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Jurnal Ayurveda Medistra
Published by STIKes Medistra Indonesia
ISSN : 26565609     EISSN : 26563142     DOI : https://doi.org/10.51690/medistra-jurnal123.v2i1
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health
Jurnal Kesehatan STIKes Medistra Indonesia adalah sebuah media publikasi yang memuat karya tulis ilmiah dari bidang Keperawatan, Kebidanan, Farmasi Industri, Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Bidang Ilmu Kesehatan Lainnya.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 88 Documents
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ANALISIS EFEKTIVITAS PENGOBATAN HERBAL KOMPLEMENTER TERHADAP KONDISI MUAL MUNTAH PADA KEHAMILAN Maisya Putri Sutrisno; Maslan Pangaribuan; Farida M Simanjuntak; Feri Setiadi
Jurnal Ayurveda Medistra Vol 8 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ayurveda Medistra: Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan
Publisher : STIKes Medistra Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51690/medistra-jurnal123.v8i1.135

Abstract

The review of existing research shows that using fruits and plant-based remedies as non-medical treatments can help reduce nausea and vomiting and improve anemia in pregnant women. Different methods, such as eating Ambon bananas, dates, lime with or without honey, using lemon and lemongrass for aromatherapy, drinking lemongrass beverages, consuming ginger, beetroot, moringa leaves, and mixing honey with black cumin, all have been found to help decrease how often and how badly nausea and vomiting happen, and also increase hemoglobin levels significantly (p < 0.05). The success of these treatments is because of the active ingredients they contain, such as vitamin B6, iron, folate, vitamin C, flavonoids, gingerol, essential oils, and antioxidants. These ingredients help reduce too much stomach acid, improve digestion, relieve nausea, and support the production of red blood cells. Herbal treatments are considered safer, easier to find, more affordable, and have fewer side effects. That's why they are useful in midwifery care. Using these treatments can improve midwifery care by making it more thorough and based on real evidence, while also making the experience more comfortable and safe for both the mother and the baby.
Ekstrak Etanol 96% Daun Mimba (Azadirachta indica Juss) Pada Malassezia Furfur Ana Maria Ulfa; Indah Rizkiyah
Jurnal Ayurveda Medistra Vol 8 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ayurveda Medistra: Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan
Publisher : STIKes Medistra Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51690/medistra-jurnal123.v8i1.138

Abstract

Malassezia furfur is a lipophilic fungus that is the primary causative agent of various skin disorders such aspityriasis versicolor (tinea versicolor) and seborrheic dermatitis. Long-term use of synthetic antifungals oftencauses side effects and the risk of resistance. Neem leaves are known to contain secondary metabolites withpotential as natural antimicrobials. The aim of this study was to identify compounds found in neem plants thatcan be used as antifungals. Emulgel preparations of 96% ethanol extract of neem leaves used threeformulations: 3%, 3.5%, and 4%. The research method used was an experimental method with descriptiveanalysis including organoleptic and statistical analysis including viscosity, pH, spreadability, andadhesiveness. The results showed that all three formulations had antifungal properties against Malasseziafurfur, with an average inhibition zone value of 0.58 mm for F1, 1.11 mm for F2, and 1.1 mm for F3. It can beconcluded that the neem leaf (Azadirachta indica juss) emulgel preparation has the highest antifungalproperties in formulation 2, with an inhibition zone diameter of 1.11 mm
- TINJAUAN LITERATUR PARAMETER SPESIFIK DAN NON-SPESIFIK PADA SIMPLISIA DAN EKSTRAK BUNGA SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU HERBAL TERSTANDAR Maria Indriati Ose; Lulu Hikmah Fauziah; Mahardika Shaib Prayoga; Cesarianti Puteri Dwi Hatmoko; Yonathan Tri Atmodjo Reubun
Jurnal Ayurveda Medistra Vol 8 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ayurveda Medistra: Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan
Publisher : STIKes Medistra Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51690/medistra-jurnal123.v8i1.139

