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Journal of Power, Energy, and Control
Published by MSD Institute
ISSN : -     EISSN : 30478804     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Mechanical Engineering
Journal of Power, Energy, and Control (PEC) mainly focuses on power engineering, energy engineering, renewable energy, control systems in energy application, and various sustainable energy applications. PEC welcomes the submission of high quality original research papers, review papers, and case study reports.
Arjuna Subject : Energi (semua kategori) - Teknik Energi dan Teknologi Daya
Articles 21 Documents
 1   2   3 
Optimising Agrivoltaic Systems: Identifying Suitable Solar Development Sites for Integrated Food and Energy Production Tri Nugroho, Apri; Pramono Hadi, Sasongko; Sutanta, Heri; Adikara Ajrin, Hyatma
Journal of Power, Energy, and Control Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/pec.v1i1.3

Abstract

This study explores the integration of food and energy systems as a solution to address agricultural challenges in the dryland region of Gunungkidul Regency. Facing water scarcity issues, the region's abundant solar irradiation potential presents an opportunity for co-locating food and energy production, specifically through the implementation of an agrivoltaic system. Seven sub-districts had been designated in the local government regulations for solar energy development sites, including Gedangsari, Nglipar, Ngawen, Purwosari, Saptosari, Tanjungsari, and Tepus. Ten criteria and five constraints were established to assess their suitability for agrivoltaic systems. Utilising map overlay analysis and integrating GIS-MCDA with Fuzzy and AHP methodologies, three sub-districts—Semanu, Wonosari, and Tepus—emerged as the most suitable locations. Each sub-district boasts substantial total areas of 1,779.9 Ha, 1,325.5 Ha, and 1,147.21 Ha, respectively, with Tepus aligning with the local government's solar energy development plan. This comprehensive approach ensures that the selected locations meet both energy development goals and the potential for successful agrivoltaic implementation. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the feasibility of implementing food and energy combinations through an agrivoltaic system in Gunungkidul Regency, providing insights into suitable sub-districts and emphasising the importance of aligning regional energy plans with sustainable agricultural practices on arid land.
Examining Power Quality Challenges in Photovoltaic-Grid Integration: A Critical Review Sandi, Zakariya
Journal of Power, Energy, and Control Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/pec.v1i1.4

Abstract

With the massive growth of photovoltaic (PV) installations worldwide, the impact of integration between PV and the grid is becoming a serious issue and requires immediate attention. This is due to the intermittent power that the PV itself generates. The quality of the power can affect the stability of the system, the protection equipment, and the energy efficiency, which imposes a financial issue. This literature review will present the most frequently encountered problems when PV integrates with the grid, namely power quality issues, particularly on the distribution network. Problem-solving will also be presented as a reference for future PV development. It discusses several ways to handle power quality problems, depending on the factors influencing power quality. One of the proven ways is to use a modern inverter equipped with features that suit the system's needs. However, the discussion in this paper is limited to the issues of power quality and voltage generated by PV integrated into the grid. Future studies can discuss other technical issues, such as protection, feeder losses, and other problems that may arise in the future.
Modification of Polycrystalline PV String for Charging on Electric Scooter Hazrina, Fadhillah; Purwiyanto, Purwiyanto; Ali, Naufal; Widiyanto, Syam
Journal of Power, Energy, and Control Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/pec.v1i1.5

Abstract

Electric scooters rely on batteries to power BLDC motors, which are traditionally recharged through the household electricity grid. However, alternatives like solar energy are being explored to reduce dependency on conventional power sources. A challenge arises due to the discrepancy in voltage compatibility between standard solar panels and scooter batteries. Typically, a 36 V scooter battery requires a higher voltage input than the 18 V output of a single solar panel. This requires modifications to align solar cell design with battery voltage requirements. This study implements a PZEM-015 sensor for monitoring battery energy consumption. The contribution of this study is twofold: to develop and optimise solar cell modification for effective battery charging and to assess battery consumption concerning speed and travel duration. Testing reveals that a series circuit modification yields an average voltage of 39.2 V and an average current of 0.55 A, resulting in 21.8 Wp of power output. Analysis of scooter performance indicates that maintaining speeds between 4.16 m/s and 5.55 m/s significantly extends travel time and conserves battery energy. These findings highlight the potential of modified solar PV in enhancing electric scooter efficiency and sustainability.
Wind Power Prediction Model Using Machine Learning Waweru, Paul; Kagiri, Charles; Mulembo, Titus
Journal of Power, Energy, and Control Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/pec.v1i1.6

