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Community Satisfaction Survey of Loa Ipuh Health Center 2024–2025 Based on Ministerial Regulation No. 14/2017 Adiyatsa, Reza Jales Mahesa; Adrianto, Ratno
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : The Community Satisfaction Survey is an essential instrument for evaluating the quality of public services as mandated by the Indonesian Ministry of Administrative and Bureaucratic Reform Regulation No. 14 of 2017. This instrument assesses users’ perceptions of service quality based on nine service elements. In the health sector, this survey serves not only as a measurement tool but also as a foundation for continuous quality improvement. Objective : This study aims to compare the service performance of Loa Ipuh Health Center in 2024 and 2025 using a descriptive analysis approach based on primary survey data involving 375 respondents in each year. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : The evaluation covers all nine service elements and performance across service units (poli) following the guidelines of the Community Satisfaction Index (IKM). Results : The results show an increase in IKM from 87.06 in 2024 to 87.50 in 2025, indicating an overall improvement in service quality, although the increase remains modest. The highest-scoring elements in both years were Staff Attitude and Service Fees/Tariffs, reflecting positive public perceptions of staff behavior and cost affordability. Conversely, Service Specifications and Service Timeliness were the lowest-scoring elements, suggesting challenges related to service consistency and waiting time. Analysis across service units also revealed performance variations, with the KIA, Nutrition, and Procedure Units performing well, while the Laboratory and Registration Units scored below average. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : These findings highlight the need for targeted improvements in weaker elements and units to strengthen overall service quality in subsequent years.

Coffee consumption, hypertension, and sleep quality: a cross-sectional study in adult outpatients Wijayanti, Sakti Fadi’a; Nanda, Luthfiah; Hafiedz, Adzan Fajar Osceola; Seru, Rian Ananta Pasolang; Nugroho, Setyo; Isnuwardana, Ronny
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Hypertension is one of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases among the elderly population, while coffee consumption is often associated with increased blood pressure and impaired sleep quality. Objective : This study aimed to analyze the association between coffee consumption, hypertension status, and sleep quality among patients at the general–elderly outpatient clinic of Palaran Primary Health Center, Samarinda Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : This was an observational analytic study with a crosssectional design conducted in September 2025. A total of 137 respondents were selected using a convenience sampling technique, with data collected through questionnaires and analyzed using the Spearman Rank test. Results : The majority of respondents were female (62.8%), with a mean age of 44.47±15.74 years, and a hypertension prevalence of 62.8% (53.3% uncontrolled). The average coffee consumption was 3.21±2.1 cups per week, predominantly instant coffee. Spearman Rank analysis showed no significant association between coffee consumption and hypertension status (p = 0.679), nor with sleep quality (p = 0.525). Conclusion/Lesson Learned : This study concludes that low-to-moderate coffee consumption is not significantly associated with hypertension or sleep quality among adult patients at the outpatient clinic.

AI-Driven Prediction of Cerebrovascular Risk in Type 2 Diabetes: AFoundation for the I-Stroke Tool Yusoff, Mohamad Zuhair Bin Mohamed; Ra, Tajul Rosli
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Cerebrovascular disease (CeVD), encompassing ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, remains the third leading cause of death in Malaysia and a major complication of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). In 2019, Malaysia recorded 47,911 incident stroke cases and 19,928 related deaths. Traditional risk models such as the Framingham and UKPDS scores show moderate predictive capacity (C-index 0.60–0.71) but often underestimate CeVD risk among T2DM populations. With the escalating prevalence of T2DM, there is a critical need for an AI-driven, locally calibrated predictive tool. This review synthesizes current evidence to inform the foundation of Malaysia’s AI-calibrated cerebrovascular risk scoring tool (I-Stroke). This review aims to synthesize existing evidence on artificial intelligence (AI)–driven predictive models for cerebrovascular disease (CeVD) among patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). The objective is to identify key predictors, methodological approaches, and model performance metrics that can inform the conceptual design of a localized AI-calibrated cerebrovascular risk scoring tool (I-Stroke) tailored for Malaysia’s diabetic population. A narrative synthesis approach was employed, revie... The review identified consistent evidence that hypertension, dyslipidaemia, poor glycaemic control (HbA1c > 7%), longer diabetes duration, and coexisting comorbidities such as nephropathy and obesity are the strongest predictors of cerebrovascular disease (CeVD) among patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Traditional models like Framingham and UKPDS demonstrated moderate predictive performance (C-index 0.60–0.71), while AI-based models using algorithms such as Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, and Support Vector Machine achieved superior discrimination (AUC 0.75–0.84). Models integrating laboratory and demographic data outperformed clinical-only approaches. However, most existing studies lacked external validation and regional calibration, highlighting the need for a Malaysian-specific, AI-driven risk scoring tool such as the I-Stroke model. AI-based predictive models demonstrate superior performance compared to traditional statistical tools in identifying cerebrovascular disease (CeVD) risk among patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). The synthesis highlights key predictors including age, diabetes duration, HbA1c, hypertension, and dyslipidaemia. However, significant gaps remain in external validation and regional adaptation of existing models. These findings support the development of a Malaysian AI- calibrated cerebrovascular risk scoring tool (I-Stroke) to enhance early detection and guide preventive strategies aligned with the National Strategic Plan for Non-Communicable Diseases (NSP-NCD 2016–2025) and Sustainable Development Goal 3.4.