Abstract

Flowers are a source of secondary metabolites that can be used as raw materials for herbal medicines. The standardization of crude drug materials and flower extracts using specific and non-specific parameters is essential to ensure their quality, safety, and efficacy. This study aims to review the specific and non-specific parameters of ten types of flowers, namely gemitir, soka, rosella, clove, kecombrang, tapak darah, pucuk merah, telang, matahari, and kembang bulan. The analyzed parameters include organoleptic properties, water and ethanol extract yields, phytochemical tests, identification of active compounds via TLC and GC-MS, as well as moisture content, ash content, and percentage of damage due to heating. The results showed that seven flowers (gemitir, rosela, kecombrang, tapak darah, pucuk merah, matahari, and kembang bulan) met most of the quality parameters. Moisture content was generally <10%, but the cengkeh flower had high moisture content (18.9%) and the kembang bulan flower had a drying loss exceeding the limit (13.64%). The highest water-soluble extract content was found in gemitir (37.34%) and tapak darah (30.2%), while soka (20.7%) and telang (8.5%) were below the standard. All flowers contain flavonoids, with the best identification of active compounds found in rosella (quercetin 7.02%) and moonflower (GC-MS results). Overall, most flowers can be used as standardized herbal raw materials, but soka, clove, and telang flowers still require improvements in the processing.
Literature Review: Studi Komparatif Parameter Standarisasi Spesifik dan Non-Spesifik Simplisia Buah Unggulan Indonesia Siti Haura Khairunnisa; Albertrysia Richzchika Yolanurnazwa; Neng Nely Widianti Rahma; Perdi ansyah; Yonathan Tri Atmodjo Reubun
Jurnal Ayurveda Medistra Vol 8 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ayurveda Medistra: Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan
Publisher : STIKes Medistra Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51690/medistra-jurnal123.v8i1.140

Abstract

As a megabiodiversity country, Indonesia possesses a wealth of local fruits with extensive pharmacologicalpotential; however, systematic comparative studies of standardization parameters for fruit crude drugs remainvery limited. This literature review aims to compile a comparative study of specific and non-specificstandardization parameters for ten leading Indonesian fruit crude drugs based on scientific literature and toevaluate their compliance with the Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopoeia (FHI). A systematic literature search wasconducted via Google Scholar using the keywords “standardization of fruit crude drugs,” “specific and non-specific parameters,” and “characterization of crude drugs.” A total of 9 journal articles and 1 thesis publishedbetween 2017 and 2025 met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed comparatively. The study covered tentypes of fruit, namely green apples, hiyung chili peppers, yellow squash, red pomegranates, ceremai, belimbingwuluh, asam gelugur, lime, limpasu, and selutui puka. Specific parameters revealed characteristic organolepticvariations as well as significant differences in water-soluble extract content (3.6–65.57%) and ethanol-solubleextract content (3.9–70.50%). Non-specific parameters identified three critical safety issues: the acid-insolubleash content (KATLA) of green apples exceeded the Indonesian Food and Drug Administration (BPOM RI) limit(6.95%); Cadmium contamination in Hiyung chili peppers exceeded the maximum limit (4.00 mg/kg vs. 0.3mg/kg); and the KATLA content in Ceremai (1.50–1.59%) exceeded BPOM RI requirements. None of the crudedrugs or extracts comprehensively met all FHI requirements. Standardization of extraction procedures, morecomprehensive parameter testing, and the development of specific FHI monographs for undocumentedIndonesian fruit crude drugs are required.Keywords: Standardization of fruit crude extracts, specific parameters, non-specific parameters, characterization of crude extracts.
Sizka Irdianti Literature Review: Standardization of the Quality of Medicinal Plants and Leaf Extracts Based on Specific and Non-Specific Parameters Sizka Irdianti; Alifah Salsabila; Vina Vina; Syifa Aulia Putri; Yonathan Tri Atmodjo Reubun
Jurnal Ayurveda Medistra Vol 8 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ayurveda Medistra: Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan
Publisher : STIKes Medistra Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51690/medistra-jurnal123.v8i1.142

