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Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Ahmad Dahlan Cirebon
ISSN : 25482114     EISSN : 25412027     DOI : https://doi.org/10.37874/ms
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
The Medical Sains journal is a scientific publication media published by the Muhammadiyah Cirebon College of Pharmacy which is published 4 (four) times in 1 (one) year, namely January-March, April-June, July-September and October-December. The journal contains research in the field of pharmacy covering the fields of formulation, pharmacology, communication pharmacy, A natural chemical chemistry, pharmacognomy and other health sciences which is a means for lecturers and researchers in the health sector to share knowledge and establish cooperation in implementing the Tri Dharma of Higher Education. Purpose and Scope The objective of the publication of the Medical Science journal is to publish articles in the field of pharmacy and other health as well as application of pharmaceutical . Based on this, the editorial board of Medical Sains invites lecturers and researchers to contribute to submit research articles related to the following themes: 1. Pharmaceutical formulation technology 2. Pharmacology 3. Community pharmacy 4. Clinical Pharmacy 5. Natural material chemistry 6. Pharmacognosy 7. Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry . All papers submitted to medical science journals will be examined by peer review partners who are tailored to their respective fields.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (Lain-Lain)
Articles 523 Documents
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ANALYTICAL METHOD VALIDATION OF CYCLAMATE IN RED SYRUP IN NORTH BANJARMASIN USING UV-VIS SPECTROPHOTOMETER Rahmawati; Andika; Rusmina Aulia Hasanah; Dhania Novitasari
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i2.794

Abstract

Cyclamate is an artificial sweetener that is not allowed for public consumption, because it isspecifically permitted for diabetics and consumers with low-calorie diets. Syrup usuallyadded as a flavor enhancer (sweetener), color, and aroma. The purpose of adding artificialsweeteners to syrup is to reduce production costs because cyclamates have a highersweetness and lower price than sugar. The purpose of this study was to determine the contentand levels of cyclamate in syrup sold in various stalls and street sellers in the NorthBanjarmasin area, and to determine the data validation method with linearity, precision,accuracy, LOD, and LOQ. The results of the qualitative test showed that 4 of the 9 positivesamples contained cyclamate (samples A, C, E, and I). The results of the method validationparameter test for linearity at 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 ppm gave a value of thecorrelation coefficient (r ) of 0.9987 with an LOD value of 6.4307 ppm, LOQ of 21.4359ppm,d precision value of 0.74%, and an accuracy value of 89.5126%. The results of thequantitative tests were carried out on four samples, namely samples A, C, E, and I, withcyclamate levels of 12.9423, 31.9833, 23.4166, and 115.6469 mg/kg, respectively. Keywords: Cyclamate, Syrup, Precipitation, Validation Method, UV-Vis Spectrophotometry
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION PHISICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF MULTI COMPONENT KETOPROFEN WITH CO-FORMER GLUTAMINE Helen Sonita; Erizal Zaini; Salman Umar
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i2.799

Abstract

Ketoprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory compound (NSAID) which has low solubility in water. This study aimed to increase the dissolution rate of ketoprofen by forming multicomponent ketoprofen-glutamine in ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 using the solid-state grinding method. The samples were characterized using Powder X-Ray Diffractometry (PXRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), solubility, dissolution rate, and stability tests. These results indicated the formation of a eutectic mixture of ketoprofen-glutamine. From the study of the ketoprofen–glutamine eutectic mixture, the eutectic point at a ratio of 1:1 was obtained at 95.51°C. The PXRD spectra did not show new crystal habits; the solubility test of the eutectic mixture of ketoprofen-glutamine showed increases of 2.450, 2.518, and 2.374 times, respectively. The eutectic mixture of ketoprofen–glutamine had rod-like crystal particles that formed and aggregated. The samples showed an increased dissolution rate of ketoprofen. The stability test showed that ketoprofen-glutamine was stable during storage at 75% relative humidity (RH) and 40 °C for 6 months; there was only a decrease in intensity, as seen from the PXRD spectrum. Keywords: eutectic mixture, ketoprofen, glutamine, solubility, dissolution rate, stability
GREEN SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES (AgNPS) CONTAINING COMBINATION OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF Capsicum annuum L. AND SAFFRON: BIOSYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY Erna Fitriany; Andri Priyoherianto; Masfah Raudlotus S.; Indah Tri Lestari; Fahmi Ardianti Purnawiranita
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i3.802

