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Cermin Dunia Kedokteran
Published by PT. Kalbe Farma Tbk.
ISSN : 0125913X     EISSN : 25032720     DOI : 10.55175
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran (CDK) is a Medical Journal published since 1974 and affiliated with PT Kalbe Farma Tbk. CDK is intended to help accommodate scientific publications and help increase and disseminate knowledge related to the development of medical science, pharmacy, and public health. CDK covers the disciplines of medicine, pharmacy, and health with several types of articles, namely: 1. Research 2. Literature review 3. Case report 4. Evidence-based case report (EBCR), systematic review 5. Other scientific articles Based on the SK Kemendikbudristek Nomor 152/E/KPT/2023, CDK has obtained Rank 4 (SINTA 4) for Scientific Journals.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 1,276 Documents
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Kadar Vitamin D [25(OH)D] Serum Pasien Tuberkulosis Tulang Belakang dan Tuberkulosis Paru di Bandung, Indonesia: Studi Epidemiologi Ahmad Ramdan; Yoyos Dias Ismiarto; Fajar Yulianto KR; Rifki Albana
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 6 (2018): Interna
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i6.765

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Tuberkulosis (TB) merupakan penyakit infeksi yang dapat juga menyerang organ ekstra-paru. Kerentanan terhadap infeksi TB meningkat seiring dengan rendahnya kadar vitamin D [25(OH)D]. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kadar 25(OH)D pada populasi pasien TB di sekitar wilayah Bandung. Metode: Penelitian potong lintang yang dilakukan pada Mei 2016 hingga Juni 2017 di Poliklinik MCU, Poliklinik Paru, dan Poliklinik Orthopaedi Tulang Belakang RSUP Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Tiga kelompok sampel, yaitu TB paru, TB tulang belakang, dan kontrol, dan masing-masing 53 orang. Seluruh sampel menjalani pemeriksaan kadar 25(OH)D melalui darah vena. Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan bermakna kadar 25(OH)D serum antara kelompok kontrol dan TB tulang belakang, serta antara kelompok kontrol dan TB paru (p <0,01), sedangkan antara kelompok TB tulang belakang dan TB paru tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p >0,05). Simpulan: Pada penelitian ini pasien tuberkulosis tulang belakang dan tuberkulosis paru mempunyai kadar 25(OH)D serum lebih rendah dibandingkan kontrol.   Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that may spread to extra-pulmonary sites. Susceptibility to TB infection is higher in individuals with vitamin D [25(OH)D] deficiency. This study measured serum vitamin D [25(OH)D] among TB patients in Bandung. Method: A cross-sectional study conducted from May 2016 to June 2017 in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital. Samples were collected from MCU clinics, Lung clinic, and Spine–orthopaedic clinic in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital. There were 3 groups: pulmonary TB, spinal TB, and control group. Each group consisted of 53 samples. The serum vitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration was assessed in each sample from venous blood. Results: The serum vitamin D concentration was significantly different between control and spinal TB groups, and between control and pulmonary TB groups (p <0.01). No significant difference of serum vitamin D concentration between spinal TB and pulmonary TB groups (p >0.05). Spinal TB and pulmonary TB patients had lower serum vitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration compared to controls in Bandung.
Peran Survivin di Bidang Dermatologi Yessy Farina Salim; Isramiharti
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 6 (2018): Interna
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i6.767

Abstract

Kulit merupakan pelindung pertama dari gangguan fisik atau mekanis, gangguan kimiawi, serta infeksi dari luar. Untuk menjalankan perannya, epidermis mengalami regenerasi melalui keseimbangan proliferasi, diferensiasi, dan apoptosis yang disebut homeostasis. Survivin merupakan inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP), yaitu protein 16,5 kDa, yang menghambat apoptosis dan mengatur pembelahan sel, proliferasi, dan kelangsungan hidup sel. Survivin diekspresikan pada beberapa penyakit kulit termasuk akne vulgaris, psoriasis, dan beberapa tumor kulit, baik tumor melanositik maupun dan epitel. Peranan survivin pada penyakit kulit sudah banyak diteliti. Skin is the first protection from physical, mechanical and chemical insults, and external infections. For its function, the epidermis regenerates through the balance of proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis called homeostasis. Survivin is an inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP), a 16.5 kDa protein that inhibits apoptosis and regulates cell division, proliferation, and cell survival. Survivin is expressed in several skin diseases including acne vulgaris, psoriasis and some skin tumors, both melanocytic tumors and epithelium. The role of survivin in skin disease has been widely investigated.
Osteoartritis Lutut Sandy Wijaya
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 6 (2018): Interna
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i6.768