Abstract

Before installing a wind turbine, it's essential to conduct wind power forecasting to gauge the effectiveness of the wind power initiative. Conventionally, wind speed measurements have been conducted instantaneously between various points. These measurement points solely indicate the locations where wind turbines will be positioned. However, these locations might exhibit reduced wind speeds, potentially making them less suitable for the optimal placement of the wind turbine. To address location challenges, we suggest conducting wind power predictions in areas where wind measuring instruments are yet to be installed. The study relies on the instantaneous measurements already performed at the site set up at the Dedan Kimathi University of Technology. To this end, a wind power forecasting model has been created. Real-time data from the site was gathered via a wireless sensor node utilising the Internet of Things (IoT). Additionally, a machine learning prediction model based on time series analysis was developed. Our forecasts were moderately aligned with the testing values, showing seasonality throughout the year. Therefore, the developed machine learning model captured the underlying patterns, trends, and seasonality in the wind data, making its forecasts reliable.
Risk Assessment Analysis of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems in Remote Areas: Case Study of Domadgee, Australia Risky, Muhammad Fahrul
Journal of Power, Energy, and Control Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/pec.v1i1.8

Abstract

This study comprehensively analyses the energy requirements and options for Doomadgee, a remote indigenous community in Australia. Currently, the electricity provider relies on a 2.44 MW diesel power generator, resulting in high operational costs and carbon emissions. This study explores transition options to renewable energy sources to address these challenges while ensuring reliable and cost-effective power supply. This study suggests utilising a 2.4 MW wind energy source, a 1.2 MW solar energy source, and a 4 MW battery storage system that can last 8 hours. This configuration aims to reduce diesel consumption, optimise the internal rate of return (IRR), and establish a sustainable energy mix with low capital expenditure. The wind and solar capacities recommended for Doomadgee also consider seasonal fluctuations, such as wet and dry seasons in energy demand, ensuring efficient power production all year round. The study commences with the development of a risk matrix to determine the hurdle rate. The next step involves conducting ten distinct scenarios to evaluate the investment's financial feasibility, considering various variables such as wind, solar, equipment, and battery storage capacities. Sensitivity analysis also determines the most significant factors impacting financial valuation. This analysis provides valuable insights that can aid in the decision-making process.
Melting Process Investigation of KCl Salt as a PCM by Enthalpy-Porosity Simulation Model with Temperature-dependent Physical Properties Hasan, Muhammad Miqdad; Luthfie, Alief Avicenna
Journal of Power, Energy, and Control Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/pec.v1i2.22

Abstract

Salt as a phase change material (PCM) in thermal energy storage (TES) can store solar thermal energy in the form of latent heat by experiencing a process known as the melting process. Recently, the melting process can be observed and investigated using an enthalpy-porosity simulation model. However, the use of enthalpy-porosity simulation model is still focused on constant physical properties, i.e., density and viscosity, of the PCM, and thus, the changes in the physical properties with respect to temperature during the melting process are not included in the simulation process. Therefore, this study aims to use the enthalpy-porosity simulation model with temperature-dependent physical properties of the PCM to investigate the melting process. The salt in this study is Potassium Chloride (KCl), and the computational domain is a concentric tube based on the assumption that the salt is fully contained within the computational domain. The physical properties of the KCl salt (density and viscosity) are set as functions of temperature to include the changes in the physical properties with respect to temperature during the melting process. The simulation results show that the melting process period is 450 s. In addition, the tendency of the melting rate, which is defined as the change in liquid fraction per unit time, is observed to decrease during the melting process. Compared with the constant physical properties of the KCl salt, the melting period of the KCl salt with temperature-dependent physical properties is observed to be shorter, with a deviation of 28.57%.
Assessing the Potential of Biomass Power Generation for Renewable Energy Transition in South Papua Province, Indonesia Martoyoedo, Satryo; Uyun, Aep Saepul; Nur, Syukri Muhammad; Mikail, Barry
Journal of Power, Energy, and Control Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/pec.v1i2.24