Prognostic Models for Recurrent Bacteriologically ConfirmedTuberculosis: Evidence and Applications in Malaysia Rameli, Nur Adila Che; Razak, Tajul Rosli; Ismail, Nurhuda; Ismail, Ahmad Izuanuddin; Teruna, Muhammad Muaz Shahriman; Salleh, Muhammad Muzzammil Mohamad; Yusoff, Mohamad Zuhair Mohamed; Khebir, Muhammad Hariz ‘Ammar; Sallehhu, Muhammad Irfan Mohd
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Bacteriologically confirmed recurrent tuberculosis (TB) continues to become a hurdle to TB elimination efforts. Patients experiencing recurrence face poorer treatment outcomes, higher mortality and increased risk of community transmission. Early identification of high-risk individuals for recurrence is important to support targeted surveillance, timely clinical follow-up and optimised preventive strategies. A prognostic risk score offers a systematic approach to risk-stratifying and promotes proactive intervention before disease reactivation. Objective : To develop and validate a prognostic bacteriologically-confirmed recurrent TB risk score Methods : Research The process will be conducted in three phases: identification of independent predictors associated with bacteriologically confirmed recurrent TB and development of the risk score, internal validation and external validation. Predictor selection and model development will be using multivariable regression techniques. Model performance will be assessed through discrimination and calibration indices and will be evaluated across phases.Methods/ Implementation Results :This study will produce a validated bacteriologically confirmed Recurrent TB risk score tool. The parameters of sensitivity, specificity, receiver operative characteristics, will be calculated and compared to determine the performance of the tool. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : This study will be able to identify high risk individuals prior to recurrence and has the potential to guide targeted monitoring, strengthen TB control efforts and reduce TB burden. Findings also support evidence based risk stratification for other infectious disease with recurrence potential.

Effect of Provideing Ergonomic Method Video to the Porters at Samarinda Pasar Pagi’s Dock Al Khairi, Rifani Amar; Ramdan, Iwan Muhamad; Setyowati, Dina Lusiana
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : According to the 2018 RISKESDAS data, the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in East Kalimantan was 8.12%, with the highest rates observed among farmers/laborers (9.9%), civil servants (7.5%), and fishermen (7.4%). Knowledge is one of the key factors influencing ergonomic posture. The use of interactive media, such as educational videos, can enhance the effectiveness of information delivery, thereby improving comprehension, knowledge, and attitudes toward ergonomic practices. Objective : Determine the effect of providing an ergonomic method video on the knowledge and work posture of porters at the Samarinda Pasar Pagi's Dock Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : This research is using quasi-experimental. Total of 30 respondents were involved as the research sample. Musculoskeletal complaints were measured using the Nordic Body Map instrument, while knowledgment & body posture was analyzed using questionnaire & Rapid Entire Body Assessment. Results : The experimental group showed a significant increase in knowledge (p = 0.003), indicating that the ergonomic lifting and carrying video effectively improved knowledge. However, there was no significant effect on reducing work posture risk on experimental group (p = 0.180). Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Based on the results and discussion, several conclusions can be drawn from the study : a. There was a significant increase in knowledge before and after the ergonomic lifting-and-carrying video intervention in the experimental group. b. There was no significant reduction in work posture risk in the experimental group after the intervention.

