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INDONESIA
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Published by Universitas Sumatera Utara
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering
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Articles 349 Documents
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Kinerja Aktivasi dan Impregnasi Zeolit Alam sebagai Adsorben Sofith, Charissa Dini; Rahmadaniati Effendi, Sri; Fatimah
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 9 No. 2 (2020): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v9i2.3764

Abstract

Performance of natural zeolites can be improved through the process of activation and impregnation. Activation process using HCl and impregnation with Mg2+ have carried out in this study. The activation process was performed out for 30 minutes with a 0.5M HCl solution and impregnation of MgCl2.6H2O 2.5M for 2 hours. Natural zeolites which have been activated and impregnated are then analyzed by the Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive Spectrophotometer (SEM-EDS). The results of zeolite surface profile characteristics activated and impregnated using SEM-EDS showed that there were changes in morphology and functional groups. Then, activated and impregnated zeolites were used to absorb ammonia at various contact times of 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes, 20 minutes, 25 minutes, 30 minutes, 35 minutes, 40 minutes and 45 minutes. The equilibrium point was obtained at 25 minutes contact time with adsorption capacity of 30.444 mg/g and absorption efficiency of 85.2352%. The dosage of adsorbent varied with 0.01% size; 0.03%; 0.05%; 0.07%; 0.09%; 0.11%, 0.13% m/v. The concentration of ammonia absorbed was performed out using an Uv-Vis Spectrophotometer. The best efficiency of ammonia absorption is 90.106% with particle size 110-120 mesh, adsorbent dose 0.09% and adsorbent impregnation treatment.
Bakteri Indigen Pendegradasi Hidrokarbon Minyak Bumi di Kabupaten Siak Provinsi Riau Riryn Novianty; Saryono; Awaluddin, Amir; Wahyu Pratiwi , Nova
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 9 No. 1 (2020): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v9i1.3834

Abstract

The process of producing, refining and transporting petroleum can cause pollutants that are harmful to the environment and the living things that surround them. Indigenous microorganisms can be a solution to degrade hydrocarbons that are difficult to degrade. This study aims to isolate the indigenous bacteria from pollutant-contaminated soil and test its effectiveness in degrading hydrocarbons. The research began with soil sampling at the Joint Operating Agency of PT Siak Bumi Pusako-Pertamina Hulu Siak Regency, Riau Province with a purposive sampling method. The next step is the isolation of indigenous bacteria, testing the parameters of pH, Optical density (OD) and CO2 levels during the 16 incubation periods and determining the highest percentage of biodegradation. The results showed that Pseudomonas sp. with a code BTM2 (Bakteri Tanah Minyak 2) had the largest percentage (52.20%) after 16 days of incubation under optimum conditions to degrade the total hydrocarbon of petroleum. Pseudomonas sp. BTM2 is the most effective isolate to degrade hydrocarbons.
Potensi Formulasi Sediaan Sabun Padat Minyak Kelapa dengan Pengisi Kaolin sebagai Media Pembersih Najis Mughallazah Panjaitan, Vera Diana; Sukeksi, Lilis; Iriany; Siswarni
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 9 No. 2 (2020): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v9i2.3851

Abstract

Qur'an explains najis mughallazah be purified using water as much as 7 times and one of which uses the ground. The addition of clay to the soap helps remove impure DNA attached to the surface of the skin. This study was conducted to determine the effect of an increase in the amount of kaolin and reaction temperature on water content and hardness of soap; determine whether the soap formulas meet the quality requirements of SNI and determine whether the soap formula capable of eliminating the derivatives pig DNA using PCR analysis method. The reaction was designed in 4 reaction temperatures (50ºC - 80ºC), the consistency of kaolin (10% - 20%), 35% NaOH concentration, reaction time 10 minutes and the stirring speed of 250 rpm. The results showed that all variations meet SNI standards. The best results were obtained in 15%; 50ºC and 17.5%; 60ºC. First, rinse the soap can eliminate DNA smeared unclean human hands. DNA washing using water and soap shows the remaining conventional PCR DNA electrophoresis. Kaolin solid soap formulation produced may eliminate DNA and meet the standard SNI 06-3532-2016.
Produksi Biodiesel tanpa Gliserol dari Minyak Kelapa Sawit dengan Variasi Massa Co-solvent dan Waktu Reaksi Elvianto Dwi Daryono; Puji Prasetyo, Angga; Bahri, Syaiful; Maya Sista, Eliya
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 9 No. 2 (2020): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v9i2.4006