Abstract

This study aims to explore the potential for biomass-based power plant to accelerate the development of renewable energy to replace the role of fossil energy in Merauke district, South Papua Province. The method used in this study is, first, to collect data and analyze the load on the grid system and the portion of the energy mix as well as the availability of woody biomass from forest areas by making a simulation of the development of a 2 x 12 MW Biomass Power Plant. Second, by conducting experiments to obtain woodchip conversion, as the fuel of the Biomass Power Plant, from the wood log and conversion from Biomass Power Plant capacity to the required biomass plantation area. The results provide an overview of the big potency for developing biomass-based power generation by utilizing biomass from the local industrial plantation forest and show the energy transition towards energy independence. This study can be useful for policy makers and opportunities for entrepreneurs or suppliers of wood biomass, as well. For the future, in terms of fuel efficiency, it is necessary to reduce the plantation area as a source of biomass for power plants by reducing the moisture content of the woodchip to increase the calorific value and utilizing the forest residue. Furthermore, the comparison cost study between fossil power plant and biomass power plant, as well as the strategy for preserving the plantation to ensure a steady biomass supply is conducted.
Economic Load Dispatch on a 132 kV Line with Service Potential Transformer Substations: A Case Study of Juja-Rabai Line. Kitheka, Joel Mwithui; Moses, Peter Musau; Nyete, Abraham Mutunga; Abungu, Nicodemus O.
Journal of Power, Energy, and Control Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/pec.v1i2.26

Abstract

Power outages have created significant challenges for power system networks, particularly in developing countries where the electricity demand continues to rise without a corresponding increase in power generation or the expansion of transmission and distribution networks. In Kenya, while there is a well-established transmission line network, the distribution infrastructure remains inadequate for supplying electricity to end consumers. This paper examines the economic load dispatch (ELD) of power system networks utilizing Service Potential Transformer (SPT) substations to provide electricity to villages located near high voltage (HV) lines. The ELD analysis was conducted to identify the optimal economic power output from the Kipevu, Rabai, and Thika thermal power plants, addressing the demand for both conventional and non-conventional substations. A gradient method was employed to calculate the ELD for these three generating units, and the results were validated using the PowerWorld simulator. Findings indicated that the three generators supplied 20 MW, 37.5 MW, and 12.5 MW, respectively. The results obtained from the gradient method are consistent with those obtained from PowerWorld software. Additionally, this study projected an annual fuel cost savings of USD 17,695.20 when ELD was implemented, compared to a scenario of equal load distribution among generating units. Over a ten-year period, these savings would be sufficient to establish a conventional distribution substation to meet the power demands of villages located further away from high voltage lines.
IoT-Based Control, Monitoring, and Protection System for 3-Phase Induction Motors in Electric Motorcycles Musyafiq, Afrizal Abdi; Akbar, Mohammad Hafiz; Purwiyanto, Purwiyanto; Ilahi, Novita Asma; Dewi, Riyani Prima; Pradana, Muhammad Fakhruriza
Journal of Power, Energy, and Control Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/pec.v1i2.32

Abstract

This study investigates the application of the Internet of Things (IoT) for wireless control and monitoring of a 3-phase electric motor using a smartphone. The system integrates PZEM-004T, DS18B20, and Hall Effect sensors to collect data on voltage, current, temperature, and rotational speed using the NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller. Measurements are displayed on an LCD and transmitted to the Blynk server for smartphone access. A comparative method evaluates the accuracy of sensor readings against standard measuring instruments. Results obtained an average percentage error of 0.5% for the R phase voltage, 0.2% for the S phase, and 0.1% for the T phase. Current measurements reveal errors of 5% for the R phase, 10.3% for the S phase, and 11.7% for the T phase. The control system’s performance varies with internet speed, with an average delay of 0.99 seconds on a 4G network and 2.51 seconds on 3G. Additionally, the study evaluates three protection mechanisms, demonstrating that the motor stops within 4.03 seconds in the event of a phase failure, while overcurrent and overheating protections activate within 8.47 seconds and 3.64 seconds, respectively. Overall, the findings affirm the viability of IoT in motor monitoring and control, emphasizing accuracy and response times under varying conditions.
Design and Implementation of a Microcontroller-Based Adaptive Four-Way Traffic Light Control System for Traffic Optimization Muhammed, Aniru Abudu; Gregory, Omoruyi; Aigbodion, Emmanuella Osose
Journal of Power, Energy, and Control Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : MSD Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62777/pec.v1i2.34

Abstract

This paper presents the design and construction of a microcontroller-based four-way traffic light control system aimed at optimizing traffic flow by automatically adjusting signal timing based on traffic density at each intersection. The system is built around an Arduino ATmega328 microcontroller inter-faced with break beam infrared (IR) sensors (transmitters and receivers) and LED displays. The IR sensors are installed on both sides of the lanes at regulated intervals to detect traffic density. The system is powered by a 12V DC battery and a 5V, 3A power supply is provided using a buck converter IC (LM2596), which steps down the 12V from the battery to 5V, 3A. This 5V power is used to run the Arduino microcontroller and the Darlington pair ICs for current sinking and sourcing. As vehicles pass through the areas monitored by the IR sensors, the traffic density is measured for each opposing lane, allowing the system to determine which lane should be prioritized for traffic flow. The corresponding LED indicators are then activated accordingly.

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