Implementation of Hospital Occupational Health and Safety Programs in Indonesia: A Scoping Review Agustina, Putri; Ramdan, Iwan Muhamad; Lestari, Ida Ayu Indira Dwika
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Hospitals expose employees to various occupational hazards, including biological, chemical, ergonomic, and psychosocial risks. Although Indonesia has regulations such as Minister of Health Regulation No. 66/2016 on Hospital OHS (K3RS) and the 2024 Hospital Accreditation Standards (KMK No. 1596/2024), OHS program implementation remains inconsistent. Understanding their execution is crucial to enhancing worker and patient safety. Objective : This scoping review aims to map existing evidence on the implementation of hospital occupational health and safety programs (K3RS) in Indonesia, focusing on governance, risk management, program domains, monitoring indicators, enablers, and barriers. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : The review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) framework and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Literature published between 2015 and 2025 was identified from PubMed, Google Scholar, GARUDA, and DOAJ using keywords related to “K3RS,” “hospital,” “implementation,” and “Indonesia.” Eligible studies included empirical research, reports, and policy analyses focusing on K3RS implementation. Data were charted and synthesized thematically. Results : Hospitals expose employees to various occupational hazards, including biological, chemical, ergonomic, and psychosocial risks. Although Indonesia has regulations such as Minister of Health Regulation No. 66/2016 on Hospital OHS (K3RS) and the 2024 Hospital Accreditation Standards (KMK No. 1596/2024), OHS program implementation remains inconsistent. Understanding their execution is crucial to enhancing worker and patient safety. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Implementation of hospital OHS programs in Indonesia is progressing but uneven. Strengthening governance, standardizing indicators, and embedding risk-based monitoring are essential for achieving safer hospital work environments.

AI-Driven Occupational Health and Safety Innovation: The Sehat Kerjaku Application Supporting CHSE at Hospitality Sector Lestari, Ida Ayu Indira dwika; Nugraha, Ida Bagus Aditya; Dewi, Etick Pristyan; Wardana, I Putu Mahendra Adi
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Stunting remains a significant chronic nutritional problem in Indonesia, particularly among children born to adolescent mothers. These young mothers often face limitations in nutritional knowledge, lower health literacy, and suboptimal reproductive preparedness, which collectively increase the risk of stunting in their children. Objective : This study aimed to conduct a review to determine the association between adolescent mothers’ nutritional knowledge and the incidence of stunting in toddlers, and to identify the contributing factors. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : This was a systematic review conducting following the PRISMA guidelines and utilizing the Population, Concept, and Context (PCC) framework. Articles were collected through searching the Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Crossref databases for studies up to October 2025. Two reviewers independently screened and included full- text article that examined Mothers Knowledge and stunting, focusing on the concept of knowledge, adolescent mother, and stunting. Results : A review included five articles. Adolescent mothers’ knowledge had a significant association with the incidence of stunting. This association was often strengthened by confounding factors such as socio-economic status, low education levels, limited access to healthcare services, and inadequate childcare practices. Several studies found that improving maternal nutritional literacy and initiating early prenatal care can effectively reduce the risk of stunting in children. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Low nutritional knowledge among adolescent mothers is confirmed as an important determinant of stunting in toddlers. Intervention efforts need to be focused on enhancing the education and nutritional literacy of adolescent girls through structured programs, including school-based education, adolescent mother classes in community health centers (Puskesmas), and targeted community campaigns. The integrated approach is crucial to break the intergenerational cycle of stunting and foster the development of quality human resources.

Factors Associated with Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: Evidence from the National DiabetesRegistry of Johor, Malaysia Salleh, Muhammad Muzzammil Mohamad; Kasim, Sazzli Shahlan; Razak, Tajul Rosli; Azahar, Nazar Mohd; Ismail, Norzaher; Yusoff, Mohamad Zuhair Mohamed; Khebir, Muhammad Hariz ‘Ammar; Teruna, Muhammad Muaz Shahriman; Rameli, Nur Adilla Che; Moh, Muhammad Irfan
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : IHD remains a leading cause of mortality among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Despite the availability of extensive registry data, limited local evidence exists regarding factors associated with IHD among Malaysian diabetic populations. Objective : This study aimed to identify demographic, clinical, and pharmacological associated factors of IHD using data from the National Diabetes Registry (NDR) of Johor, Malaysia. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using NDR data from 11,082 adults with T2DM registered between 2019 and 2021. Sociodemographic, clinical, biochemical, and medication variables were analyzed. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression identified independent associated factors of IHD, expressed as adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results : The prevalence of IHD among T2DM patients was 10.4% (95% CI=9.8, 11.0). Independent predictors of IHD included age ≥60 years (aOR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.33–1.86), male sex (aOR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.25–1.71), Chinese ethnicity (aOR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.28–1.98), hypertension (aOR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.38–2.51), dyslipidaemia (aOR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.16–1.86), diabetes duration > 10 years (aOR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.10–1.65), and diabetic retinopathy (aOR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.28–1.79). Non- use of calcium channel blockers (aOR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.32–1.76) increased IHD risk, while paradoxical inverse associations were noted for non-use of aspirin, ticlopidine, and beta-blockers, likely reflecting confounding by indication. Glitazone use showed a strong association with IHD (aOR = 10.46, 95% CI: 1.423, 76.960), possibly due to small sample bias. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : IHD prevalence among Malaysian diabetics is substantial and driven by multiple modifiable and demographic factors. Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) predictive models within the NDR using these variables could enhance early risk stratification and targeted cardiovascular prevention.