Abstract

Silver nanoparticles or Ag-Nanoparticles (AgNPs), which exhibit antimicrobial and biomedical activities, have many benefits in the health sector. AgNPs can be prepared using chemicals such as sodium borohydride (NaBH4). The green synthesis of AgNPs is an environmentally friendly alternative and is cost-effective. Capsicum annuum L. combined with saffron extract was used to synthesize the AgNPs. The biosynthesis, characterization, and antibacterial activity of AgNPs were studied in this study. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and particle size analysis (PSA). The formation of AgNPs was confirmed by optical performance using UV-VIS spectroscopy, which showed a peak of AgNPs at 407 nm. Capsicum annuum L. combined with saffron extract containing C-H, C-N, and C=O groups. Particle size was characterized using PSA, measuring 37.74 nm with an average SD ±22.10. Capsicum annuum L. combined with the saffron extract showed effective antibacterial activity.  Keywords: Green Synthesis, AgNPs, Capsicum annuum L, Saffron
BIOAVAILABILITY AND MOLECULAR DOCKING PREDICTION OF SECONDARY METABOLITE OF Curcuma zedoaria AS POTENTIAL MPRO SARS COV-2 INHIBITOR Amaliyah Dina Anggraeni; Nia Yuniar Fitriana Putri; Septia Devi Amalia; M. Artabah Muchlisin
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i4.805

Abstract

Almost all countries worldwide have been exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic, which can cause respiratory diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to identify and develop drugs for the treatment of COVID-19. White turmeric (Curcuma zedoaria) is very popular because it is effective as an anticancer and antiviral agent. This study used the in silico method to predict the secondary metabolite compounds contained in C. zedoaria as inhibitors of Mpro (main protease) SARS-CoV-2. Of the 30 secondary metabolite compounds identified, 26 compounds had good bioavailability prediction, and three compounds (curcumadiol, curcumin, and desmethoxycurcumin) were predicted to have potential as SARS-COV-2 Mpro inhibitors because they have low inhibition constants and numerous ligand-protein interactions. Curcumadiol have binding energy: -8.34 kcal/mol; pKi: 0.77 µM; hydrogen bond: Glu166, Thr190, and Gln192; and hydrophobic bond: Met165 and Gln189. Curcumin have binding energy: -8.28 kcal/mol; pKi: 0.85 µM; hydrogen bond: Leu141, Gly143, Ser144, and Thr190; and hydrophobic bond: Cys145, Met165, and Gln189. Desmethoxycurcumin have binding energy: -7.83 kcal/mol; pKi: 1.84 µM; hydrogen bond: Asp187, Thr190, and Gln192; and hydrophobic bond: Met165. Keywords: Curcuma zedoaria, SARS-CoV-2, bioavailability, molecular docking
REVIEW: NATURAL BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS POTENTIAL ON INHIBITION OF TRANSMEMBRANE SERINE PROTEASE 2 WITH STRUCTURE-BASED VIRTUAL SCREENING METHOD Haviani Rizka Nurcahyaningtyas; Masteria Yunovilsa Putra; Arry Yanuar
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i3.806

