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Green Social: International Journal of Law and Civil Affairs
Published by International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers
ISSN : 30630576     EISSN : 30637244     DOI : 10.70062
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
(Green Social: International Journal of Law and Civil Affairs) [e-ISSN : 3063-7244, p-ISSN : 3063-0576] is an open access Journal published by the IFREL (International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers). GreenSocial accepts manuscripts based on empirical research results, new scientific literature review, and comments/ criticism of scientific papers published by GreenSocial. This journal is a means of publication and a place to share research and development work in the field of Law and Civil Affairs. Articles published in GreenSocial are processed fully online. Submitted articles will go through peer review by a qualified international Reviewers. Complete information for article submission and other instructions are available in each issue. GreenSocial publishes 4 (four) issues a year in March, June, September, December, however articles that have been declared accepted will be queued in the In-Press issue before published in the determined time.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 68 Documents
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Investigators Authority and Accountability in Pursuing Wanted Persons in Narcotics Cases: A Normative Juridical Analysis of the West Java Regional Widri Sukandi; Agus Rasyid C W
Green Social: International Journal of Law and Civil Affairs Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): June: International Journal of Law and Civil Affairs
Publisher : International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70062/greensocial.v3i2.301

Abstract

This article examines the authority and accountability of investigators in pursuing individuals listed as wanted persons (Wanted Persons List) in narcotics cases handled by the West Java Regional Police. The study employs a normative juridical method supported by statutory, conceptual, and analytical approaches to evaluate the relationship between coercive investigative powers, procedural legality, and the protection of due process rights. The findings indicate that investigators’ authority originates from statutory attribution under narcotics legislation and criminal procedural law and is exercised through delegation and mandates within the police organizational structure. Nevertheless, the pursuit and arrest of wanted persons must remain subject to legal certainty, administrative accuracy, proportionality, and respect for human rights. Investigators are required to issue valid summonses, maintain complete investigative records, verify the status of individuals listed in the Wanted Persons List, document arrest procedures, apply force only when necessary and proportionate, and obtain judicial authorization for searches, seizures, or asset-related measures. The study concludes that layered internal, judicial, and public accountability mechanisms are necessary to prevent misuse of authority, strengthen professional responsibility, protect suspects’ rights, and ensure that narcotics law enforcement remains effective, transparent, and consistent with the principles of the rule of law.
Enforcing Military Discipline by Gaktib Koopsud II of the Indonesian Air Force: Legality and Accountability in Military Administrative Law Herdi Mochammad Ramdhan; Ujuh Juhana
Green Social: International Journal of Law and Civil Affairs Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): June: International Journal of Law and Civil Affairs
Publisher : International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70062/greensocial.v3i2.302

Abstract

This article examines the enforcement of military discipline by the Order and Discipline Enforcement function (Gaktib) of Air Operations Command II of the Indonesian Air Force. It focuses on whether Gaktib authority is consistent with the principles of legality and accountability in Indonesian military administrative law. The study is important because the exercise of military authority must remain consistent with the rule of law while ensuring effective organizational discipline and operational readiness. Using normative juridical research, the article analyzes statutes, military regulations, legal doctrines, and conceptual principles concerning authority, discipline, due process, and command responsibility. The analysis shows that Gaktib is normatively authorized to conduct supervision, inspection, order enforcement, documentation, and reporting of alleged disciplinary violations, while the authority to impose disciplinary sanctions remains vested in the Commanding Officer Authorized to Punish. Although the existing framework generally satisfies legality and accountability requirements, clearer regulatory boundaries, stronger documentation, internal supervision, and professional training are necessary to prevent misinterpretation, improve institutional consistency, and strengthen rule-of-law-based military governance.
State and Digital Business Operators Responsibility for Personal Data Protection in Indonesia: A Juridical Analysis of Law Number 23 of 2022 Tito Rifaldy Antonio; Asti Sri Mulyanti
Green Social: International Journal of Law and Civil Affairs Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): June: International Journal of Law and Civil Affairs
Publisher : International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70062/greensocial.v3i2.303

