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Escalate : Economics and Business Journal
Published by PT. Takaza Innovatix Labs
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30254213     DOI : https://doi.org/10.61536/escalate
Core Subject : Economy,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance
Escalate invites both empirical and theoretical articles that explore micro and macro phenomena. The journals publication scope encompasses a wide array of domains, including macro and micro economics, business strategy and policy, entrepreneurship, finance and accounting studies, human resource management, marketing, organizational behavior, organizational theory, and research methods.
Arjuna Subject : Bisnis, Menejemen, dan Akutansi (semua kategori) - Bisnis, Menejemen, dan Akutansi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 358 Documents
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Strategy to Strengthen the Competitiveness of PT Bio Farma's (Persero) Vaccine Business Using Porter's Generic Strategies Approach Desti Mutiah; Caesar Octoviandy Purba; Hafid Aditya Pradesa; Nanda Ravenska
Escalate : Economics and Business Journal Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Escalate : Economics and Business Journal
Publisher : Takaza Innovatix Labs Ltd.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61536/escalate.v4i4.850

Abstract

This research is motivated by the increasingly fierce competition in the vaccine industry and the need for PT Bio Farma (Persero) to maintain and strengthen the competitiveness of its vaccine business. The study aims to analyze the internal and external environments and formulate strategies to strengthen the competitiveness of PT Bio Farma (Persero)'s vaccine business. The study used a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The research instruments included researchers, interview and observation guides, and documentation. While data analysis was carried out through data collection, reduction, presentation, and verification, followed by IFE, EFE, IE, SWOT, and Porter's Generic Strategies analysis. The results showed that the IE matrix placed the company in quadrant V or hold and maintain with market penetration and product development strategies, while the SWOT matrix generated 12 alternative strategies. The conclusion of the study showed that the differentiation strategy had the highest level of suitability and was the main strategy because it was supported by quality, international standards, R&D, innovation, technology, reputation, service, and distribution.
The Effect of Operational Cash Flow, Sales Growth and Production Costs on Net Profit at PT Mayora Indah Tbk Period 2015-2025 Susi Eka Yulianti; Taufik Awaludin
Escalate : Economics and Business Journal Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Escalate : Economics and Business Journal
Publisher : Takaza Innovatix Labs Ltd.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61536/escalate.v4i4.852

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effect of Working Capital Turnover and Sales Growth on Return on Assets (ROA) in product personal care companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2015–2024 period. This study uses a quantitative method with secondary data in the form of annual financial statements. The research sample consisted of four companies selected using purposive sampling techniques. Data analysis was carried out using panel data regression with the help of the EViews 12 program. Based on the results of the Chow test, Hausman test, and Lagrange Multiplier test, the selected model is the Random Effect Model (REM). The results of the study show that partially the Working Capital Turnover does not have a positive and significant effect on ROA with a t-calculation value of 1.649061 and a significance of 0.1076. Sales Growth also had a positive and significant effect on ROA with a t-count value of 2.810271 and a significance of 0.0079. Simultaneously, the two variables had a significant effect on ROA with an F-count value of 5.256035, a significance of 0.009792, and a determination coefficient (Adjusted R²) of 0.221251 or 22.13%, while 77.87% was influenced by other factors outside the study.
Role of Fear of Missing Out in Shopee PayLater Usage Behavior: Perceived Financial Literacy Moderation Aulia
Escalate : Economics and Business Journal Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Escalate : Economics and Business Journal
Publisher : Takaza Innovatix Labs Ltd.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61536/escalate.v4i4.860

Abstract

This study examines the role of Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) in Shopee PayLater usage behavior among Generation Z in Bandung City and the moderating role of perceived financial literacy. Using a quantitative survey of 182 respondents selected through purposive sampling, data were analyzed using Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) with mean centering. The results indicate that FoMO has a positive and significant relationship with Shopee PayLater usage behavior ((β = 0.242), (p < 0.001)). Perceived financial literacy also has a positive and significant direct relationship with usage behavior ((β = 0.356), (p < 0.001)), while its interaction with FoMO is negative and significant ((β = -0.031), (p = 0.021)), indicating that it weakens the positive relationship between FoMO and usage behavior. The model explains 33.2% of the variance in usage behavior ((R^2 = 0.332)). These findings highlight the importance of applying financial knowledge when making digital credit decisions.
The Influence of Knowledge, Attitude, and Resources on the Implementation of Standard Inpatient Class Policy at PKU Muhammadiyah Karanganyar Hospital Febryana Ratna Sari; Billy Zia Napoleon B
Escalate : Economics and Business Journal Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Escalate : Economics and Business Journal
Publisher : Takaza Innovatix Labs Ltd.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61536/escalate.v4i4.869

