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The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine
Published by International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd.
ISSN : -     EISSN : 3048104X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Dentistry Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Veterinary
ims: The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine aims to advance the field of medicine by disseminating high-quality research findings that are accessible to a broad audience of healthcare professionals, researchers, and policymakers. The journal is committed to supporting the development of medical knowledge and practice in Indonesia and globally, fostering innovative research and evidence-based clinical practices. Scope: The journal covers a wide range of topics within the general medical field, including but not limited to: Clinical studies in various medical disciplines Epidemiological research and public health issues Innovations in diagnostic techniques and treatments Reviews on current practices and emerging trends in medicine Case studies and clinical trials Health policy and medical education The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine welcomes submissions from all areas of medicine, particularly those that have significant implications for patient care, public health, and policy-making. The journal encourages submissions that offer new insights, propose novel approaches, or address challenges pertinent to the Indonesian and international medical communities.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 205 Documents
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Double Mycobacterial Infection in Septic Patient: A Rare Case of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Leprosy Coinfection Kirana Paramitha Santosa; Anggar Jito
The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine Vol. 25 No. 1 (2026): The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/ktbbxd98

Abstract

Introduction: Co-infection of Tuberculosis (TB) and Leprosy is a rare occurrence, even in endemic areas.1 This co-infection has higher risks of drug resistance, complications, and mortality.2,3 Case Report: A 38-year-old male patient, who had been taking long-term steroids, presented in severe condition, showing signs of sepsis and ARDS. Multilobar infiltrates were found in both lungs, MTB/RIF was positive and sensitive to Rifampicin, BTA was found in slit skin smear test, liver enzyme levels were elevated, D-dimer level was increased (6 mg/L), low PaO2/FiO2 ratio (44.25 mmHg), along with an increased AaDO2 (508.4 mmHg). Despite receiving antimicrobial and anti-tuberculosis therapy, the patient's condition continued to deteriorate, resulting in septic shock and death. Discussion: The rarity of these cases in the modern literature is likely due to Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination in endemic areas, which provides at least partial protection against both diseases. Dual infection is associated with higher morbidity (5.5%) and mortality (37.2%).2 Appropriate diagnostic, screening, and therapeutic regimens are needed in clinical practice to prevent the risk of drug resistance and complications. This study aimed to present a complicated case of pulmonary TB and multibacillary leprosy co-infection in a septic patient.
Akurasi Diagnostik dan Korelasi Klinis Skor Alvarado terhadap Temuan Histopatologi serta Manifestasi Periappendicular Infiltrat: Analisis Retrospektif 75 Kasus di Indonesia Ario Achwanu Shafa; Bambang Arianto
The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine Vol. 25 No. 1 (2026): The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/vhf7fr58

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Apendisitis akut merupakan salah satu kegawatdaruratan bedah abdomen yang paling sering ditemukan di Indonesia, yang memerlukan diagnosis cepat untuk mencegah komplikasi seperti perforasi dan peritonitis. Penggunaan sistem skoring seperti Skor Alvarado bertujuan untuk meningkatkan akurasi klinis dan menekan angka apendektomi negatif. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi retrospektif analitik terhadap 75 pasien yang menjalani apendektomi di sebuah fasilitas kesehatan di Indonesia. Data dikumpulkan dari rekam medis yang mencakup usia, jenis kelamin, parameter Skor Alvarado, kadar leukosit, temuan operatif, dan hasil histopatologi. Analisis data dilakukan untuk menilai korelasi antara total skor dengan tingkat keparahan inflamasi. Penelitian: Mayoritas pasien adalah perempuan (62,7%) dengan rentang usia dominan dewasa muda. Skor Alvarado 5 merupakan yang paling banyak ditemukan (40,0%). Hasil histopatologi menunjukkan 33 kasus apendisitis subakut dan 11 kasus perforasi. Ditemukan korelasi signifikan antara skor tinggi (≥ 7) dengan temuan perforasi dan infiltrat periapendikular (p < 0,05). Terdapat kasus unik apendisitis granulomatosa tuberkulosa pada pasien dengan skor klinis tinggi. Diskusi: Skor Alvarado memiliki sensitivitas tinggi dalam mendeteksi komplikasi namun menunjukkan keterbatasan pada varian subakut dan pasien lanjut usia di mana respon inflamasi sistemik seringkali tidak selaras dengan kerusakan jaringan. Parameter leukositosis ekstrem (> 30.000/mm^{3}) berkorelasi kuat dengan pembentukan abses masif. Kesimpulan: Skor Alvarado tetap menjadi instrumen triase yang efektif di Indonesia. Penggunaan USG sebagai modalitas tambahan disarankan bagi pasien dengan skor menengah (5-6) untuk mengurangi risiko keterlambatan penanganan pada kondisi perforasi yang tersembunyi.
PERBANDINGAN EFEKTIVITAS TERAPI LATIHAN KONVENSIONAL DAN TERAPI REHABILITASI MEDIK PADA LANSIA DENGAN OSTEOARTHRITIS Astri Wahyuni; Imran Safei; Hendrian Chaniago
The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine Vol. 25 No. 1 (2026): The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/mr3pj670