Analysis of Drug Logistics Management at the Pharmacy Installation of Kerang Hospital Paser and Its Relationship to Patient Satisfaction Saputra, Rio; Bakhtiar, Rahmat; Sedionoto, Blego
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background :Drug logistics management is a crucial component in ensuring the quality of hospital health services. The effectiveness of drug logistics management which includes planning, procurement, storage, distribution, and control directly affects drug availability and patient satisfaction. This study aims to analyze the implementation of drug logistics management at the Pharmacy Installation of Kerang Regional General Hospital (RSUD Kerang), Paser Regency, and to determine its relationship with patient satisfaction levels. Objective : The research aims to analyze the pharmaceutical logistics management at the Pharmacy Department of Kerang Regional General Hospital, Paser Regency, and to examine its relationship with patient satisfaction Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : This research employed a mixed methods approach with a sequential explanatory design, combining qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews with pharmaceutical management staff, while quantitative data were obtained from questionnaires distributed to 100 patients using pharmacy services. Quantitative data were analyzed using Chi-Square and multiple logistic regression tests at a 95% confidence level. Results : The results showed that the overall implementation of drug logistics management at RSUD Kerang was in the “moderately good” category, with procurement being the highest-performing aspect. The Chi-Square test revealed that only the variables of drug procurement (p = 0.011) and drug distribution (p = 0.085) had a significant relationship with patient satisfaction, whereas planning, storage, and control did not show significant effects. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified drug procurement as the most influential factor on patient satisfaction with an Exp(B) value of 3.47, followed by drug distribution with an Exp(B) value of 2.44. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : In conclusion, effective procurement and distribution of drugs are the key determinants in improving patient satisfaction with pharmacy services. It is recommended that RSUD Kerang strengthen data-based drug planning systems, accelerate procurement and distribution processes through digitalization, and enhance the competence of pharmaceutical human resources.

Analysis of Lead (Pb) Levels in Mojokerto, East Java Province Alamudi, Mohammad Yusuf; Sudianto, Henry; Anggraeni, Dhonna; Wardini, Sri; Lestari, Putri; Priyanti, Sari; Diana, Sulis; Mafticha, Elyana; Kartiningrum, Eka Diah; Fardiansyah, Arief
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Lead (Pb) is a heavy metal that is carcinogenic and takes a long time to decompose. Heavy metals in the environment can enter the human body through the food chain. Objective : The aim of this study is to analyze Lead (Pb) levels in the Mojokerto environment, East Java Province. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : The method used was a literature study through a Google search engine search using the keywords lead (Pb) and Mojokerto, followed by analysis using Vosviewer Results : From the results of the research conducted, lead heavy metals were found in humans (hair and nails), aquatic plants, soil and fish. In addition, based on Vosviewer, it was found that the majority were carried out in 2022. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Further research is needed to update data on lead levels in biotic and abiotic environments.

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MUHAMAD ZAKKI SAEFURROHIM

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saefurrohim@fkm.unmul.ac.id

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+6287710112314

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saefurrohim@fkm.unmul.ac.id

Editorial Address
Gedung IsDB FKM Jl. Sambaliung, Gn. Kelua, Kec. Samarinda Utara, Kota Samarinda, Kalimantan Timur 75119

Location
Kota samarinda,

Kalimantan timur

INDONESIA

Abstract

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name MUHAMAD ZAKKI SAEFURROHIM

Contact Email saefurrohim@fkm.unmul.ac.id

Phone +6287710112314

Journal Mail Official saefurrohim@fkm.unmul.ac.id

Editorial Address Gedung IsDB FKM Jl. Sambaliung, Gn. Kelua, Kec. Samarinda Utara, Kota Samarinda, Kalimantan Timur 75119

Location Kota samarinda, Kalimantan timur INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

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Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

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Contact Name
MUHAMAD ZAKKI SAEFURROHIM

Contact Email
saefurrohim@fkm.unmul.ac.id

Phone
+6287710112314

Journal Mail Official
saefurrohim@fkm.unmul.ac.id

Editorial Address
Gedung IsDB FKM Jl. Sambaliung, Gn. Kelua, Kec. Samarinda Utara, Kota Samarinda, Kalimantan Timur 75119

Location
Kota samarinda,

Kalimantan timur

INDONESIA