Journal of Physical Education Health and Sport
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<![CDATA[Comparison of The Effectiveness of Active Recovery and Cold-Water Immersion on Fatigue Recovery in Recreational Runners ]]>
<![CDATA[Marcella Febry Utami]]>;
<![CDATA[Agus Rusdiana]]>;
<![CDATA[Tian Kurniawan]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Physical Education Health and Sport Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/jpehs.v12i2.37707
<![CDATA[This study examines the effectiveness of Active Recovery (AR) and Cold-Water Immersion (CWI) in reducing blood lactate as an indicator of fatigue recovery in recreational runners after completing a 5-kilometer run. Using a pretest–posttest crossover design, seven recreational runners participated in two recovery conditions AR and CWI with a one-day washout period between treatments. Lactate levels were measured before and after each recovery session. The analysis showed that AR lowered lactate levels from 8.286 mmol/L to 6.257 mmol/L (p = 0.106), while CWI reduced levels from 5.243 mmol/L to 3.300 mmol/L (p = 0.057). While neither method showed statistically significant differences, CWI revealed a more noticeable trend in accelerating lactate reduction toward OBLA values compared to AR. These findings indicate that CWI could provide faster metabolic recovery for recreational runners needing shorter recovery periods, whereas AR remains appropriate for gentler recovery focused on sustaining movement ease. Due to the limited sample size, additional studies with a larger population are advised to provide stronger support for these recovery strategies.]]>
<![CDATA[The Effectiveness of Plyometric and Tabata on Leg Muscle Power and Anaerobic Endurance of Junior Volleyball Players of Panji Laras Club Nganjuk Regency ]]>
<![CDATA[Syechalam Prabu Tunggul Jati]]>;
<![CDATA[Nasuka]]>;
<![CDATA[Sri Sumartiningsih]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Physical Education Health and Sport Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/jpehs.v12i2.37738
<![CDATA[This study aimed to examine the effects of plyometric and Tabata training on leg power and anaerobic endurance in junior volleyball athletes from the Panji Laras Club, taking into account differences in leg length. A quasi-experimental design with a pretest–posttest structure was used, involving four groups: Plyometric A (long legs), Plyometric B (short legs), Tabata A (long legs), and Tabata B (short legs), each consisting of four athletes. Leg power was assessed using the vertical jump test, while anaerobic endurance was measured through the fatigue index. Both training programs were applied over the intervention period. The results showed that all groups experienced an increase in leg power, with improvements ranging from +2.25 to +3.50, and a decrease in fatigue index values, indicating better anaerobic endurance. Repeated-measures ANOVA revealed a significant main effect of time for both leg power (p < 0.001) and anaerobic endurance (p < 0.001), while no significant interaction effects were found between training type and leg length. These findings indicate that both plyometric and Tabata training effectively improved performance outcomes, and leg-length differences did not significantly influence adaptation. In conclusion, plyometric and Tabata training can be used as alternative methods to enhance leg power and anaerobic endurance in junior volleyball athletes.]]>
<![CDATA[The Effect of Motivational General Arousal Imagery Training on the Mental Toughness of Handball Athletes ]]>
<![CDATA[Tsurayya Nabillah Zahra]]>;
<![CDATA[Nida’ul Hidayah]]>;
<![CDATA[Mochamad Yamin Saputra]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Physical Education Health and Sport Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/jpehs.v12i2.37760
<![CDATA[An athlete’s performance depends not only on physical ability and technique, but also on mental strength, which is fundamental in coping with the pressures of competition. In team sports such as handball, mental toughness greatly influences individual and team performance. One psychological method that can be used to improve mental readiness is motivational general arousal imagery, which is an imagination exercise that focuses on increasing motivation, controlling emotions, and preparing to face competitive pressure. This study aims to determine the effect of motivational general arousal imagery training on improving the mental toughness of handball athletes. The method used was a quasi-experiment with a one-group pre-test post-test design. The research sample consisted of 14 handball athletes from Bandung. The treatment was given for 12 sessions with a frequency of 3 times per week, each lasting 20-30 minutes. Mental toughness was measured