with Proit Analysis to determine the upper threshold, lower threshold, and LD50 value while the analysis of the difference in earthworm biomass from the treatment group was carried out using  the One-Way ANOVA test  at a significance level of 95%. The average treatment was further tested using the DMRT test in the SPSS version 24.0 program. The results showed that: (1) earthworm tolerance to the herbicide 2,4-D dimethyl amine, at the  upper threshold value of 9996.014 ppm, the lower threshold of 3409.972 ppm, the LD50-48 hours of 9015.858 ppm which is practically non-toxic, (2) the response of earthworms (Eudrilus eugeniae) when exposed  to subletal doses of the herbicide 2,4-D dimethyl amine herbicideIt is characterized by a reduced earthworm appetite, a shrinking body shape, and a decrease in biomass.
Characterization And Identification of Halophilic Bacteria (Rastrelliger sp.) Extracellular Lipase Generator in Beringharjo Market Octavia, Bernadetta; Rakhmawati, Anna
Indonesian Journal of Bioscience (IJOBI) Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Bioscience (IJOBI)
Publisher : Department of Biology Education FMIPA Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta in collaboration with Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ijobi.v2i2.1056

Abstract

Advances in biotechnology have allowed for the widespread use of lipase enzymes. One of the producers of lipase enzymes is halophilic bacteria. This study aims to determine the characteristics and genus, as well as the kinship relationship between lipase-producing halophilic bacterial isolates from salted fish (Rastrelliger sp.) in Beringharjo Market, Yogyakarta. Salted fish samples were isolated on Nutrient Agar + 3% NaCl + Tween 80 + 0.1% Rhodamine-B selective media to grow lipase-producing halophilic bacteria. Identification was carried out by the matching profile method based on Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology. The kinship relationship between bacterial isolates was classified using MVSP 3.1 software with the UPGMA clustering algorithm and constructed in the form of a dendogram.
Structure, Function, and Benefits of Chloroplast DNA: Review Article Akhmad Taufiq; Faustine Rahma Amelia; Zaskya Anjung Fortuna; Aulia Nyndita Wardani; Indraswari Ayu Camelia
Indonesian Journal of Bioscience (IJOBI) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Bioscience (IJOBI)
Publisher : Department of Biology Education FMIPA Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta in collaboration with Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ijobi.v3i1.1061

Abstract

Chloroplasts are double-membrane organelles that contain extranuclear DNA. The existence of this chloroplast genome (cpDNA) has an essential value for plant survival. This article will guide readers to comprehensively explore and answer questions about cpDNA, including the structure, function, mechanism expression, and inheritance, as well as the benefits of cpDNA. The method and analysis used are articles reviewed by searching, collecting, and analyzing related research articles. The main results obtained are the chloroplast genome in the form of a single quadripartite circular, its primary function for the synthesis of photosynthetic enzymes, and other functions as the biosynthesis of macromolecular compounds and secondary chloroplast metabolites, and plays a role in response to environmental stress, while the replication mechanism follows the maternal pattern in most Angiosperms and paternal in most Gymnosperms. The benefits of the chloroplast genome itself include the manufacture of recombinant pharmaceutical proteins, DNA barcoding, and Transplastomic. These results indicate that cpDNA has a crucial role in the survival of plants and humans. Further research and review regarding the relationship between environmental variables and the chloroplast genome are needed to complete the discussion on cpDNA.
The Dynamics of Natural Resource and Environmental Management in Indonesia: Evaluation of Current Policies, Implementation of the Nagoya Protocol, and Sustainability Challenges puji sri lestari
Indonesian Journal of Bioscience (IJOBI) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): Indonesian Journal of Bioscience (IJOBI)
Publisher : Department of Biology Education FMIPA Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta in collaboration with Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ijobi.v3i1.1501

Abstract

Biodiversity is a fundamental component for maintaining ecological balance and sustaining life on Earth. However, anthropogenic pressures such as deforestation, pollution, climate change, and overexploitation have accelerated biodiversity loss globally, including in Indonesia. This paper critically examines the dynamics of biodiversity management in Indonesia through the evaluation of current environmental policies, the implementation of the Nagoya Protocol, and the transition toward sustainable resource governance. The study incorporates theoretical insights from ecological and evolutionary biodiversity frameworks, analyzing threats and responses using recent national policies such as PES schemes, carbon taxation, and emission trading systems. Findings indicate that while Indonesia has made significant progress in integrating biodiversity protection into national development—through legal, fiscal, and conservation mechanisms—implementation challenges remain, particularly in enforcing benefit-sharing regulations under the Nagoya Protocol. Addressing these challenges requires enhanced institutional coordination, community-based participation, and international cooperation. This study contributes to the discourse on biodiversity governance and sustainable development policy in megadiverse countries.

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