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Osteoartritis (OA), khususnya osteoartritis lutut, merupakan penyakit degeneratif sendi yang paling sering dialami lansia dan menyebabkan nyeri, keterbatasan fungsi, penurunan kualitas hidup, serta peningkatan beban biaya kesehatan. Terapi latihan konvensional dikenal sebagai intervensi non-farmakologis utama, namun berkembang pula terapi rehabilitasi medik dengan pendekatan multimodal yang diklaim lebih komprehensif. Perbandingan efektivitas kedua pendekatan tersebut pada populasi lansia masih perlu dikaji secara mendalam. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan literature review dengan desain narrative review. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan terhadap jurnal nasional dan internasional, ClinicalKey, sitasi Fakultas Kedokteran UMI, textbook, dan proceeding book yang terbit pada tahun 2015–2025. Seleksi artikel dilakukan berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi terkait populasi lansia dengan osteoartritis dan intervensi terapi latihan konvensional serta terapi rehabilitasi medik. Sebanyak 20 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria dianalisis secara deskriptif-analitis. Hasil: Hasil telaah menunjukkan bahwa terapi latihan konvensional efektif menurunkan nyeri dan meningkatkan fungsi sendi, terutama pada osteoartritis derajat ringan hingga sedang. Terapi rehabilitasi medik multimodal, yang mencakup latihan akuatik, kombinasi latihan dengan modalitas fisik, edukasi, dan self-management, memberikan manfaat yang lebih luas dan stabil dalam jangka panjang, terutama pada lansia dengan nyeri sedang hingga berat, keterbatasan fungsional, dan komorbiditas. Kesimpulan: Terapi latihan konvensional dan terapi rehabilitasi medik sama-sama efektif pada lansia dengan osteoartritis, namun pendekatan rehabilitasi medik yang terstruktur, multimodal, dan individual lebih unggul dalam menangani kompleksitas kondisi klinis dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup lansia secara berkelanjutan.
EFEK SUPLEMENTASI ZAT BESI DAN PROBIOTIK TERHADAP MIKROBIOTA USUS DAN KEJADIAN ANEMIA PADA IBU HAMIL Aryanti R. Bamahry; Ajardiana Idrus; Tendri Nasyrah Azzahra
The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/kwweft53