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a global health emergency. Suitable medications are required to prevent severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. Human transmembrane serine protease 2, which is required for viral entry into the host cells, was identified as the target protein. The present study was designed to synthesize, through a systematic review, evidence of phytochemicals found in plants that can inhibit transmembrane serine protease 2 in silico. The databases ScienceDirect, PubMed, Scopus, Nature, and SpringerLink were used for systematic exploration. Among the 113 studies retrieved, 11 were selected for the entire read and 7 studies were deemed appropriate for the qualitative synthesis. Flavonoids, including the bioactive substances luteolin, vicenin 2, naringin, 8-geranylapigenin, phenylethyl-D-rutinoside morusin, sanggenol L, and kaempferol, are the most widely studied classes of secondary metabolites. Other classes that were also evaluated were lactones, terpenoids, and saponins with withanoside-V, 11-hydroxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxybenzoyloxy)abieta-5,7,9(11),13-tetraene-12- one, and licorice as active substances, respectively. This review indicates the most bioactive components of each group of metabolites that demonstrated the greatest binding affinity for the transmembrane serine protease 2 receptor, as an initial point for selecting substances and exploring additional laboratory research and clinical studies to identify novel medication candidates for COVID-19 treatment.  Keywords: Secondary metabolite, SARS-CoV-2, structure-based virtual screening, transmembrane serine protease 2, Plants
ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY TESTS OF BANGKAL LEAF (Nauclea subdita Leaf.) SERUM EXTRACTS Ika Buana Januarti; Andre Yanto; Cahya Monica
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 9 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v9i1.808

Abstract

Bangkal leaves contain polyphenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, and quinone compounds that have the potential to act as antioxidants and antibacterial agents. To maximize the use of bangkal leaves, a cosmetic preparation, serum, was prepared. Serum is composed of 3 formulas: formula 1 (3% extract concentration), formula 2 (4% extract), and formula 3 (5% extract). Serum was tested for antioxidant activity using the DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl) method at a wavelength of 518 nm. Ascorbic acid was used for comparison. Serum was also tested to evaluate its physical properties including organoleptics, pH, spreadability and viscosity. Antibacterial activity was determined using the well diffusion method. The research results showed that the IC50 value of the extract was 171.18 ppm, the bangkal leaf extract serum preparation for formula I was 174.26 ppm, formula II was 209.97 ppm, and formula III was 237.91 ppm. The antibacterial activity of bangkal leaf extract serum (Nauclea subdita) against Staphylococcus aureus formulas 1, 2, and 3 had an average zone of inhibition of 10.67, 12.00, and 14 mm. Based on the antioxidant and antibacterial activity values, bangkal leaf extract serum has moderate antioxidant and antibacterial abilities. Keywords : Bangkal leaf extract, antioxidant activity test, antibacterial test
ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECTIVENESS (Propionibacterium acnes) OF KOMBUCHA FACE TONER FORMULA WITH GREEN TEA LEAF (Camellia sinensis L.) Aprilia Fatma Ely; Shelly Taurhesia; Teti Indrawati
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i3.809

Abstract

Acne is a process of chronic inflammation of the sebaceous glands in the skin caused by the bacteria Propionibacterium acnes. Approximately 80-100% incidence of acne occurs in adolescents. One solution is to use an antibacterial agent called catechins. It can be easily obtained from green tea, which has high catechin content. The amount of catechins used as antibacterial substances in green tea can also be increased by fermentation. In addition, lactic acid-fermented green tea can inhibit the growth of P. acnes. This study aimed to produce green tea kombucha face toner with anti-acne activity and good physical stability. This study included an experimental research. The research population was in the form of antibacterial compounds in face toner. The sample was green tea kombucha, which showed antibacterial activity at a concentration of 50% with an 18 mm Diameter of Inhibition Zone (DIZ). And the best formula is F1 with 0.84 mm DIZ, has a pH of 4 which is safe for the skin, clear solution, has clean power, it is also stable during storage at 30o and 40oC, but it has a rather disagreeable scent of toner. Keywords: Acne, Antibacterial, Green Tea Leaves Kombucha, Face Tone
IN SILICO STUDY: SECONDARY METABOLITES FROM RED GINGER RHIZOME (Zingiber Officinale Var. Rubrum) AS POTENTIAL INHIBITORS OF3CLpro AND PLpro OF SARS-CoV-2 Meilia Suherman; Selvira Anandia Intan Maulidya
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i3.810

