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Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin
Published by Universitas Negeri Surabaya
ISSN : 2337828X     EISSN : 29887429     DOI : https://doi.org/10.26740/jrm.v9i03
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Control & Systems Engineering Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
The Journal of Mechanical Engineering (JRM) is published three times a year, in April, August, and December, by the Applied Bachelor Degree Program (D4) in Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Negeri Surabaya (UNESA). It serves as a medium of information and a forum for Development of Technology, Numerical Studies, Experimental Studies, and Applied Research in the field of Mechanical Engineering. The journal contains scientific papers, summaries of research results, literature reviews, and original critical ideas. The editorial team invites researchers, practitioners, and anyone interested in contributing articles that have not been published elsewhere. The themes of the articles include Machining Materials and Metallurgy Manufacturing Processes Mechanical Design Control Systems
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 310 Documents
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Analisis Sifat Mekanik Bioplastik PLA–Tepung Kulit Pisang pada Beragam Suhu Pemrosesan melalui Injection Molding Maulana, Adimashqi; Fitri Ganda, Andita Nataria; Puspitasari, Dewi; Abdulloh, Isa Yuanata
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol 11 No 01 (2026): JRM April 2026 (In Press)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/jrm.v11i01.74650

Abstract

This study analyzes the effect of injection molding processing temperature variation on mechanical properties of bioplastic based on polylactic acid (PLA) reinforced with bananapeel flour. Material was processed at three different temperatures (200°C, 225°C, 250°C) with70% PLA–30% banana peel flour composition. Tensile testing was performed using Universal Testing Machine (UTM) according to ASTM D638 Type I standard to measure tensile strength and elastic modulus. Results showed that 225°C produced the highest tensile strength of 50.96 MPa and elastic modulus of 49.96 MPa, far exceeding 200°C (27.09 MPa;21.99 MPa) and 250°C (35.97 MPa; 30.40 MPa). This research confirms that there is an optimum temperature of 225°C that produces the best balance between material structure homogeneity and matrix–filler interfacial bonding, making PLA–banana peel flour bioplastic potentially suitable as a conventional plastic substitute with competitive mechanical properties.
Studi Pengaruh Suhu Pemrosesan Terhadap Kekuatan Tarik Bioplastik PLA (Polylactic Acid) dan Tepung Kulit Singkong Ashrori, Moch. Kharis; Puspitasari, Dewi; Ganda, Andita Nataria Fitri
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol 11 No 01 (2026): JRM April 2026 (In Press)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/jrm.v11i01.74903

Abstract

Conventional plastics are widely used due to their good mechanical properties; however, they pose serious environmental problems because they are difficult to degrade naturally. Therefore, bioplastics based on renewable resources, such as Polylactic Acid (PLA) reinforced with cassava peel flour as a natural filler, have been developed as an environmentally friendly alternative. This study aimed to analyze the effect of processing temperature variations on the mechanical properties and biodegradation rate of PLA–cassava peel flour bioplastics. An experimental method was employed with processing temperatures of 200 °C, 225 °C, and 250 °C. The material composition consisted of 70 wt% PLA and 30 wt% cassava peel flour, which was processed using injection molding through the melt intercalation technique. Tensile test specimens were prepared according to ASTM D638 Type I standards. Mechanical characterization was conducted using a Universal Testing Machine (UTM), while biodegradation behavior was evaluated using the soil burial test for four weeks. The results showed that a processing temperature of 225 °C produced the highest tensile strength of approximately 67 MPa. Increasing the temperature to 250 °C resulted in a decrease in tensile strength and elongation due to thermal degradation, although the elastic modulus and biodegradation rate increased. These findings indicate that processing temperature plays a crucial role in controlling the relationship between processing conditions, material structure, and mechanical properties of PLA–cassava peel flour bioplastic. Keywords: Bioplastic, Polylactic Acid, Cassava Peel Flour, Processing Temperature, Tensile Properties.
ANALISIS VARIASI KOMPOSISI PLA DENGAN TAMBAHAN PATI KULIT SINGKONG TERHADAP SIFAT UJI TARIK rachman, aris; Dewi; Andita
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol 11 No 01 (2026): JRM April 2026 (In Press)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/jrm.v11i01.74910