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Anemia merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang umum terjadi pada ibu hamil. Suplementasi zat besi adalah zat besi tambahan yang diberikan sebagai tambahan nutrisi, probiotik adalah mikroorganisme hidup yang memberikaan manfaat kesehatan, terutama pada saluran cerna yang didapatkan melalui makanan yang mengandung probiotik maupun suplemen. Tujuan: Mengetahui efek dari suplementasi zat besi dan probiotik terhadap mikrobiota usus dan kejadian anemia pada ibu hamil. Metode: Systematic-narrative literature review mengikuti pedoman PRISMA 2020. Sumber data meliputi ScienceDirect, Pubmed, Cochrane serta prosiding dan disertasi dengan periode publikasi 2020–2025. Artikel dinilai berdasarkan kualitas metodologi, relevansinya dengan pemberian suplemen zat besi dan probiotik terhadap kadar zat besi dan mikrobiota usus, terutama pada ibu hamil. Analisis tematik dilakukan untuk menyintesis bukti terkini. Hasil: Beberapa studi menunjukkan bahwa suplementasi zat besi memberikan manfaat signifikan terhadap kadar zat besi pada ibu hamil, namun dapat menyebabkan efek samping gastrointestinal dan ketidakseimbangan mikrobiota usus. Suplementasi probiotik dapat meminimalisir efek tersebut dan mengoptimalkan penyerapan zat besi serta berperan dalam imunitas saluran cerna. Kesimpulan: Suplementasi zat besi dan probiotik memberikan efek positif terhadap peningkatan kadar zat besi dan kesehatan saluran cerna pada ibu hamil dengan anemia.
The Comprehensive Systematic Review of Association of Posterior Capsular Opacification (PCO) to IOL Material and Design Agnes Poppy Melina; Putu Ayu Wedayanti Daniputri; Ni Putu Ayu Rahmayanti
The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): The Indonesian Journal of General Medicine
Publisher : International Medical Journal Corp. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70070/8m619q82

Abstract

Introduction: Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) remains the most common long-term complication of modern cataract surgery, leading to visual degradation and necessitating Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy. The risk of PCO is influenced by intraocular lens (IOL) characteristics, including material, optic edge design, and haptic configuration. However, the relative importance of these factors and potential interactions remain a subject of extensive research with sometimes conflicting findings. Methods: This comprehensive review synthesizes evidence from 80 studies, including randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses, that investigate the association between IOL characteristics and PCO development. Studies were screened based on predefined criteria including adult patients, uncomplicated cataract surgery, comparison of IOL materials/designs, quantitative PCO assessment, and a minimum follow-up of 6 months. Data were extracted on IOL specifications, PCO assessment methods, outcomes (scores, Nd:YAG rates), and study methodology. Results: The evidence robustly identifies a sharp posterior optic edge as the most critical design feature for PCO prevention, demonstrating significant benefits across all IOL materials (PMMA, silicone, acrylic) with up to a 35% absolute reduction in 9-year Nd:YAG rates (Haripriya et al., 2017). Regarding material, hydrophobic acrylic IOLs are consistently superior to hydrophilic acrylic, with meta-analyses showing a standardized mean difference of -1.80 in PCO severity and a relative risk of 6.96 for Nd:YAG capsulotomy favoring hydrophobic materials (Li et al., 2013; Wu et al., 2022). PMMA IOLs are associated with significantly higher PCO rates compared to modern foldable materials (Kobayashi et al., 2000; Sundelin et al., 2001). Comparisons between silicone and hydrophobic acrylic IOLs show time-dependent outcomes: acrylic may have an early advantage, but silicone may demonstrate better long-term (≥6 years) performance (Kwon et al., 2022). Haptic design (1-piece vs. 3-piece) shows no significant long-term impact on PCO when material and edge design are controlled (Leydolt et al., 2007; Haripriya et al., 2025). Surface modifications like heparin coating do not confer additional PCO protection (Krall et al., 2015). Discussion: The synthesis clarifies apparent conflicts in the literature by highlighting confounding variables, particularly the interaction between material and edge design, and the critical role of follow-up duration. The "barrier effect" of a sharp edge is the predominant mechanistic factor inhibiting lens epithelial cell migration. Significant performance variations exist even within the same material category, emphasizing that specific IOL platform characteristics are as important as broad material classification. Conclusion: For optimal PCO prevention, IOL selection should prioritize a sharp posterior optic edge design. Among acrylic materials, hydrophobic variants are preferred over hydrophilic. For patients with long life expectancy, silicone IOLs with a sharp edge may offer a long-term advantage, though this requires further validation. Haptic design is a secondary consideration. In resource-limited settings, adopting sharp-edged PMMA IOLs can substantially reduce the Nd:YAG capsulotomy burden.

Page 21 of 21 | Total Record : 205

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