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Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences

GIJLSS
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Published by Greenation Research

ISSN : 29863856 EISSN : 29863155 DOI : https://doi.org/10.38035/gijlss

Core Subject : Social,

Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences (GIJLSS) is a journal that uses a blind peer-review model that can be accessed online. GIJLSS aims to publish a journal containing quality articles that will be able to contribute thoughts from theoretical and empirical perspectives for the advancement of technology and education. The writings on GIJLSS will make a significant contribution to critical thinking in the scientific field in general, particularly in the fields of Law and Social Sciences.

Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum

Articles 177 Documents

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Algorithmic Constitutionality: New Challenges for Constitutional Law in The Era of Artificial Intelligence Vidi Galenso Syarief; Marjan Miharja; Gunawan Nachrawi; Yusuf Gunawan
Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): (GIJLSS) Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences (July - Au
Publisher : Greenation Research & Yayasan Global Resarch National

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/gijlss.v4i3.996

The development of artificial intelligence (Artificial Intelligence/AI) technology has encouraged the use of algorithms in various aspects of government administration, including administrative decision-making, public service delivery, and the management of state data. The presence of algorithms as decision-making instruments raises new issues in constitutional law, particularly in relation to the principles of constitutionality, constitutional supremacy, the protection of human rights, and the general principles of good governance. This article aims to analyze the position of algorithms from the perspective of constitutional law and to examine the constitutional challenges arising from the use of algorithms in governmental practice in the era of artificial intelligence. The research method employed is normative legal research using a statute approach, a conceptual approach, and a comparative approach. The legal materials used include statutory regulations and legal literature relevant to the development of digital technology and algorithm-based governance. The findings indicate that the use of algorithms in government has the potential to improve the efficiency, accuracy, and transparency of public services; however, it also poses serious challenges to the principle of constitutionality, such as the risk of algorithmic discrimination, lack of transparency (black box algorithm), and the potential violation of the right to personal data protection and the right to procedural justice. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the legal framework and constitutional oversight mechanisms for the use of algorithms in government administration, including the establishment of specific regulations, algorithmic accountability standards, and judicial oversight that is adaptive to technological developments.

Sentencing Disparities Against Corporations in Forest Destruction Crimes: An Analysis of Court Decisions Fahrial Ansar; Hariman Satria; Faisal Abdaud
Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): (GIJLSS) Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences (July - Au
Publisher : Greenation Research & Yayasan Global Resarch National

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/gijlss.v4i3.1008

This study examines sentencing disparities against corporations in forest destruction crimes through an analysis of three Indonesian court decisions involving PT. Bososi Pratama, PT. Natural Persada Mandiri, and PT. Pertambangan Nikel Nusantara in the Lalindu protected forest area, North Konawe. The study uses normative legal research with a case approach and a conceptual approach. The case approach is used to examine the ratio decidendi, indictments, prosecutorial demands, criminal sanctions, and evidence status in each decision, while the conceptual approach is used to interpret the findings through doctrines of corporate criminal liability and sentencing disparity. The findings show that disparity does not only appear in the amount of criminal fines imposed by judges. It also emerges earlier in the criminal process through different forms of indictment, unequal prosecutorial demands, inconsistent criminal judgments, and different treatment of evidence originating from comparable sources. The theoretical contribution of this study lies in showing that sentencing disparity in corporate environmental crimes must be understood as a procedural and substantive problem, not merely as a difference in final punishment. The study is urgent because inconsistent sentencing in forest destruction cases can weaken legal certainty, reduce deterrence, and undermine the function of corporate punishment in restoring environmental harm and preventing repeated violations.