Abstract

Petroleum fuels are increasingly reduced in line with the increasing industry and population. A potential alternative renewable energy source to replace fuel is biodiesel. The process of making biodiesel that is commonly done is the process of transesterification with glycerol byproducts which is difficult to separate. The method used in this study is the method of interesterification, namely by replacing the methyl alcohol group with a methyl group from methyl acetate with triacetin byproducts. The operating conditions of the process are 250 grams of palm oil mass, 1% wt KOH catalyst mass. oil, reaction temperature 60 ⁰C, stirring speed 800 rpm, mass of co-solvent methyl ester (0, 5, 10, 15, 20% wt. oil) and reaction time (30 minutes, 60 minutes, 90 minutes). The results of the research have been obtained the highest yield with the addition of co-solvent methyl ester of 20% by weight of oil in the reaction time of 30 minutes is 92.43 %.The biodiesel product produced meets SNI 7182:2015 which is an acidic value <0.5 mg-KOH/g.
Pengaruh Ukuran Partikel Zeolit Alam yang Diaktivasi dan Diimpregnasi HCl dan Mg2+ pada Penjerapan Ion Fosfat Fatimah; Effendi, Sri Rahmadaniati; Sofith, Charissa Dini
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 10 No. 1 (2021): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v10i1.4010

Abstract

Research on phosphate adsorption using natural zeolites which were activated and impregnated with HCl and Mg2 +had been carried out. This study examined the effect of natural zeolite particle size on phosphate ion adsorption. Stages of the study began from sifting zeolites in accordance with the specified size (50/70 mesh, 70/110 mesh and 110/120 mesh), washing, activation and impregnation. Natural zeolite with 110/120 mesh particle size is used to determine the contact time in absorbing phosphate ions. Natural zeolite can absorb phosphate as much as 8.53 mg / l or 85.3% with a contact time of 35 minutes. The variation of the adsorption on the natural zeolite particle size is carried out to get the effect of the natural zeolite particle size on the adsorption of phosphate ions. Phosphate ions which are absorbed by zeolites are analyzed using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The highest absorption efficiency (99.26%) was obtained for natural zeolite particle size 110/120 mesh. The natural zeolite adsorption isotherm model of the phosphate ion is tested with the Freundlich and Langmuir equations. Based on the data obtained, the isotherm model suitable for this study is Freundlich with a value of R2 = 0.985.
Perbandingan Metode Microwave Hydrodiffusion and Gravity (MHG) dan Microwave Steam Diffusion (MSDf) untuk Mengekstrak Minyak Atsiri dari Kulit Jeruk (Citrus aurantium L.) Kartika Fitri, Ayu Chandra; Kartika Widyastuti, Fikka
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 9 No. 2 (2020): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v9i2.4302

Abstract

Orange production in 2020 projected to reach more than 3.2 million tons, with an estimated growth of 4.93% per year. As a result, large amounts of orange peel are available as a by-product and are treated as waste, creating environmental problems. This problem can be turned into potential if essential oils can be extracted from orange peels. The purpose of this study is to compare the methods of Microwave Hydrodiffusion and Gravity (MHG) and Microwave Steam Diffusion (MSDf) in terms of extraction time velocity, yield, electricity consumption, environmental impact (CO2 gas emissions) and their chemical composition. In this study, 300 grams of fresh orange peel (Citrus aurantium L) used with three microwave power variations: 136 watt, 264 watt, and 440 watt and extraction time of 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 45 minutes, and 60 minutes. The MSDf method produces yields faster than the MHG method at an optimal power of 264 W. In the 20th minute, the MSDf method produces an essential oil yield of 1.95%, while the MHG method produces 1.93% yield at the 40th minute. The MSDf method provides the number of oxygenated compounds (1.4%) is higher than the MHG method (1.12%). This study shows that the MSDf method can produce better quality oils as like as the MHG method. Based on the electricity consumed ratio, the MSDf method is 50% more energy-efficient than the MHG method. Emissions of CO2 gas released into the air in the MSDf method (0.07 kg) are also less than MHG (0.14 kg), so the impact on the environment is not too significant.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Kulit Buah dan Sayur Sebagai Bahan Bakar Bioetanol dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Katalis Eva Agustina; Gita Ika Safitri; Irssa Intan Fatiha; Muhammad Iqbal Pratama; Rahmania; Ria Safitri; Funsu Andiarna; Irul Hidayati
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 10 No. 1 (2021): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v10i1.4552