using the Sport Mental Toughness Questionnaire (SMTQ) before and after the treatment. The results showed that Motivational General Arousal Imagery training had a significant effect on increasing the mental toughness of handball athletes. Based on the Wilcoxon test results with a sig. value of 0.001 < 0.05, there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test. The average mental toughness score increased from 27.93 to 46.93 after the treatment, indicating a significant increase in mental toughness. Motivational General Arousal Imagery training proved to be effective in increasing the mental toughness of handball athletes. Coaches and sports practitioners are advised to integrate Motivational General Arousal Imagery training into routine training. This exercise can be done simply, either individually or in groups, to improve athletes’ mental toughness.]]>
<![CDATA[Relationship Between Mental Toughness and Competitive Anxiety in Kabaddi Athletes in Central Java ]]>
<![CDATA[Ericca Putri Andani]]>;
<![CDATA[Said Junaidi]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Physical Education Health and Sport Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/jpehs.v12i2.37784
<![CDATA[The physical performance of Kabaddi players is not simply determined by physical skills, but also by their mental preparedness for dealing with competitive stress. Perhaps competitive anxiety is experienced prior to and/or during competition and interferes with focus and performance. On the other hand, psychological resilience is instrumental in enabling athletes to maintain focus, confidence and pressure regulation. there has been less such data available for this parameter on Kabaddi athletes. The present study intends to examine the relationship between mental toughness with competitive anxiety of Kabaddi athletes in Central Java Province. This study used a quantitative correlational design. The research sample consisted of 24 Kabaddi athletes in Central Java Province, selected using a total sampling technique. Two measurement instruments, the Sports Mental Toughness Questionnaire (SMTQ) and the Sports Competitive Anxiety Test(S CAT), were used to gather data. statistical analysis methods:tests for normality and linearity, t:ests I;or correlation based on the Pearson Product-Moment~ 1. The test of correlation results indicated that mental toughness was negatively and significantly related to competitive anxiety (r = –0.517; p = 0.010). This means that the higher the level of mental toughness, the lower the level of competitive anxiety experienced by athletes. The normality test also showed that both variables were normally distributed, and the linearity test results showed a linear relationship between the two. Mental toughness plays an important role in reducing competitive anxiety among Kabaddi athletes. Higher mental toughness helps athletes stay focused, calm, and confident in the face of competitive pressure. The results of this study can be used as a basis for coaches in designing psychological training programs to improve athlete performance.]]>
<![CDATA[Overview of The Use of The National Student Fitness Test in Schools ]]>
<![CDATA[Yudhidwi Nusantara]]>;
<![CDATA[Kurnia Eka Wijayanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Sucipto]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Physical Education Health and Sport Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/jpehs.v12i2.37854
<![CDATA[The National Student Fitness Test is an evaluation instrument developed by the Ministry of Youth and Sports (Kemenpora) to assess the physical fitness levels of Indonesian students. However, its implementation in schools still faces several challenges, particularly the lack of optimal integration with physical education learning. This study aims to describe the implementation of The National Student Fitness Test in schools. This research uses a quantitative descriptive methods. The sample used in this research was physical education teachers in Lembang sub-district. Data analysis used descriptive statistics to present percentage distributions. The results indicate that most teachers (70.6%) have implemented national student fitness test, and its overall application is categorized as good, especially in terms of preparation (85.48%) and assessment accuracy (82.24%). Nevertheless, the main challenges were found in administrative procedures (65.48%) and in the utilization of assessment results (68.60%). In addition, teachers expressed very high expectations regarding the development of a digital-based national student fitness test system (90.80%). The study concludes that the implementation of national student fitness test in schools has been adequate in terms of preparation and assessment accuracy, but it still faces obstacles related to administration and the use of assessment outcomes. The strong expectation for national student fitness test digitalization highlights the need for a more efficient and accurate system to support the management of fitness data. Strengthening teacher competence and developing an integrated digital platform are therefore essential steps to optimize the role of national student fitness test in evaluating and planning physical education learning in schools.]]>