Abstract

The COVID-19 outbreak prompted the development of novel drugs to treat the disease. Targeting of virus proteins has attracted great interest in the discovery of COVID-19 drugs. 3CLpro and PLpro are promising targets because of their important role in viral replication. Hence, various efforts have been made to find specific therapeutics for COVID-19, including those derived from plants as anti-Covid-19. Red ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) contains secondary metabolites that are known for their health benefits. This in silico study aimed to determine the potency of red ginger rhizome as PLpro and 3CLpro of SARS-CoV-2 inhibitor which may be applied to treat COVID-19. This research was conducted using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. The molecular docking simulation of red ginger compounds in complex with SARS-CoV-2 PLpro showed that 27 compounds have a binding free energy (?G) lower than that of the reference ligand. On the other hand, none of the complexes between red ginger compounds and 3CLpro had a lower binding free energy than the reference ligand. Visualization of interaction features at the PLpro of SARS-CoV-2’s active site shows that secondary metabolites dominantly interact with hydrogen bonds. The ar-curcumene and PLpro complex of SARS-CoV-2 appears very stable and has the lowest flexibility compared to HBA as a native ligand and molnupiravir as a reference ligand based on RMSD and RMSF plot analysis using molecular dynamic simulation...
PHYSICAL EVALUATION OF CURCUMA RHIZOME EXTRACT (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) FORMULATION IN ANTI ACNE LOOSE POWDER Marini Marini; Haty Latifah Priatni; Azmi Darotulmutmainnah; Dea Safitri
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i2.811

Abstract

When Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermis are isolated from acne-proneskin, the essential oil and curcuminoids in curcumin (Curcuma zanthorrhiza Roxb) exhibitantibacterial activity against blemished skin. The purpose of this study was to create an antiacne loose powder using Curcuma rhizome extract and to determine which formulationsmeet the best test requirements. Extraction was carried out using the maceration methodwith 96% ethanol solvent. The powder formulation consisted of alba bolus, magnesiumcarbonate, magnesium stearate, zinc oxide, oleum rosae, and talc, developed withtemulawak rhizome extract at concentrations of F0 (0%), F1 (8%), F2 (10%), and F3 (12%).The evaluation of the powder preparation was organoleptic, humidity, powder flow rate,specific gravity, and pH.. The results indicated that the F1 formulation's humidity test resultsof less than 10%, the speed of the powder flow evaluation test results was 15.6%, the angleof repose test result was 26.6°, and the measurement of pH showed that the result of 6fulfilled the requirements. Based on a physical test of the anti-acne loose powder, theCurcuma rhizome extract in the FI formulation with an 8% concentration produced optimalresults. Keywords: anti acne, physical evaluation, loose powder, curcuma
ANALYSIS OF ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS TO ANTIRETROVIRALS USE IN A SECONDARY HOSPITAL Vitarani Dwi Ananda Ningrum; Nadia Hanrisari; Tiara Amalia; Sufiyah
Medical Sains : Jurnal Ilmiah Kefarmasian Vol 8 No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Muhammadiyah Cirebon

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37874/ms.v8i3.812

Abstract

Although antiretrovirals (ARV) evidently extend the life expectancy of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH), their associated Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are unavoidable, particularly in long-duration regimens. Several studies have reported a correlation between ADRs and adherence to ARV therapy. Meanwhile, ARV is the main determinant of achieving an immunological and virologic response. Pharmacists play the role of counselors in improving therapeutic outcomes including ADR management. This study aimed to analyze ADRs induced by ARV based on pharmacy documentation and to describe the frequency of PLWH follow-up visits over a two-year period. The study was conducted at Sleman Regional Hospital, an HIV/AIDS referral hospital in Yogyakarta. A cross-sectional design was used with saturated sampling, including all ARV use for HIV/AIDS. Data were collected from the pharmacy unit and patients’ spontaneous reports. Prescribed ARV came from the electronic system, whereas ADR reports were from patients during voluntary consultation with the pharmacist or in PITC services. A total of 110 ARV were administered mostly to male patients aged 25-40 years. The most regimen was tenofovir+lamivudine+efavirenz (91%) with the highest frequency of follow-up visits ? 12 times (53%). The top three ADRs were dizziness (30%), nausea (11%), and headache (8%). Three of the four pediatric patients experienced ADRs, each with AZT-induced fatigue, bloating, and diarrhea in LPV/r monotherapy. Most of the patients did not maintain appointments for hospital visits. Further studies are recommended to analyze the causative factors of non-adherence, including the loss to follow-up group.  Keywords: Adverse Drug Reaction, Antiretroviral, Hospital, Indonesia

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