Abstract

Osteoartritis (OA) lutut merupakan gangguan sendi yang umum dijumpai, ditandai nyeri, krepitasi, dan morning stiffness pada sendi lutut. Beberapa faktor risiko individu dan sendi dapat menjadi pemicu OA lutut. Perjalanan penyakit OA lutut dipengaruhi oleh proses peradangan yang melibatkan kartilago, cairan sinovial, dan tulang subkondral. Anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, dan terkadang pemeriksaan penunjang diperlukan untuk menegakkan diagnosis. Tatalaksana meliputi terapi farmakologi dan nonfarmakologi bertujuan untuk mengurangi nyeri dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup. Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disorder, characterized by joint pain, crepitation, and morning stiffness. Several risk factors at individual and joint levels can trigger the disease. The pathophysiology of knee OA is influenced by inflammatory processes involving cartilage, synovial fluid, and subcondhral bone. Anamnesis, physical examination, and sometimes investigation are necessary to establish the diagnosis. Its management includes pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapies to reduce pain and to improve patient’s quality of life.
Dosis dan Rute Pemberian Diuretik Loop pada Gagal Jantung Akut Patricia Feliani Sitohang
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 6 (2018): Interna
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i6.769

Abstract

Gagal jantung akut adalah sindrom klinis yang ditandai dengan kongesti dan retensi cairan. Diuretik loop intravena merupakan terapi lini pertama gagal jantung akut, namun efektivitas dan keamanan terkait dosis dan rute pemberian obat masih tidak pasti. Tulisan ini membahas 2 episode gagal jantung dekompensasi akut pada pasien yang sama. Pada serangan pertama, diberikan furosemid bolus intravena dengan dosis sama dengan total dosis oral harian. Pada serangan kedua, diberikan furosemid bolus intravena 2,5 kali lebih besar dari total dosis oral harian. Didapatkan hasil klinis lebih baik dan lama rawatan lebih pendek pada episode kedua. Dosis diuretik loop harus disesuaikan berdasarkan klinis dan respons pasien serta riwayat terapi diuretik loop sebelumnya.   Acute heart failure is a clinical syndrome characterized by congestion and fluid retention. Intravenous loop diuretics are used as the first-line therapy, but there is still uncertainty on the effectiveness and safety in terms of dosage and drug administration. This report discusses two episodes of acute decompensated heart failure in the same patient. In the first episode, furosemide intravenous bolus was given at the same dose as the total daily oral dose. In the second episode, furosemide intravenous bolus was given 2.5 times larger than total daily oral dose. Better clinical outcomes and shorter length of stay in hospital were obtained in second case. Loop diuretic dose should be adjusted based on clinical and patient response and history of previous loop diuretic therapy.
Dermatitis Numularis Cathelin Stella
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 6 (2018): Interna
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i6.770

Abstract

Dermatitis numularis atau eksim numular atau eksim diskoid merupakan peradangan berupa lesi berbentuk mata uang (koin) atau agak lonjong, berbatas tegas, dengan efloresensi atau lesi awal berupa papul disertai vesikel (papulovesikel), biasanya mudah pecah sehingga basah (oozing), biasanya menyerang ekstremitas. Dilaporkan satu kasus dermatititis numularis di pergelangan tangan kanan anak perempuan berusia 8 tahun. Lesi kulit berbentuk koin (numular) di regio antebrachii anterior dekstra berupa vesikel dan papulovesikel dengan likenifikasi berbatas tegas dengan tepi meninggi disertai eritema dan edema.   Dermatitis numularis or nummular or discoid eczema is a coin-shaped inflammation or slightly oval, circumscribed lesions, with effloresence; the initial lesion is a papule with vesicles (papulovesicular), usually easily break and oozing, and mainly affects the extremities. A case of dermatitis numularis on the right wrist in a 8 year-old girl was reported. Lesion is located in the right anterior antebrachii in the form of coin-shaped (nummular) vesicles and papulovesicular lesions with lichenification with raised edges demarcation accompanied by erythema and edema.
Gambaran Radiologi untuk Deteksi Prenatal Osteogenesis Imperfecta Inez Kartika; Dewa Gde Mahiswara Suadiatmika
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 6 (2018): Interna
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i6.771

Abstract

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) adalah kelainan heterogen genetik tulang dan jaringan ikat yang disebabkan mutasi dominan gen kolagen tipe I, COL1A1, dan COL1A2. Pemeriksaan radiologi masih menjadi alat skrining pertama untuk menentukan evaluasi genetik prenatal dini.   Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic heterogenous disorder of bone and connective tissue caused by dominant mutation in collagen type I genes, COL1A1, and COL1A2. Radiological examination remains to be the first screening tool for early prenatal genetic evaluation.
Fournier’s Gangrene Alfonsus Mario Eri Surya Djaya
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 7 (2018): Onkologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i7.772