<![CDATA[Is There a Difference in The Life Skills of Students Who Participate in Sport and Non- Sports Extracurricular Activities ? ]]>
<![CDATA[Ilmi Legismawati Pauzi]]>;
<![CDATA[Mudjihartono]]>;
<![CDATA[Agus Gumilar]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Physical Education Health and Sport Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/jpehs.v12i2.37867
<![CDATA[Life skills are important abilities that help adolescents face various challenges in daily life, including social, emotional, and academic issues. This study aims to determine the differences in life skills levels between students participating in sports and non-sports extracurricular activities at Junior High School 26 Bandung. The study used a quantitative descriptive approach involving 7th and 8th grade students as a sample. Data collection was carried out using the Life Skills Scale for Sport (LSSS) instrument, which assesses eight aspects of life skills, such as teamwork, goal setting, time management, communication, leadership, and decision-making. The results of the analysis using an independent sample t-test showed that students participating in sports extracurricular activities had higher scores on aspects of teamwork, time management, interpersonal communication, social skills, and overall life skills. Several other aspects did not show significant differences, but in general, sports activities made a greater positive contribution to the development of student’s life skills. These findings confirm that involvement in sports activities not only improves fitness but also supports the formation of character and important skills needed by adolescent in everyday life.]]>
<![CDATA[Analysis of Participation in Traditional Egrang Games on Balance in Elementary School Students ]]>
<![CDATA[Nadhea Ayu Rahmawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Dhias Fajar Widya Permana]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Physical Education Health and Sport Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/jpehs.v12i2.37882
<![CDATA[There are various kinds of traditional game toys, such as bamboo stilts, which have strong educational and motor skills value, particularly for static and dynamic balance training, coordination, and core muscles. Early engagement with digital objects will attenuate participation in traditional forms of gaming. This study aims to examine the relationship between traditional stilts games and balance ability for elementary school children. The research used a quantitative, cross-sectional design and purposively selected 49 grade V students from Musuk Public Elementary School , Musuk District, Boyolali Regency as the study’s sample. Participation in the egrang games was categorized as low, medium, or high. Balance of the body was, however, measured by the Static Stork and Dynamic Beam Scale. The data were compared using descriptive statistics, normality and homogeneity tests, and Pearson’s correlation at the p < 0.05 significance level. Results The frequency of playing e-grang games was significantly associated with static balance (r = 0.605; p = 0.000), but not with dynamic balance (r = − 0.276; p = 0.055). It can be said that the traditional game (egrang) is more effective at improving body steadiness when the body is static than when it is dynamic. The development of the egrang game can be used as one form of active learning on static balance among elementary school students.]]>
<![CDATA[Effect of Lower Extrmity Muscle Fatigue on the Kinematic Parameters of Change of Direction Movement in Amateur Football Athletes ]]>
<![CDATA[Miftah Rahman]]>;
<![CDATA[Nurlan Kusmaedi]]>;
<![CDATA[Iwa Ihkwan Hidayat]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Physical Education Health and Sport Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/jpehs.v12i2.37883