Abstract

Medicinal plants have long been used by the Indonesian people, passed down through generations, in various forms of traditional preparations. Leaves are one of the most commonly used parts of plants as raw materials for herbal medicines because they are rich in secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and saponins. To ensure the quality, safety, and efficacy of traditional medicinal raw materials, a standardization process is required that adheres to the Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopoeia (FHI) and the Indonesian Materia Medica (MMI) through testing of specific and non-specific parameters. This literature review aims to compare and analyze the results of specific and non-specific parameter tests of ten types of crude drug materials and leaf extracts from medicinal plants, namely Kersen leaves (Muntingia calabura L.), Kawau leaves (Millettia sericea), Avocado leaves (Persea americana Mill.), Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera), Lotus Leaf (Nelumbium nelumbo D.), Senggani Leaf (Melastoma malabathricum L.), Matoa Leaf (Pometia pinnata JR & G.Forst), Bidara Leaf (Ziziphus nummularia), Gatal Leaf (Laportea decumana (Roxb.) Wedd), and Dandang Gendis Leaf (Clinacanthus nutans). A literature search was conducted via the Google Scholar database using the keywords “Leaf Extract,” “Specific,” and “Non-Specific,” with the criterion that journals were published between 2018 and 2025. The review results indicate that most specific parameters—including organoleptic properties, phytochemical screening, and water-soluble and ethanol-soluble extract content—met the established standards. Meanwhile, for non-specific parameters—including moisture content, drying loss, total ash content, acid-insoluble ash content, heavy metal contamination, and microbial contamination—most results met the requirements, although some parameters in certain plants still exceeded the specified limits. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the standard quality ranges for medicinal plants and serves as a reference for the development of standardized herbal medicines in Indonesia.
Literature Review: Evaluation of Spesific and Non-Spesific Parameters in the Quality Assessment of Rhizome Simplicia Mars Jenita Grace Santy Indah Purba; Sofi Khoerunnisa; Dini Dwi Oktaviani; Caecilia Sukma Larasati; Yonathan Tri Atmodjo Reubun
Jurnal Ayurveda Medistra Vol 8 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ayurveda Medistra: Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan
Publisher : STIKes Medistra Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51690/medistra-jurnal123.v8i1.144

Abstract

Rhizomes are the underground stems of plants and are widely used as crude drug materials in the Indonesian traditional medicine industry because they contain various beneficial bioactive compounds. Rhizome crude drugs must meet quality standards that can be measured through two groups of parameters—specific and non-specific parameters—to ensure the safety, efficacy, and consistency of these raw materials. This study is a literature review that involves the collection and analysis of secondary data from ten scientific articles obtained through Google Scholar. This study focuses on the evaluation of specific parameters, namely organoleptic properties, water-soluble and ethanol-soluble extract content, as well as phytochemical profiles, and non-specific parameters such as drying loss, moisture content, total ash content, acid-insoluble ash content, and heavy metal content in ten types of rhizome crude drugs: red galangal, yellow turmeric, ginger, red ginger, kencur, purun danau, black temu, temu kunci, mango temu, and wundu watu. Analysis results indicate that Temu Kunci (Kaempferia pandurata Roxb.) has the best overall quality, followed by Red Ginger and Kencur, which each meet all established standards. Conversely, Black Temu and Mango Temu showed non-compliance with non-specific parameters, particularly regarding ash content and moisture content, indicating a need to improve post-harvest processing. Lake Purun requires special attention due to its high heavy metal content, which impacts the aquatic ecosystem in the lake. Standardizing both specific and non-specific parameters is a crucial step to ensure the quality and safety of rhizome crude drugs as raw materials for traditional medicine in Indonesia. Keywords: Herbal Rhizomes, Specific Parameters, Non-Specific Parameters
Formulasi dan Evaluasi Salep Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) Lulu Hikmah Fauziah; Siti Haura Khairunnisa; Caecilia Sukma Larasati; Sofi Khoerunnisa; Dini Dwi Oktaviani; Feronika Evma Rahayu
Jurnal Ayurveda Medistra Vol 8 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ayurveda Medistra: Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan
Publisher : STIKes Medistra Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51690/medistra-jurnal123.v8i1.145

