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Journal of Power, Energy, and Control
Published by MSD Institute
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30478804     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Mechanical Engineering
Journal of Power, Energy, and Control (PEC) mainly focuses on power engineering, energy engineering, renewable energy, control systems in energy application, and various sustainable energy applications. PEC welcomes the submission of high quality original research papers, review papers, and case study reports.
Arjuna Subject : Energi (semua kategori) - Teknik Energi dan Teknologi Daya
Articles 21 Documents
 1   2   3 
Load Flow Analysis of 132 kV Transmission Line with Optimally Terminated Service Potential Transformer Substations Kitheka, Joel Mwithui; Moses, Peter Musau; Nyete, Abraham Mutunga; Abungu, Nicodemus O.
Journal of Power, Energy, and Control Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/pec.v2i1.36

Abstract

Most villages in Sub-Saharan Africa still lack electricity, despite numerous initiatives and commissions established to address power demands in developing countries. Renewable energy, rural electrification, and non-conventional substations are currently being employed to tackle the electricity issue. This research explored the penetration level of Service Potential Transformer (SPT) substations to solve the lack of electricity in villages near high-voltage transmission lines. The study analyzed the power flow in the 132 kV Juja-Rabai transmission line using PowerWorld Simulator software and determined the optimal termination points for SPT substations. Cost minimization was used as the objective function. At the same time, the voltage profile of the transmission line, the power demand of households, and the distance of villages from the transmission line served as the research constraints. The findings indicated that seven SPT substations could be installed along the 132 kV Juja-Rabai transmission line to supply electricity to nearby villages. These non-conventional substations would be integrated with the existing conventional substations on the transmission line. The power flow analysis for the line was also conducted.
IoT-Enabled Solar-Powered Pest Control for Rice Agriculture: Monitoring and Efficiency of Light-Based Traps Ilahi, Novita Asma; Musyafiq, Afrizal Abdi; Pradana, M. Fakhruriza; Alimudin, Erna; Fadlilah, Ilma; Husna, Kulaiah Syifaul; Nagara, Erliza Septia; Santoso, Agus
Journal of Power, Energy, and Control Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/pec.v2i1.41

Abstract

Rice is a staple food in Indonesia and globally, but its production is threatened by pests such as the brown planthopper. Conventional pest control methods, including pesticides and traditional techniques, often prove ineffective and have negative environmental impacts. Light traps have been explored as an alternative due to the brown planthopper's phototactic behavior, yet existing designs lack efficiency in capturing pests. This study presents an IoT-based solar-powered pest control system that integrates light as an attractant and an electric trap for effective pest elimination. The system features real-time monitoring of voltage, current, and light intensity using an LCD display, powered by a 35 Wp solar panel and managed through an Arduino Uno microcontroller. Experimental results show that brown planthoppers are most attracted to an LED light with an intensity of 780 lux, operating at 11.5 V and 0.97 A. The system consumes 112.52 Wh, with a full battery charge requiring approximately 6 hours and 7 minutes. These findings highlight the potential of a sustainable, energy-efficient solution for pest control in rice agriculture. 
Solidification Process Investigation of LiCl Salt as PCM with Temperature-Dependent Density and Viscosity by Enthalpy Porosity Simulation Model Ibrahim, Nur Syah; Luthfie, Alief Avicenna
Journal of Power, Energy, and Control Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/pec.v2i1.42

Abstract

An enthalpy porosity simulation model is widely used to simulate the solidification process of a Phase Change Material (PCM) with constant density and viscosity. Consequently, numerical inaccuracy may arise in the investigation of the solidification process. Therefore, this study investigates the solidification of lithium chloride (LiCl) as a PCM, incorporating temperature-dependent density and viscosity in the enthalpy porosity model. Furthermore, the computational domain is represented by a concentric pipe, with the LiCl salt assumed to be fully filled within the annulus. The boundary conditions are adiabatic on the outer radius and constant temperature on the inner radius, representing the temperature of the Heat Transfer Fluid (HTF). The simulation results show that the solidification process with temperature-dependent density and viscosity required a total time of 2360 s to complete the solidification process. In addition, the solidification rate is decreased at the beginning of the solidification process and then increased before being decreased at the end of the solidification process. Furthermore, a comparison is conducted with constant density and viscosity. The comparison result shows that the solidification time of temperature-dependent density and viscosity is shorter than the solidification process time of constant density and viscosity with a deviation of 8.5%, indicating the importance of using the temperature-dependent density and viscosity to investigate the solidification time. Conversely, the solidification rate shows a similar tendency, indicating the insignificant effect of using the temperature-dependent density and viscosity to investigate the solidification rate.
Automatic Switching System for Submersible Motor Pump: Case Study of a Cocoa Processing Company in Ghana Osei-Kwame, Emmanuel; Sam-Okyere, Yaw; Dwomoh, Lambert
Journal of Power, Energy, and Control Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/pec.v2i1.50