The New Media Operating System (NMOS): A Synthesis Model of Deconglomeration, Decentralization, and Demassification in the New Media Communication Domain Prabu Revolusi; Wishnutama Kusubandio; Radians Krisna Febriandy
Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): (GIJLSS) Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences (July - Au
Publisher : Greenation Research & Yayasan Global Resarch National

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/gijlss.v4i3.1022

Title: The New Media Operating System (NMOS): A Synthesis Model of Deconglomeration, Decentralization, and Demassification in the New Media Communication Domain. Object: The five operational mechanisms through which organic new media entities function within the ecosystem produced by deconglomeration, decentralization, and demassification, studied within the Indonesian media landscape as primary empirical context. Method: This study employs a systematic literature review of 38 sources selected from 412 initial articles spanning 2020 to 2025, grounded in the New Media Communication Domain framework, Media morphosis, and Teknologimorfosis, supported by secondary empirical data on media consumption, entity growth, advertising expenditure, and audience behavior in Indonesia. Results: The NMOS model identifies five operational mechanisms: algorithmic gatekeeping, attention economy architecture, prosumer and participatory production, datafication, and platform governance. A critical conceptual correction establishes that platform technology corporations such as YouTube, Meta, and TikTok are digital distribution infrastructure analogous to the printing press, not media entities. Secondary data from Indonesia document a 165-fold growth in registered online media entities between 2010 and 2023 and a television advertising share decline from 68 to 33 percent between 2015 and 2024, with organic YouTube creators consistently outperforming legacy television channels. Conclusion: The NMOS model constitutes a synthesis of the three structural transformation processes and provides scholars with an integrated analytical framework and policymakers with a basis for infrastructure-targeted media regulation in the platform era.

From Anxiety to Trust: A Transcendental Phenomenology of Dyadic Doctor–Patient Communication in Medical Decision–Making at an Indonesian Hospital Tintin Tintin; Turnomo Rahardjo; Jamalullail Jamalullail; Mikhael Dua
Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): (GIJLSS) Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences (July - Au
Publisher : Greenation Research & Yayasan Global Resarch National

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/gijlss.v4i3.1049

Effective doctor–patient communication remains a global problem: surveys across ten countries reveal wide perception gaps between doctors and patients, and in Indonesia 35% of patients report dissatisfaction with consultation communication, while prior research remains predominantly quantitative and overlooks the lived experience that constitutes the dyadic relationship. This study aims to explore the development of the doctor–patient communication relationship through the patient’s active involvement, the communication experiences of both parties, and the transcendental meaning of their dyadic relationship for patient centered care and the biopsychosocial model. Using an interpretive paradigm and a descriptive qualitative approach, Edmund Husserl’s transcendental phenomenology was applied through epoché, phenomenological reduction, imaginative variation, and synthesis of meaning to three purposively selected doctor–patient dyads—an internist, a pediatrician, and an obstetrician–gynecologist with their respective patients—at Hospital 123, Indonesia; data were collected through participant observation and in-depth semi-structured and unstructured interviews, and validated through triangulation of techniques, sources, and time. The results show that the relationship develops in stages, from digital pre-consultation information seeking through the orientation, affective exploration, affective, and stable levels, culminating in shared decision-making; the lived experience transforms patient anxiety into trust through the doctor’s empathic presence; and self-disclosure expands to include prayer, empathy, and respect, yielding a biopsychosocial–spiritual–cultural perspective. The study concludes that clinical communication is a humanizing encounter in which professional competence and empathy together restore the patient’s dignity, and it offers a four-level dyadic communication model for evaluating patient-centeredness in hospitals.

A Substantive Justice-Based Model for Controlling Judicial Discretion in the Application of Judicial Pardon Rianda Prahartiwi; Kadi Sukarna
Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): (GIJLSS) Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences (July - Au
Publisher : Greenation Research & Yayasan Global Resarch National

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/gijlss.v4i3.1050

This study examines the problem of judicial discretion in the application of judicial pardon under Article 54 paragraph (2) of Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP). Judicial pardon represents a significant reform in the sentencing system, as it allows judges to refrain from imposing criminal sanctions or measures even when the defendant has been proven guilty. However, the formulation of the provision contains broad and open-ended phrases such as “the minor nature of the offense,” “the personal circumstances of the offender,” “justice,” and “humanity,” which may give rise to subjectivity, sentencing disparities, and legal uncertainty if not accompanied by adequate control parameters. This study employs a normative-prescriptive legal research method using statutory, conceptual, and limited comparative approaches. The findings indicate that the application of judicial pardon should be guided by a substantive justice-based model encompassing four control mechanisms: proof of culpability, eligibility for pardon, consideration of the interests of victims and society, and explicit as well as reviewable legal reasoning. This model positions judicial pardon not as an act of subjective leniency, but as a rational, proportional, and accountable judicial mechanism.