Abstract

Plastic waste derived from petroleum-based materials poses serious environmental challenges, driving the development of environmentally friendly alternatives such as bioplastics. One promising approach is the incorporation of natural fillers into polylactic acid (PLA) to enhance its properties and biodegradability. This study aims to investigate the effect of varying compositions of PLA and cassava peel starch on the mechanical properties of bioplastics, particularly tensile strength, elastic modulus, and elongation. Bioplastics were fabricated using an injection molding process with cassava peel starch contents of 0 wt%, 10 wt%, 20 wt%, and 30 wt%. Tensile testing was conducted according to ASTM D638 standards using a Universal Testing Machine. The results indicate that the addition of cassava peel starch significantly influences the mechanical performance of the bioplastics. The optimal composition was achieved at 30 wt% starch content, exhibiting the highest tensile strength of 68.5 MPa, elastic modulus of 4515.15 MPa, and elongation of 6.3%. These improvements suggest enhanced interfacial bonding and more effective filler dispersion within the PLA matrix. The findings demonstrate that PLA–cassava peel starch bioplastics have strong potential as sustainable materials with improved mechanical performance for broader industrial applications.
Analisis Pengaruh Variasi Kecepatan dan Karakteristik Roda Penggiling Terhadap Kapasitas Hasil Penggilingan Dimas Aryaputra; Arya Mahendra Sakti; Dyah Riandadari; Nurul Ainu Sofi
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol 11 No 01 (2026): JRM April 2026 (In Press)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Optimizing the processing of agricultural waste, especially peanut hulls, is a significant challenge inincreasing the economic value of food byproducts. This study aims to analyze the performance of a disc millthrough experiments exploring two key mechanical parameters: variations in shaft rotational speed and thegeometric characteristics of the grinding wheel (number of blades). Experiments were conducted using anFFC-15 machine, where the grinding wheel was varied to 2, 3, and 4 blades, combined with variations in shaftrotational speed of 2400, 2600, and 2800 rpm. The results showed a nonlinear phenomenon, namely thatincreasing the number of blades did not always increase efficiency. The 4-blade configuration actually causedair turbulence and flow resistance, thus reducing production capacity, while the 2-blade configurationtriggered the release of many fine particles. The best performance was achieved with a 3-blade configurationat 2800 rpm, which produced the highest grinding capacity of 0.095 kg per minute. This configuration offersthe best balance between impact frequency and material circulation space, thus becoming a technicalrecommendation for improving the efficiency of the husk waste processing machine.
Rancang Bangun Mesin Uji Abrasi Material Alumunium Terhadap Pelumasan Oli Eko Saputra, Aditiya Wahyu; Wulandari, Diah; Sakti, Arya Mahendra; Puspitasari, Dewi
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol 11 No 01 (2026): JRM April 2026 (In Press)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Abrasion is a common wear mechanism that occurs in machine components due to repeated frictional contact, particularly in aluminum materials that are widely used because of their light weight and corrosion resistance. Nevertheless, aluminum remains susceptible to wear when the lubrication system does not perform optimally. This study aims to design and develop a laboratory-scale abrasion testing machine and to analyze the effect of rotational speed on the wear behavior of aluminum 6061 under oil lubrication. The research employed a research and development method consisting of design, fabrication, assembly, functional testing, and abrasion testing stages. Abrasion tests were conducted at rotational speeds of 500, 1000, and 1500 RPM with a constant load of 3 kg, a test duration of 30 minutes, and Shell SAE 10W-30 oil as the lubricant. Quantitative data were obtained from the measurement of specimen mass loss before and after testing, while qualitative analysis focused on machine performance and operational stability during testing. The results indicate that the developed abrasion testing machine operated properly and was capable of producing consistent wear data. The mass loss of aluminum specimens increased with higher rotational speeds, with the highest average wear observed at 1500 RPM. This study contributes by providing a simple and cost-effective abrasion testing machine for laboratory applications and by offering insights into the influence of rotational speed on the wear behavior of aluminum under lubricated conditions.
Analisis Pengaruh Variasi Kecepatan dan Karakteristik Roda Penggiling Terhadap Kapasitas Hasil Penggilingan Dimas Aryaputra; Arya Mahendra Sakti; Dyah Riandadari; Nurul Ainu Sofi
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol 11 No 01 (2026): JRM April 2026 (In Press)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/jrm.v11i01.75152