Abstract

Cocoa processing companies are pivotal to Ghana's economy and the sustainability of its cocoa industry. Cocoa processing companies transform raw cocoa beans into a paste-like form known as cocoa liquor, which serves as the foundation for various cocoa-based products. These operations require using pumps to supply water for different stages of production. Most of these companies are particularly concerned about potential pump failures and the associated costs of replacements. To mitigate this risk, they have developed a technique to protect the pumps from burnout. Currently, the existing pump protection system is manually operated and suffers from inaccuracies in switching times. Additionally, fluctuations in weather conditions pose further threats to the pumps' integrity. This research focuses on automating the pump protection system to address these issues effectively. In this project, a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) was utilized to design an automated protection system. The control program was simulated using RSLogix Micro Starter Lite to verify its functionality. Simulation results demonstrated that the system provides effective automatic protection for the pumps, thereby enhancing their operational efficiency and equipment longevity.
Design and Implementation of a Power Dispatch Controller for Optimal Energy Management in a Grid-Connected System Dwomoh, Lambert; Addo, Prince; Osei-Kwame, Emmanuel; Arkorful, Isaac; Ampem, Isaac
Journal of Power, Energy, and Control Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/pec.v2i1.49

Abstract

Considering the sporadic nature of energy supply in Ghana, most communities have the main grid, solar Photovoltaic (PV) systems, and generators as their sources of power. The availability of these three individual electricity sources often necessitates the use of a manual power changeover. Manual changeovers often result in power mismatch and energy inefficiencies, resulting in the need for an automated power dispatch control system. This study explores the use of an Arduino Uno controller to fix this power mismatch and eliminate this inefficiency. This Arduino controller was used for the design of the dispatch control system, and the controlling algorithm was designed using Proteus software. The result of the simulation shows the ability of the system to alternate between prioritised and less prioritised electricity sources, depending on the availability of power, without interruption. The simulation results show the efficiency of the design to effectively dispatch power within 450ms without the need for human interference.
Solar Panel Efficiency Enhancement through Water Cooling with IoT Integration BimaJaya, Adam; Permana, Agustian Damar; Devitra, Heldy
Journal of Power, Energy, and Control Vol. 2 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/pec.v2i1.53

Abstract

The efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) solar panels declines significantly with increasing temperature due to the thermal sensitivity of semiconductor materials. To mitigate this issue, various cooling strategies—particularly water-based systems—have been explored. This study presents the design and implementation of an Internet of Things (IoT)-based monitoring system to assess the impact of water cooling on PV panel performance. Experiments were conducted in a laboratory environment using observational methods, with data collected at 30-second intervals and visualized via the ThingSpeak platform. Results show that panels equipped with water cooling maintained lower operating temperatures and generated higher average voltage outputs than non-cooled counterparts. These findings confirm a positive correlation between temperature reduction and enhanced panel efficiency. While current measurements were not directly analyzed due to the system’s solar charge controller (SCC) configuration, the overall setup proved effective for real-time performance monitoring and demonstrates the potential of IoT integration in optimizing solar energy systems, particularly for large-scale applications.
Time Delay Compensation for the Superheated Steam Temperature Control System Based on a Practical Feedforward Gain-Scheduling Cascade Control Design with Stability Analysis Gholaminejad, Tahereh; Dadkhah-Tehrani, Fereshteh; Maboodi, Mohsen
Journal of Power, Energy, and Control Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/pec.v2i2.46