Abstract

The title and abstract generally communicate the research focus, variables, study setting, research design, and principal findings. The abstract is relatively concise and presents the key statistical results, indicating significant relationships between knowledge and KRIS implementation (p = 0.02) and between resources and implementation (p = 0.02), while attitude does not demonstrate a statistically significant relationship (p = 0.34). These findings provide readers with a clear understanding of the study's main outcomes. Nevertheless, a minor refinement is recommended to improve consistency between the title and the methodological approach. Specifically, the term “influence” in the title could be replaced with “relationship” or “association,” as the cross-sectional correlational design and Chi-square analysis establish statistical associations rather than causal effects. A more methodologically appropriate title would be “The Association of Managerial Knowledge, Attitudes, and Resources with the Implementation of the Standard Inpatient Class (KRIS) Policy at PKU Muhammadiyah Karanganyar Hospital.” Furthermore, the abstract appropriately identifies the 39 hospital managers as the study participants, and this information should be retained to emphasize the specific empirical scope of the research. Overall, the title and abstract provide an adequate representation of the manuscript, requiring only minor refinements to strengthen methodological consistency and academic precision.
Analysis of Decision Support Systems Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Method to Determine Socioeconomic Inequality Priorities (Case Study: Pelabuhanratu District) Regina Fazira; Dudih Gustian; Anton Permana; Aat Suwanto; Azizul Azhar bin Ramli; Deden Witarsyah
Escalate : Economics and Business Journal Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Escalate : Economics and Business Journal
Publisher : Takaza Innovatix Labs Ltd.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61536/escalate.v4i4.872

Abstract

The development of tourism in the UNESCO Global Geopark Ciletuh-Palabuhanratu area has contributed to regional economic growth; However, the benefits have not been equally distributed, resulting in socioeconomic disparities among local communities. This study aims to analyze socioeconomic inequality and determine the priority weight of its influencing indicators using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. A quantitative approach was employed by integrating questionnaire data and online sentiment analysis converted into a Likert scale. Six indicators were used as the evaluation criteria, namely social conflict, land ownership, economic inequality, economic capital ownership, digitalization, and infrastructure. The AHP method was applied to determine the priority weight of each criterion through pairwise comparison and consistency testing. The results show that the Consistency Ratio (CR) is less than 0.10, indicating that the pairwise comparison matrix is ​​consistent and reliable. The weighting results identify the indicators with the greatest influence on socioeconomic inequality in Palabuhanratu District and provide an objective basis for supporting regional development policy decisions. Therefore, the implementation of the AHP method is considered effective in assisting decision-makers in determining development priorities based on socioeconomic inequality indicators.
The Influence of Transportation Costs, Monthly Income, Digital Wallet Use, and Financial Planning on the Frequency of Online Motorcycle Taxi Use Nadhiva Zahra Ayu Ananda Mawlina; Yeti Kusmawati
Escalate : Economics and Business Journal Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Escalate : Economics and Business Journal
Publisher : Takaza Innovatix Labs Ltd.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61536/escalate.v4i4.875

Abstract

This study examines the relationship between transportation costs, monthly income, digital wallet usage, and financial planning and the frequency of online motorcycle taxi use among students in the Management Study Program at Pamulang University. A quantitative approach was employed using purposive sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to seventh- and eighth-semester students who used online motorcycle taxi services. Of the 255 questionnaires distributed, 150 valid and complete responses were included in the analysis. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression and hypothesis testing. The findings indicate that transportation costs, monthly income, and financial planning have positive and statistically significant relationships with the frequency of online motorcycle taxi use (p < .001 for each variable). In contrast, digital wallet usage has a positive but statistically insignificant relationship with usage frequency (t = 0.467, p = .641). Simultaneously, the four independent variables are significantly associated with usage frequency (F = 147.496, p < .001), with an R² value of .803, indicating that the model explains 80.3% of the observed variation in usage frequency. These findings highlight the relevance of economic conditions and financial management behavior in understanding students’ use of online motorcycle taxi services, while suggesting that digital wallet usage does not independently demonstrate a statistically significant relationship when the other variables are considered.
Spiritual Tourism Experience in Melukat Activities in Taman Beji Samuan, Carangsari Ni Kadek Diah Widyantari; Luh Yusni Wiarti; Ida Bagus Gede Agung Widana
Escalate : Economics and Business Journal Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Escalate : Economics and Business Journal
Publisher : Takaza Innovatix Labs Ltd.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61536/escalate.v4i4.877