Global Communication: Paradox of Integration and Fragmentation (A Postcolonial Perspective) Umar Suryadi Bakry
Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): (GIJLSS) Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences (July - Au
Publisher : Greenation Research & Yayasan Global Resarch National

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/gijlss.v4i3.1139

This article analyzes the paradox of contemporary global communication from a post-colonial perspective, namely how communication technology and digital media simultaneously drive global integration while generating social, cultural, and political fragmentation. On the one hand, the internet, social media, and digital platforms expand cross-border connectivity, accelerate information exchange, and shape the global public sphere. On the other hand, the structure of global communication remains dominated by states and corporations from the Global North, thus reproducing colonial inequalities in a new form often referred to as digital colonialism. This research uses qualitative methods with a critical literature approach based on post-colonial theory, global communication, and the political economy of media. The results show that global integration does not occur neutrally but is shaped by power relations that determine who produces, distributes, and controls the flow of information. Fragmentation emerges through digital polarization, platform algorithms, media nationalism, and local cultural resistance to global homogenization. This article concludes that 21st-century global communication is an arena of contestation between integration and fragmentation, where colonial legacies continue to influence the structure of international communication. Therefore, a more inclusive, decolonial, and equitable global communication governance is needed.

Reforming Indonesia’s Tax Administration: A Constitutional and Institutional Analysis of the Directorate General of Taxes’ Transformation into a Semi-Autonomous Tax Revenue Agency Fatmawati Fatmawati; Febrian Febrian; Ridwan Ridwan
Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): (GIJLSS) Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences (July - Au
Publisher : Greenation Research & Yayasan Global Resarch National

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/gijlss.v4i3.1140

This study examines the organizational model of the Directorate General of Taxes (DGT) following its proposed revitalization into a Tax Revenue Agency within the Indonesian government. Currently, the DGT’s institutional design faces significant dependency issues due to its status as an Echelon I unit under the Ministry of Finance. This dependency creates obstacles such as limited authority to independently manage budgets and human resources, bureaucratic red tape, and the potential for political interference in policymaking. Employing a normative legal research method with a statutory approach, this study finds that transforming the institution into a semi-autonomous agency (SARA) model independent and directly accountable to the President could substantially enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of tax administration. This semi-autonomous model is projected to optimize the tax authority's performance in boosting state revenue and narrowing the tax compliance gap. As a recommendation, this complex and high-risk structural transformation requires a robust legal foundation established through new legislation. Furthermore, its success hinges on consistent political commitment from the nation's top leadership, the creation of rigorous accountability mechanisms such as an oversight board and well-prepared transition safeguards to manage every stage of the organizational change.

Reforming Theological Pedagogy in Christian Religious Education in the Digital Era: A Theological-Didactic Analysis Paulus Tnunay; Thomas Pentury; Wilson Rajagukguk
Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): (GIJLSS) Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences (July - Au
Publisher : Greenation Research & Yayasan Global Resarch National

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/gijlss.v4i3.1153

This study examines the transformation of theological pedagogy within digital learning environments, focusing on the shift from a transmission-oriented model to a dialogical, reflective, and transformative paradigm. Employing a literature-based approach that engages theories of theological pedagogy, reflective didactics, and digital learning practices, the conceptual synthesis suggests that digital spaces foster new forms of active learner engagement in constructing theological meaning. The analysis identifies three core conceptual transformations: (1) a paradigmatic shift toward participatory learning; (2) a theological reinterpretation of presence and incarnation beyond physical proximity; and (3) the emergence of digital space as a legitimate locus theologicus for experiencing and articulating faith. The discussion further highlights the relevance of Groome’s shared praxis and Klafki’s reflective didactics as foundational frameworks for designing pedagogical models that are both contextually grounded and transformative. Overall, this study contributes to contemporary discussions on theological education by emphasizing the need to reconstruct pedagogical goals, processes, and relational dynamics for the digital age.