Abstract

An ointment is a semisolid formulation with a smooth texture, minimal water content, and hydrophobic properties; it is used for direct application to the skin or mucous membranes, including the eye area. Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) is pure coconut oil processed without the use of chemicals or organic solvents; it has low water and free fatty acid content, is clear in appearance, has a distinctive aroma, and functions as a natural emollient and antioxidant. This study aims to formulate and evaluate sterile VCO-based ointments at various concentrations: 0% (F0), 10% (F1), 20% (F2), and 30% (F3). The ingredients used include VCO as the active ingredient (0–30%), liquid paraffin as an emollient (10%), lanolin as an emollient and emulsion stabilizer (5%), chlorobutanol as a preservative (0.5%), white petrolatum as the main base (85%), and triethanolamine (TEA) to adjust the pH (1%). Evaluation of the formulations involved analysis of general physical properties, acidity level, spreadability, adhesion, solution viscosity, and mixture uniformity. The findings showed that all formulations were white to off-white in color, semi-solid in form, had a characteristic odor, and a consistent texture. The pH value for F0 was 5 (acidic), while the pH for F1 through F3 was 7 (neutral). The spreadability of F0 through F2 was 5 cm, whereas F3 reached 7 cm. The adhesion time for F0 was 5 seconds, while F1 through F3 had an adhesion time of 4 seconds. Viscosity ranges from 25,600 to 43,100 mPa·s. All these parameters meet pharmaceutical standards, including a spreadability of 5 to 7 cm, a minimum adhesion time of 4 seconds, and a viscosity range of 2,000 to 50,000 mPa·s. Formula 2 (20% VCO) was identified as the best formula because it has a neutral pH, spreadability and adhesion that meet the criteria, a sufficiently high viscosity of 35,500 mPa·s, and a uniform texture. In conclusion, it can be concluded that the addition of terpene-rich coconut oil at a concentration of 20% produces a contamination-free ointment with the most balanced physical characteristics.
Formulasi dan Karakterisasi Larutan Irigasi Berbasis Ekstrak Buah Lerak (Sapindus rarak DC.) Maria Indriati ose; Sizka Irdianti; Perdiansyah Perdiansyah; Neng Nely Widiyanti Rahma; Syifa Aulia Putri; Cesarianti Dwi Puteri Hatmoko; Feronika Evma Rahayu
Jurnal Ayurveda Medistra Vol 8 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Ayurveda Medistra: Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan
Publisher : STIKes Medistra Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51690/medistra-jurnal123.v8i1.146

Abstract

The lerak fruit (Sapindus rarak DC.) is a plant that contains high levels of saponins (20–28% of dry weight) and can be developed as a natural active ingredient in solution form for wound care due to its surfactant properties and ability to inhibit microbial growth. This study aims to formulate and characterize irrigation solutions using a 25% lerak fruit extract in three different formulations: F1, consisting of the extract, sodium chloride, activated carbon, and a solvent; F2, consisting of the extract, activated carbon, and a solvent; and F3, consisting only of the extract and a solvent. Physical quality evaluation included organoleptic testing, clarity, pH, displaced volume, leakage, foam height, and specific gravity, in accordance with the provisions of the Indonesian Pharmacopoeia, 6th Edition. The results showed that all three formulations had the same sensory characteristics (reddish-brown color, distinctive aroma, liquid form), a displacement volume of 100%, and no signs of leakage. Clarity tests showed that all three formulations appeared clear but still contained submicron colloidal particles due to the presence of saponin micelles and tannin-protein aggregates. The pH values of the three formulations (F1=3.75; F2=3.84; F3=3.77) were below the normal pH range of healthy skin (4.5–5.5), so pH adjustment is necessary. Foam content tests showed good foaming ability in all formulations (F1 = 78.33%; F2 = 76.33%; F3 = 75.00%), which is related to the saponin content that acts as a natural surfactant. The specific gravity test showed that F1 had a density of 1.0084 g/mL and F2 had a density of 1.0088 g/mL, which are nearly identical to the density of water. However, F3 had a density of 0.7658 g/mL, which is significantly different and poses a risk of being hypotonic. This pattern is related to the presence of activated carbon in the formula. Overall, F1 exhibits the most balanced physical properties compared to the other three formulations. However, all formulations still require pH adjustment and further purification before they can be developed into candidate burn irrigation solutions derived from natural ingredients that possess good quality, stability, and safety.

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