Abstract

Controlling the temperature of superheated steam (SST) is essential for the safe and efficient operation of combined cycle power plants, but it has become challenging due to frequent load variations and safety requirements. Traditional PI controllers may struggle to provide optimal performance because of non-linearity, time delays, and disturbances, particularly under wide-range load conditions. This paper proposes a new feedforward gain-scheduling cascade control strategy that compensates for time delays while ensuring stable SST without complicating the control system. The method incorporates a well-defined feedforward control mechanism into a gain-scheduling PI structure, enabling quick adjustments of the water spray control valve to prevent SST overshoots during sudden power fluctuations. A stability analysis is included, and the proposed strategy has been successfully simulated and implemented at two real combined cycle power plants in Iran, demonstrating its effectiveness in maintaining smooth temperature control and enhancing power output without adding complexity to the system.
Performance Analysis of Over Current Relay on 20 kV Distribution Network Feeders Using MATLAB Hasibuan, Arlina; Daud, Muhammad; Putri, Raihan
Journal of Power, Energy, and Control Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/pec.v2i2.57

Abstract

Short circuit disturbances in electrical distribution systems can cause severe damage to equipment and compromise system stability if not properly addressed. To mitigate these impacts and maintain system reliability, protection devices such as overcurrent relays (OCR) are widely used to detect and automatically isolate overcurrent conditions. This study aims to analyze the magnitude of short circuit current and evaluate the performance of OCR in responding to faults in a 20 kV medium-voltage distribution network. The analysis was conducted using MATLAB Simulink, modeling the distribution system with parameters adjusted to actual system conditions. The simulation was carried out under two scenarios: normal operating conditions to ensure the OCR remains inactive when the current is within safe limits, and fault conditions to evaluate the accuracy and speed of the OCR response to overcurrent events. Simulation results show that the magnitude of the short circuit current decreases with the distance from the source, with values of 5,565.92 A at 5% of the feeder length, 1,367.25 A at 25%, 698.52 A at 50%, 468.87 A at 75%, and 352.83 A at 100%. Under normal conditions, the current waveform remains stable throughout the 0.2-second simulation period. In contrast, under fault conditions, a current surge exceeding the threshold occurs at 0.1 seconds, triggering the OCR. The relay responds promptly and accurately in accordance with the designed inverse-time characteristics, demonstrating its effectiveness and reliability in detecting and clearing short circuit faults in 20 kV distribution networks.
Voltage Surge Estimation in Inverter-Cable High-Impedance Load System Wilson, Benjamin Egyin; Armah, Ebenezer; Tsikata, Nutifafa
Journal of Power, Energy, and Control Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/pec.v2i2.62

Abstract

This paper presents a theoretical analysis of inverter–cable–high-impedance load systems using transmission line theory. High-frequency inverters with short voltage rise times can induce severe voltage surges at the load terminal due to impedance mismatch and wave reflections. An analytical expression is derived to estimate the peak terminal voltage as a function of the inverter rise time and cable propagation delay. Simulation results obtained using MATLAB confirm that the peak voltage can surge up to twice the DC link value (300 V for a 150 V DC source) when the inverter rise time is less than three times the cable propagation delay. To mitigate this overvoltage, a dV/dt filter is designed for worst-case rise-time conditions (step input), enhancing surge suppression without requiring redesign across varying switching speeds. The proposed method offers a practical, cost-effective solution for long-cable applications in high-frequency inverter systems.
Security Constrained Optimal Power Flow on A 132 kV Line with Service Potential Transformer Substations: A Case Study of Juja-Rabai Line Kitheka, Joel Mwithui
Journal of Power, Energy, and Control Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/pec.v2i2.66

Abstract

The frequent power outages in transmission lines have been associated with generation station expansion to meet growing power demand without corresponding transmission infrastructure development, leading to exceeded loadability limits and system outages. This paper utilized PowerWorld simulator and a modeled Juja-Rabai power network to analyze secure optimal power flow conditions of a 132 kV transmission line with installed Service Potential Transformer (SPT) substations that address power demand from scattered villages near high voltage lines. The study focused on economic load dispatch of three thermal power plants (Thika, Rabai, and Kipevu) supplying power via conventional and non-conventional substations. Security constrained economic load dispatch, optimal power flow, and security constrained optimal power flow were analyzed under both pre-contingency and post-contingency states, including forced contingency scenarios. The results revealed that generating stations successfully adjusted their economic dispatch to achieve secure and economical operation, eliminating line outage risks. The analysis demonstrated that up to nine SPT substations can be optimally terminated on a 132 kV line while maintaining voltage stability and system security. The SCOPF methodology effectively balanced economic optimization with security requirements, providing a robust framework for transmission system planning in developing countries and supporting the viability of SPT technology for rural electrification.

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