Abstract

The expansion of Indonesia's digital economy has intensified the collection, processing, and monetization of personal data by public bodies and digital business operators. This article examines the legal responsibility of the state and digital business actors in protecting personal data under Law Number 27 of 2022 on Personal Data Protection. Using a normative juridical method with a statutory and conceptual approach, the study analyzes legislation, legal doctrine, prior research, and selected data-breach cases involving public and private digital ecosystems. The findings show that the state bears constitutional responsibility to regulate, supervise, enforce, and provide remedies for violations of personal data rights. Digital business operators, as data controllers or processors, must obtain lawful consent, secure data, notify breaches, and comply with administrative, civil, and criminal consequences. However, implementation remains constrained by incomplete implementing regulations, weak preventive supervision, and the absence of an independent personal data protection authority.
Bhabinkamtibmas Problem-Solving Authority in Student Dispute Resolution in Bandung Wetan: A Juridical Analysis Based on Restorative Justice Mardiono Mardiono; Agus Rasyid C W
Green Social: International Journal of Law and Civil Affairs Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): June: International Journal of Law and Civil Affairs
Publisher : International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70062/greensocial.v3i2.304

Abstract

This article examines the legal authority of Bhabinkamtibmas in resolving student disputes in Bandung Wetan through a problem-solving approach. The study employs normative juridical legal research supported by statutory, conceptual, case, and analytical approaches. The findings indicate that Bhabinkamtibmas possesses a legitimate legal basis to facilitate the settlement of community disputes under the Indonesian Constitution, Law Number 2 of 2002 concerning the Indonesian National Police, the 2015 Regulation on Community Policing, and the 2021 Police Regulation on Restorative Justice. In the context of student disputes, the problem-solving mechanism reflects the principles of restorative justice because it prioritizes dialogue, voluntary participation, social restoration, personal responsibility, deliberation, and social reintegration. This approach also seeks to prevent escalation, maintain public order, and rebuild relationships among the parties involved. However, its implementation still encounters several legal weaknesses, particularly the absence of specific regulations governing student disputes and the lack of uniform operational standards for field officers. Therefore, this article proposes a collaborative dispute-resolution model involving Bhabinkamtibmas, universities, students, and local communities. It may also improve public trust in community-based policing practices. Such collaboration is expected to strengthen legal certainty, fairness, accountability, institutional coordination, and the sustainability of dispute settlement in academic and community environments.
The Urgency of Strengthening the Right to Legal Aid for the Poor as a Manifestation of the Rule of Law in Indonesia's Criminal Justice System Kasmudi Kasmudi; Prahasti Suyaman
Green Social: International Journal of Law and Civil Affairs Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): June: International Journal of Law and Civil Affairs
Publisher : International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70062/greensocial.v3i2.305

Abstract

This article examines the urgency of strengthening the right to legal aid for the poor as a manifestation of the rule of law within Indonesia’s criminal justice system. Using a normative juridical approach, it analyzes Law Number 16 of 2011 on Legal Aid, its implementing regulations, constitutional provisions, criminal law reform, and international fair trial standards. The study finds that Indonesia has established a significant legal framework to provide free legal services, promote access to justice, and uphold equality before the law. Nevertheless, several challenges remain, including limited eligibility criteria, administrative barriers in proving poverty, inadequate access to legal assistance during the early stages of investigation, weak institutional referral mechanisms, insufficient funding, unequal distribution of accredited legal aid providers, and limited quality assurance. To address these issues, legal aid should be strengthened through emergency assistance mechanisms, mandatory referrals by law enforcement officers, increased and sustainable funding, more equitable distribution of legal aid organizations, and stronger supervision of service quality. These reforms are essential to ensure that formal legal equality is translated into substantive justice for poor suspects and defendants.
Legislative Expert Staff as Boundary Spanners: A Theory-to-Practice Translation for a Heterogeneous Parliamentary Policy Advisory System in Indonesia Idrus Idrus; Dian Ferriswara; Sapto Pramono
Green Social: International Journal of Law and Civil Affairs Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): September: International Journal of Law and Civil Affairs
Publisher : International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70062/greensocial.v3i3.344

Abstract

This conceptual review uses a Theory-Focused Narrative Literature Review with a Theory-to-Practice orientation to synthesize boundary-spanning perspectives and translate them into a practice framework for Expert Staff (Tenaga Ahli) of Commission II of the Indonesian House of Representatives (DPR RI), whose work spans twelve policy-heterogeneous partner institutions. Drawing on 17 peer-reviewed journal articles assessed in full text through six documented Scopus search streams, the review traces the development of boundary-spanning scholarship from structural-organizational accounts to role and behavioral, competency-relational, team-level, and interorganizational/multilevel-governance perspectives. Evidence from public-sector and policy-advisory settings is then assessed according to its direct relevance or reasoned transferability to legislative expert staff who lack formal sanctioning authority over partner institutions. The synthesis yields four traceable practice domains: individual role diagnosis and competency development, team workload distribution, cross-partner coordination forum design, and trust-based bridging without formal authority. The article contributes a context-sensitive translation of boundary-spanning scholarship into practice options for a heterogeneous parliamentary advisory environment. The framework is not an empirically validated model; it is an evidence-informed and testable starting point whose application requires organizational authorization, contextual adaptation, and subsequent field evaluation.
Translating the Institutional Collective Action Framework to National Cybersecurity Governance: A Conceptual Review for Indonesia Juli Salamira; Dian Ferriswara; Amirul Mustofa
Green Social: International Journal of Law and Civil Affairs Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): September: International Journal of Law and Civil Affairs
Publisher : International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70062/greensocial.v3i3.345