<![CDATA[Muscle fatigue is known to affect movement patterns and increase the risk of knee injury, especially during change of direction (COD) tasks. This study aims to analyze changes in lower-extremity kinematics and physiological responses due to fatigue. The study used a quasi-experimental pre–post design was used to evaluate the effects of induced fatigue on joint mechanics and metabolic responses. A total of ten participants underwent the Functional Agility Short-Term Fatigue Protocol and carried out COD tests before and after fatigue. Lactate levels were measured as an indicator of fatigue, while joint kinematics were assessed using SkillSpector and Kinovea. Results showed a significant increase in lactate levels from 3.02 ± 0.79 mmol/L to 13.78 ± 3.89 mmol/L (p = 0.000), confirming the presence of physiological fatigue. Fatigue induced notable kinematic alterations, including reduced hip abduction and hip adduction, as well as a substantial increase in knee valgus from 14.90 ± 7.549° to 32.60 ± 6.022° (p < 0.001), indicating greater medial knee deviation. In the sagittal plane, increases in hip flexion, knee flexion, and ankle dorsiflexion reflected compensatory postural strategies. Overall, muscle fatigue disrupts movement stability and increases mechanical knee loading, thereby elevating the risk of ACL injury during directional changes.]]>
<![CDATA[The Effect of Augmented Reality (AR) on Students' Motor Educability in Football Learning ]]>
<![CDATA[Aulia Azzahra]]>;
<![CDATA[Asep Sumpena]]>;
<![CDATA[Sufyar Mudjianto]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Physical Education Health and Sport Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/jpehs.v12i2.37889
<![CDATA[Physical education in schools requires strategies that can improve not only motor skills (motor ability) but also motor educability, namely the ability of students to understand, imitate, and adapt to new movements efficiently. However, conventional learning in soccer games is often hampered by limited visualization of techniques and low student motivation. Augmented Reality (AR) technology offers a solution through interactive visualization and real-time feedback that can enrich the sensorimotor processing process. This study aims to analyze the effect of AR-based learning using Active Arcade on improving students’ motor educability compared to conventional learning. The study used a quasi-experimental design with a pretest–posttest control group model on 134 students of Junior High School 14 Bandung (n = 67 experimental; n = 67 control). Motor educability was measured using the Iowa Brace Test (21 items ; validity 0.92; reliability 0.96). The intervention lasted for five learning sessions. Data analysis used normality, homogeneity, paired sample t-test , and ANOVA to test the treatment effect by controlling for pretest scores ( α = 0.05). The results showed that both groups experienced significant improvement between pretest and posttest (p < 0.001). However, the AR group showed a higher and more stable average improvement than the control group. ANOVA test indicated a significant difference in posttest scores after controlling for the pretest (F(1,132) = 4.996, p = 0.027), indicating that AR-based learning resulted in better motor educability than conventional learning. These findings confirm that AR is effective in enhancing visual processing, motor attention, and student engagement, thus optimally enhancing movement learning abilities. Therefore, AR is recommended as an innovative approach in physical education, particularly for materials requiring precise and interactive understanding of movement techniques.]]>
<![CDATA[The Effect of Extensive Interval Training Methods and Fartlek Training Methods on Increasing Cardiovascular Endurance in Football Athletes ]]>
<![CDATA[Hesya Fauzi Alfarisi]]>;
<![CDATA[Alen Rismayadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Mona Fiametta Febrianty]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Physical Education Health and Sport Vol. 12 No. 2 (2025) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/jpehs.v12i2.37897
<![CDATA[This study aims to determine the effect of extensive interval training and fartlek training methods on improving the cardiovascular endurance of soccer athletes. Cardiovascular endurance, as measured by VO2max, is a fundamental physical component in soccer because it determines an athlete’s ability to maintain optimal performance throughout a 2 x 45-minute match. Good endurance allows players to perform repeated high-intensity activities, such as sprinting, pressing, and rapid changes of direction, while maintaining concentration until the end of the match. This study used an experimental method with a two-group pretest-posttest design. The study sample consisted of 22 U-16 soccer athletes who were divided ordinally into two groups: an extensive interval training group and a fartlek training group, each consisting of 11 athletes. The test instrument used to measure cardiovascular endurance was the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (YYIR1). Data analysis was carried out through normality tests, homogeneity tests, paired sample t-tests, and independent sample t-tests to determine differences in effects between groups.]]>