Abstract

Optimizing the processing of agricultural waste, especially peanut hulls, is a significant challenge in increasing the economic value of food byproducts. This study aims to analyze the performance of a disc mill through experiments exploring two key mechanical parameters: variations in shaft rotational speed and the geometric characteristics of the grinding wheel (number of blades). Experiments were conducted using an FFC-15 machine, where the grinding wheel was varied to 2, 3, and 4 blades, combined with variations in shaft rotational speed of 2400, 2600, and 2800 rpm. The results showed a nonlinear phenomenon, namely that increasing the number of blades did not always increase efficiency. The 4-blade configuration actually caused air turbulence and flow resistance, thus reducing production capacity, while the 2-blade configuration triggered the release of many fine particles. The best performance was achieved with a 3-blade configuration at 2800 rpm, which produced the highest grinding capacity of 0.095 kg per minute. This configuration offers the best balance between impact frequency and material circulation space, thus becoming a technical recommendation for improving the efficiency of the husk waste processing machine.
RANCANG BANGUN MESIN PENCACAH RUMPUT GAJAH UNTUK PROSES PEMBUATAN SILASE PAKAN TERNAK SAPI Genta Arya Rahma Mahendra, Genta; Wulandari, Diah; Utama, Firman Yasa; Widoretno, Yustin Setiya
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol 11 No 01 (2026): JRM April 2026 (In Press)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/jrm.v11i01.75196

Abstract

Silage is a method of providing cow feed that requires a forage chopping process so that it is easy to ferment and has a longer shelf life. However, most breeders still do the enumeration manually, so it takes a long time and the size of the enumeration is not uniform. Therefore, this study aims to design an elephant grass chopper with dual input and output funnels, equipped with a knife and a beater to speed up cutting and crush harder materials. This machine is expected to be able to produce a uniform size of 2–5 cm according to the SNI 7785.1:2003 standard This research method uses a 4D Research and Development (R&D) model to design and test a elephant grass chopper. The stages include literature review, design, machine construction and assembly, and then functional testing using elephant grass as the test material in three trials. The test data is analyzed to assess the machine's performance and feasibility. The results of the study show that the designed elephant grass chopper can operate well. Based on the function test at 1500 rpm with a test material load of 5 kg, the machine produces a chopping size of 2–5 cm with a working capacity of 92 kg/hour, so it is considered suitable for use to support the process of making silage for cattle feed and increase efficiency compared to manual methods.
Redesign Mesin Belt Sander Meja Portable dengan Metode Quality Function Deployment (QFD): Belt Sander Redesign, Portable, Quality Function Deployment (QFD), House of Quality (HoQ) Andrew Sabbathinus Putra Subagio, Andrew; Riandadari, Dyah; Mahendra Sakti, Arya; Nugroho, Aji
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol 11 No 01 (2026): JRM April 2026 (In Press)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/jrm.v11i01.75243