Model of Using Tiktok’s UGC as a New Media Political Communication Strategy for The 2024 Presidential Election in Indonesia Prabu Revolusi
Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences Vol. 1 No. 4 (2023): (GIJLSS) Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences (December
Publisher : Greenation Research & Yayasan Global Resarch National

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/gijlss.v1i4.226

This research explores the use of TikTok as a new tool for political communication strategy in the context of the 2024 Presidential Election in Indonesia, focusing on the User Generated Content (UGC) model and the role of "Proxy" as a key component. The concept of UGC emphasizes how social media, particularly TikTok, influences political dynamics by allowing active public contribution to creating and disseminating political content that can shape public opinion. In the new media era, the Two-Step Flow Model and its modifications illustrate a shift from direct message transmission from opinion leaders to followers towards a more complex integration where opinion leaders and influencers interact not only with their followers but also with mass media through UGC. The research methodology employed is qualitative with a phenomenological approach, enabling researchers to delve into how TikTok is used to disseminate political information and shape public opinion. Data collected and analyzed aim to understand new constructions in political communication through UGC in the digital context. The study indicates that TikTok plays a crucial role in political communication strategy in Indonesia, where its success or failure can significantly impact public perceptions of political candidates. Findings provide a foundational basis for strategic recommendations to enhance the effectiveness of political campaigns in an era of rapid technological advancement. Overall, this research not only reveals the evolution of political communication strategies in the digital age but also offers valuable insights for the development of future political campaigns in Indonesia. The intensive use of social media platforms like TikTok as tools to influence public opinion and voter choices is increasingly becoming a critical strategy that needs careful management by political actors and their campaign teams.

The Influence of Digital Marketing and Product Innovation Product Innovation on Competitive Advantage And its Implications on Performance Marketing (A Survey of Smes Assisted by The Department of Trade and Industry of Bandung City) Astri Kusendang; Agus Mulyana; Feby Febrian
Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences Vol. 1 No. 4 (2023): (GIJLSS) Greenation International Journal of Law and Social Sciences (December
Publisher : Greenation Research & Yayasan Global Resarch National

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/gijlss.v1i4.245

The purpose of this research was to determine and analyze digital marketing, product innovation, competitive advantage and marketing performance, the effect of digital marketing and product innovation simultaneously and partially on competitive advantage, and the effect of competitive advantage on marketing performance in SMEs/IKM assisted by the Department of Trade and Industry. Bandung. The population in this research were SMEs/IKM assisted by the Department of Trade and Industry of Bandung City. The research method used in this research was descriptive survey method with a sample of 80 respondents, and the data analysis method used was path analysis using SPSS version 23 data processing software. Based on the result of the research found that the digital marketing, product innovation, competitive advantage and marketing performance in SMEs/IKM assisted by the Department of Trade and Industry of Bandung City has a category that wasalready high. Digital marketing and product innovation simultaneously have a positive effect on competitive advantage with a coefficient of determination of 40.9%, partially digital marketing variables was the most dominant variable affecting the competitive advantage. Competitive advantage has a positive and significant effect on marketing performance with a determination coefficient of 80.8%. Another important finding from this research is that digital marketing and product innovation indirectly have a positive effect on marketing performance through the competitive advantage variable.

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Contact Name M. Rizky Mahaputra

Contact Email greenation.info@gmail.com

Phone +6281210467572

Journal Mail Official greenation.info@gmail.com

Editorial Address Jl. Kapten. A. Hasan, Telanaipura, Kota Jambi, Jambi 36361, Indonesia

Location Kota jambi, Jambi INDONESIA

Abstract

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Contact Name
M. Rizky Mahaputra

Contact Email
greenation.info@gmail.com

Phone
+6281210467572

Journal Mail Official
greenation.info@gmail.com

Editorial Address
Jl. Kapten. A. Hasan, Telanaipura, Kota Jambi, Jambi 36361, Indonesia

Location
Kota jambi,

Jambi

INDONESIA