Abstract

This study describes visitors’ reported spiritual tourism experiences during melukat at Taman Beji Samuan, Carangsari, Bali, focusing on how environmental appreciation, perceived restoration, and religious connectedness are represented across experience dimensions. A descriptive questionnaire survey involved 100 purposively selected participants, comprising 50 domestic and 50 international tourists. Responses were collected using a five-point scale based on the six dimensions of the Spiritual Tourism Experience Scale: Transformation, Healing, Atmosphere, Transcendence, Escape, and Divine Connectedness. Data were analyzed using descriptive means. Atmosphere received the highest mean among domestic and international respondents, at 4.22 and 4.18, respectively. Escape received the lowest mean among domestic respondents (3.39), compared with 4.13 among international respondents. Divine Connectedness had the lowest mean among international respondents (3.54). These patterns indicate that favorable evaluations of the setting coexist with differing endorsement of other experiential dimensions. The findings provide a contextual profile of the recruited participants rather than evidence of causal effects, lasting transformation, or clinical improvement. Management implications include preserving environmental quality and providing culturally respectful information while recognizing the diversity of visitors’ religious and spiritual experiences.
The Effect of Intellectual Capital, Market Orientation, Gender, Education Level, and Partnership on the Success of Msmes in Medan Area District Dira Viona; Rizky Putra; Muller Tamba
Escalate : Economics and Business Journal Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Escalate : Economics and Business Journal
Publisher : Takaza Innovatix Labs Ltd.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61536/escalate.v4i4.890

Abstract

The success of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) is crucial for regional economies, yet many business owners still face competitiveness challenges amidst market dynamics. This study aims to analyze the effect of intellectual capital, market orientation, gender role, education level, and partnership on the success of culinary MSMEs in Medan Area District. An associative quantitative approach was employed using a saturated sampling method involving 108 MSME owner or manager respondents. Data were collected via questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results indicate that intellectual capital, gender role, and partnership have a positive and significant effect on business success. Conversely, market orientation and education level do not have a significant partial effect. Simultaneously, all five variables significantly affect MSME success. In conclusion, strengthening intellectual capital, leveraging gender roles, and expanding partnerships are the most dominant key factors in enhancing sustainable MSME success and competitiveness.
Market Dynamics, Business Strategy, and Performance of the Telecommunications Industry in Indonesia for the 2021-2025 Period Aura Bunga Radinda; Nadila Aprilianti; M.Yusuf Ramadhan; Azhura Nur Lathifah; Iqbal Syaputra; Keira Desma Dea; Zhafrand Fitra Irawan
Escalate : Economics and Business Journal Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Escalate : Economics and Business Journal
Publisher : Takaza Innovatix Labs Ltd.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61536/escalate.v4i4.891

Abstract

This study analyzes market concentration, market dynamics, corporate strategies, and company performance in the Indonesian telecommunications industry during 2021–2025 using the Structure-Conduct-Performance (SCP) approach. This quantitative descriptive study uses secondary data from annual financial reports and purposive sampling based on revenue and data availability. The study identifies ten companies in the annual sample, comprising cellular operators and telecommunications infrastructure providers. However, the combined observation list contains eleven company codes across the five-year period because Smartfren was reported independently from 2021 to 2024 and ceased to appear as a separate reporting entity following its merger with XL Axiata in 2025, while Bali Towerindo entered the observed list in 2025. Market concentration is measured using the Concentration Ratio of the four largest companies (CR4) and the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) under two scenarios. Scenario A combines cellular operators and telecommunications infrastructure providers, whereas Scenario B focuses exclusively on cellular operators. The results show that CR4 in Scenario A remained above 89% and reached 94% in 2025, while Scenario B recorded a CR4 of 100% throughout the observation period. The HHI exceeded 2,500 in both scenarios, indicating a highly concentrated market under the stated classification. Concentration declined during 2021–2024 before increasing in 2025 following the XL Axiata–Smartfren merger. These findings indicate a structural increase in market concentration after the merger, but do not establish that competition is weak in every dimension or that higher concentration necessarily improves company performance.
The Influence of Room Prices on Millennials' Purchase Intention at the Intercontinental Bali Sanur Resort I Gusti Agung Ngurah Aksamalika Putra Pinatih; I Gusti Agung Gede Witarsana; Prastha Adyatma
Escalate : Economics and Business Journal Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Escalate : Economics and Business Journal
Publisher : Takaza Innovatix Labs Ltd.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61536/escalate.v4i4.892

Abstract

The decline in website visits, room occupancy rates, and the proportion of millennial guests at the InterContinental Bali Sanur Resort highlights the need to examine factors associated with purchase intention. This study aims to analyze the relationship between price perception and millennials’ purchase intention at the resort. A quantitative survey was conducted involving 100 millennial respondents born between 1981 and 1996 who had accessed information about the resort through Google and had never stayed there. Data were collected through questionnaires and documentation and analyzed using validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests, simple linear regression, hypothesis testing, and the coefficient of determination. The results indicate that price perception is positively and significantly associated with purchase intention, with an unstandardized regression coefficient of 0.725, a t-value of 11.298, and a significance level of p < 0.001. The coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.566 indicates that the regression model explains 56.6% of the variation in purchase intention. These findings suggest that favorable perceptions of affordability, price competitiveness, and price suitability relative to benefits and service quality are associated with higher purchase intention among the respondents. Therefore, the resort should maintain competitive pricing and communicate the value of its products and services more effectively to prospective millennial customers.

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