Abstract

Rapid technological developments demand increased efficiency and productivity in various industrial sectors, including the woodcraft industry. The sanding process, which is generally still done manually, results in long processing times and inconsistent results. Belt sanders are a solution to increase efficiency, but most designs in circulation are still large and stationary, making them less suitable for use by small businesses or home workshops. This study aims to redesign a portable benchtop belt sander using the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method to ensure the resulting design meets consumer needs and desires. Through the QFD method, the voice of the customer is translated into technical product characteristics using the House of Quality (HoQ) matrix. The research method used is quantitative with a product design approach based on the Ulrich and Eppinger model, which includes four stages: planning, development, design, and detailed design. Data analysis is carried out through instrument validity and reliability tests, and processing of QFD results to determine key technical specifications. The results of this study are expected to produce a portable benchtop belt sander design that has better ergonomics, high flexibility, and is able to increase sanding process efficiency for small to medium-scale users.
Pembuatan Wadah Saus dari Material PLA dan Pati Kulit Singkong dengan Proses Injection Molding: Development of a Sauce Container Made from PLA and Cassava Peel Starch Using the Injection Molding Method Salsabila, Tsabitah Nurma
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol 11 No 01 (2026): JRM April 2026 (In Press)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/jrm.v11i01.75575

Abstract

This study aims to develop an innovative eco-friendly packaging solution in the form of biodegradable sauce containers made from a composite of Polylactic Acid (PLA) and cassava peel starch using the injection molding process. The research is driven by the high volume of single-use plastic waste in Indonesia and the need to utilize agricultural waste as an alternative bioplastic material. The methodology employed is a quantitative experiment with processing temperature variations of 150°C, 160°C, and 170°C, while maintaining a fixed material ratio of 70% PLA and 30% cassava peel starch. The testing was conducted in two phases: using a manual injection molding system and an optimized system with pneumatic pressure. The results indicate that the pressing mechanism and temperature stability significantly influence the geometric and visual quality of the product. In the manual testing phase, 170°C provided the best geometry, although it remained unstable, while lower temperatures resulted in incomplete cavity filling (underfill) due to high viscosity. Conversely, in the pneumatic system, 150°C was found to be the optimal point, producing transparent sauce containers with the most precise dimensions and minimal defects. Increasing the temperature to 160°C and 170°C in the pneumatic system triggered an extreme drop in viscosity, leading to flash defects and thermal degradation, characterized by the products turning a dark brown color. This study concludes that the combination of pneumatic pressure and a temperature of 150°C is effective for producing biocomposite sauce containers of optimal quality.
Analisis Pengaruh Kecepatan Putaran Rol Terhadap Efisiensi Pengupasan Pada Mesin Pengupas Sabut Kelapa Tri agung; Riandadari, Dyah; Sakti, Arya Mahendra; Nugroho, Aji
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol 11 No 01 (2026): JRM April 2026 (In Press)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/jrm.v11i01.75883

Abstract

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the effect of roller rotational speed variations on the efficiency, capacity, and quality of coconut husk peeling in a coconut husk peeling machine using small- and large-sized coconuts as test objects. The roller rotational speed variations applied were 120 rpm, 150 rpm, 180 rpm, 210 rpm, and 240 rpm, where the rotational speed served as the main parameter influencing peeling time, process success rate, and the potential for coconut damage. The research employed an experimental method through direct performance testing of the machine, with observation parameters including peeling time, machine capacity (fruits/hour), and peeling efficiency (%). The test results showed that at rotational speeds of 120 rpm and 150 rpm, the peeling efficiency of small coconuts reached 100%, while the peeling efficiency of large coconuts remained relatively low at 70% and 60%, respectively. At a rotational speed of 180 rpm, the peeling efficiency of large coconuts increased to 100%, with a machine capacity of 563 fruits/hour. Increasing the roller rotational speed to 210 rpm and 240 rpm further enhanced the machine capacity to 784 fruits/hour and 849 fruits/hour, respectively, while reducing the average peeling time to 4.2 seconds. However, at these higher speeds, the peeling efficiency of small coconuts decreased due to the increased mechanical forces acting on the material. Based on the results, a roller rotational speed of 180 rpm was identified as the most optimal condition, as it provided high peeling efficiency, adequate machine capacity, and good peeling quality without causing significant damage to the coconuts.

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