Abstract

Fournier’s gangrene merupakan suatu fasiitis nekrotikans perianal, perineal, serta genital yang progresif dan fatal. Diagnosis bisa ditegakkan dengan gambaran klinis. Prinsip utama penanganan adalah resusitasi adekuat, pemberian antibiotik parenteral, serta tindakan debridement. Diversi urin ataupun fekal, terapi hiperbarik, dan operasi rekonstruksi memperbaiki hasil akhir. Walau penanganan tepat, angka mortalitas cukup tinggi. Beberapa metode prediksi mortalitas meliputi Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis Score (LRINEC) dan Fournier Gangrene Severity Index (FGSI). Dilaporkan kasus dan penanganan Fournier’s gangrene di rumah sakit tipe C di Jember, Jawa Timur.   Fournier’s gangrene is a progressive and fatal necrotizing fasciitis of the perianal, perineal, and genital. Diagnosis can be established through clinical examination. Main principle of therapy is adequate resuscitation, parenteral antibiotic, and debridement. Urine and fecal diversion, hyperbaric treatment, and reconstructive surgery can improve the outcome. Some scoring system for diagnostic accuracy and mortality predictions are Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis Score (LRINEC) and Fournier Gangrene Severity Index (FGSI). Mortality rate is still high despite appropriate treatment. Management of Fournier’s gangrene in type C hospital was discussed.
Pencegahan Efek Radiasi pada Pencitraan Radiologi Reginald Maleachi; Ricardo Tjakraatmadja
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 7 (2018): Onkologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i7.773

Abstract

Efek radiasi dalam bidang radiologi tidak dapat dihindari. Ahli radiologi perlu berhati-hati terhadap bahaya dan efek radiasi, mengetahui batasan dosis radiasi yang aman, cara meminimalkan paparan radiasi, dosis terkecil untuk visualisasi pencitraan yang baik. Keselamatan pasien dan petugas medis perlu mendapat perhatian khusus. Proteksi radiasi penting untuk pasien, staf, serta ahli radiologi sendiri dengan cara menaati indikasi pemeriksaan yang tepat, jumlah pemeriksaan seminimal mungkin, dan sedapat mungkin memilih modalitas pencitraan yang tidak memerlukan radiasi.   The effects of radiation in radiology can not be avoided. Radiologists need to be cautious of the radiation effects, know the limit of radiation dose, and minimize radiation exposure, to get the best visualization image with minimal dose. Safety of patients and medical staffs need special attention. Radiation protection is important for patients, staffs, and radiologists through proper indications, minimizing examinations, and to prioritize non-radiation imaging modalities.
Zika Virus and its Threads to Microcephaly Dias Rima Sutiono; Cintya Pradnya Pratita
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 7 (2018): Onkologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i7.774

Abstract

The infection of ZIKV is through transplacental transmission. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) detected the strains of ZIKV inside amniotic fluid only when in other fluids : serum and urine, revealed negative results. Microcephaly with numerous calcifications were discovered in the fetus of all cases. Ventriculomegaly and CNS structures anomalies were also discovered, though some structures such as subcortical nuclei of the brain and ascending dorsal columns of the spinal tract were well preserved.   Infeksi ZIKV melalui transmisi plasenta. Galur ZIKV dalam cairan ketuban dapat dideteksi menggunakan Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) hanya jika cairan lainnya, serum dan urin, negatif. Mikrosefali dengan kalsifikasi di semua kasus; lingkar kepala janin di bawah persentil kedua (34 cm). Ventrikulomegali dan struktur system saraf pusat abnormal, meskipun beberapa struktur seperti inti subkortikal otak dan jaras dorsalis medulla spinalis masih baik.
Deteksi Keterlambatan Bicara dan Bahasa pada Anak William Surya Hartanto
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 45 No 7 (2018): Onkologi
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v45i7.775

Abstract

Keterlambatan bicara dan bahasa terjadi pada 2,3-19% anak berusia 2-7 tahun, sebagian besar terdiagnosis pada usia kurang dari 3 tahun. Evaluasi perkembangan komprehensif penting karena perkembangan bicara dan bahasa yang atipikal dapat merupakan karakteristik sekunder gangguan fisik dan perkembangan yang lain. Deteksi dan intervensi awal dapat memperbaiki aspek emosi, sosial, dan kognisi, sehingga memperbaiki outcome.   Speech and language delays occurred in 2.3-19% of children aged 2-7 years, mostly diagnosed at the age of less than 3 years. Comprehensive evaluation of development is important because atypical development of speech and language can be secondary characteristics of physical disorders and other development disorders. Early detection and intervention can improve emotional, social, and cognition aspects, which will also improve the outcome.  

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