Abstract

Fossil fuels are included as non-renewable energy sources, so its presence in Indonesia is decreasing. One of the renewable energy sources that can be obtained easily is bioethanol, this energy is obtained from organic materials containing cellulose fibers. Cellulose is hydrolyzed on a catalyst and fermented to obtain bioethanol. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of variations in the concentration of catalysts in the production of bioethanol from market organic waste (fruit peels and vegetables). There are three stages of converting organic waste into bioethanol, including converting green vegetables waste and fruit peels (polysaccharides / cellulose) into monosaccharides (simple sugars) through a hydrolysis process followed by a fermentation process using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and EM4, then separating ethanol and water using a distillation process. The resulting products are analyzed using a quantitative test to determine density and a qualitative test to determine color change. The results showed that the ethanol obtained from the addition of H2SO4 catalyst with concentrations of 0.5% and 1% had almost the same specifications as standard ethanol based on density calculations and color change tests. The highest ethanol yield percentage was obtained from the concentration of H2SO4 1%.
Potensi Formulasi Sediaan Sabun Padat Minyak Kelapa dengan Pengisi Bentonit sebagai Media Pembersih Najis Mughallazah Tobing, Maria Grace; Sukeksi, Lilis; Iriany; Siswarni
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 10 No. 1 (2021): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v10i1.4575

Abstract

Najis mughallazah is excrement which comes from pigs which earthen soap can use to purify it.  Method to purify unclean that is necessary to use water seven times and the addition of bentonite to soap is expected to be able to remove unclean Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) that is located on the surface of human skin. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the amount of bentonite filler and the reaction temperature on the quality of soap, knowing whether the soap formula meets the SNI quality requirements and knowing whether the soap formula can remove Pig DNA residues using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) analytical method. In this study, the operation conditions were designed at the reaction temperature (50 oC, 60 oC, 70 oC and 80 oC), bentonite consistency (10%, 12.5%, 15%, 17.5% and 20%), 35% NaOH concentration, reaction time 10 minutes and stirring speed 250 rpm. The analyzes carried out in this study include analysis of water content, free alkaline content, free fatty acid content and PCR method. The best results were obtained for 15% (70 °C) soap that had soap hardness characteristics close to conventional soap and 17.5% (50 °C) soap with the characteristics of soap that could remove najis mughallazah. The resulting solid bentonite soap formula meets the SNI 3523: 2016 standard and can eliminate mughallazah unclean.
Analisis Produksi Biogas Terhadap Penambahan Kulit Singkong pada Variasi Campuran Limbah Cair Domestk dan Aquadest Simare mare, Eva Malini; Sarah, Maya; Husin, Amir
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 11 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v11i2.4997

Abstract

Domestic waste and agricultural food waste in the form of cassava peels have the potential as a source of raw material for making biogas. This research uses domestic waste from Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) Cemara of Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) Tirtanadi, Sumatera Utara Province. The ratio of domestic waste inoculum from WWTP Cemara PDAM Tirtanadi and water in this study was 100:0, 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50 (v/v). Then, for each variation of the ratio, 3 kg of ground cassava peel was added. This study aims to determine the amount of biogas produced by measuring the pressure in a pipe connected to a bioreactor. The process of making biogas uses anaerobic fermentation with a batch system. The parameter tested in this study is the measurement of the Total Suspended Solid (TSS) value, Volatile Solid (VS) value, pH value, and total Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) value. From the results of the research conducted, it was found that the variation in the ratio of 100:0 found biogas at a pressure of 205.8 Pa with TSS value of 1348 mg/L, VS value of 410 mg/L, pH value of 7.66 and COD value of 1088 mg/L.
Ekstraksi Tanin dari Buah Balakka (Phyllanthus emblica L.) dengan Bantuan Microwave: Pengaruh Daya Microwave, Perbandingan Massa Kering Terhadap Jumlah Pelarut Etil Asetat Iriany; Angkasa, Hendri; Namira, Cut Annisa
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 10 No. 1 (2021): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v10i1.5318

Abstract

Tannins are phenolic compounds with considerable abundance in nature. In this study, the extraction of Indian gooseberry fruit was performed using Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) method with ethyl acetate as solvent. Two grams of Indian gooseberry fruit were extracted for 1 minute with variable microwave power operation (100, 180, 300, 450 and 600) W. The experiment is continued at the power that gave the highest yield of tannin with  variable ratio sample to solvent (1/10, 1/20, 1/30, 1/40 and 1/50) g/mL. Total tannins in the extract were analyzed using UV-Vis Spectroscopy method to find the yield of tannin. Functional groups that were contained in the extract were analyzed using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) method. The results of this study indicate that the extract contains tannins in qualitative tests with gelatin and FeCl3 as well as in FTIR analysis. The highest yield of tannin was 36.86 mg/g which was obtained under conditions of power 100 W and ratio sample with ethyl acetate 1/50 g/mL.

Page 28 of 35 | Total Record : 349

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