Abstract

Tata kelola keamanan siber nasional membutuhkan koordinasi antar organisasi publik dan aktor infrastruktur kritis yang memiliki mandat, sumber daya, dan informasi yang berbeda, sekaligus menghadapi risiko lintas batas. Tinjauan konseptual ini mengkaji bagaimana kerangka Aksi Kolektif Institusional (ICA) dapat menjelaskan koordinasi antar organisasi dan pengawasan kebijakan parlemen di Indonesia. Studi ini menggunakan Tinjauan Literatur Naratif Berfokus Teori dengan sintesis teori kualitatif-interpretatif dan orientasi Teori-ke-Praktik. Scopus digunakan sebagai satu-satunya basis data untuk penemuan artikel jurnal. Enam kali pencarian yang didokumentasikan menghasilkan 745 catatan; setelah penghapusan duplikasi, penyaringan, prioritas, dan verifikasi teks lengkap, korpus analitis terdiri dari 35 artikel jurnal yang memenuhi syarat dan telah ditinjau oleh rekan sejawat yang dibaca secara lengkap. Sintesis tersebut merekonstruksi ICA sebagai kerangka kerja kontingensi yang menghubungkan otoritas yang terfragmentasi, eksternalitas, biaya transaksi, risiko kolaborasi, karakteristik masalah dan aktor, konteks kelembagaan, keterkaitan jaringan, mekanisme koordinasi, dan hasil kolektif. Aplikasi ICA langsung dibedakan dari bukti konteks keamanan siber, sementara kritik, kontradiksi, dan bukti kegagalan koordinasi dipertahankan. Kerangka kerja yang dihasilkan mencakup lima domain: mandat dan arsitektur saling ketergantungan; pertukaran informasi yang terlindungi; komitmen, kekuasaan, dan akuntabilitas yang kredibel; koordinasi yang sesuai dengan modus operandi dan kesiapan krisis; serta ketahanan jaringan, kapasitas, dan pembelajaran pengawasan. Tinjauan ini memberikan kontribusi konseptual dan translasional dengan menghubungkan mekanisme ICA yang terverifikasi dengan pertanyaan diagnostik yang dapat ditelusuri sumbernya dan opsi pengawasan terbatas untuk tata kelola keamanan siber nasional Indonesia. Karena tidak ada penelitian lapangan kelembagaan primer yang dilakukan, hubungan dan efektivitas praktis kerangka kerja tersebut memerlukan validasi empiris di Indonesia.
Legislative Oversight and Public Accountability in Indonesia’s Strategic Sector Governance: An Administrative Governance Perspective Jamhari Jamhari; Priyanto Priyanto; Dian Ferriswara
Green Social: International Journal of Law and Civil Affairs Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): September: International Journal of Law and Civil Affairs
Publisher : International Forum of Researchers and Lecturers

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70062/greensocial.v3i3.346

Abstract

This study develops an administrative-governance perspective on the role of legislative oversight in strengthening public accountability within the strategic sectors supervised by Commission VII of the Indonesian House of Representatives (DPR RI) for the 2024–2029 period. Strategic sectors include industry, micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs), tourism, creative economy, standardization, and public broadcasting/public information institutions, which involve high public value, regulatory complexity, budgetary implications, and inter-organizational relationships. The study employs an integrative conceptual review approach based on the problem-identification, literature-search, data-evaluation, analysis, and presentation framework of Whittemore and Knafl (2005), supported by qualitative analysis of official documents and relevant academic literature. The findings identify four accountability challenges in legislative oversight: information asymmetry, fragmented responsibility, weak follow-up of recommendations, and politicization of scrutiny. Based on these findings, the study develops the Legislative Oversight–Administrative Accountability (LOAA) framework, which integrates information acquisition, performance evaluation, public-value assessment, corrective direction, and follow-up accountability. This framework provides a normative-diagnostic approach to strengthen parliamentary oversight and offers propositions for future empirical testing of accountability mechanisms in strategic sector governance.

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