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Proceeding Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health
Published by Universitas Mulawarman
ISSN : -     EISSN : 3090630X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
The Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health (MICTOPH) is an annual international conference organized by the Faculty of Public Health (FKM), Universitas Mulawarman. This event serves as a platform to gather and integrate diverse, constructive, and comprehensive ideas, concepts, and perspectives. The outcomes of these discussions and presentations aim to form the foundation for addressing and solving various challenges in the field of public health, particularly those related to tropical regions. Through collaboration and knowledge exchange, MICTOPH strives to contribute to the advancement of public health research and practices.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 311 Documents
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Beyond Dietary Diversity: Household and Dietary Determinants of Wasting in Indonesian Children Ginting, Riska Mayang Saputri; Reski, Sepsina
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background : Indonesia is experiencing a triple burden of malnutrition—undernutrition, overnutrition, and micronutrient deficiencies. Wasting reflects acute nutritional imbalance caused by inadequate dietary intake and infection. Evidence linking dietary diversity, household food security, and wasting remains limited, particularly in the Puskesmas Mangkupalas area. Objective : To assess the associations between dietary diversity, household food security, and other related factors with wasting among children aged 6–23 months in Puskesmas Mangkupalas. Research Methods : A cross-sectional study was conducted among 137 children aged 6–23 months from Puskesmas Mangkupalas, selected through purposive sampling. Data collected included sociodemographic characteristics, dietary diversity, 24-hour dietary recall, anthropometric measurements, macronutrient intake, and household food security. Spearman correlation tests were used to examine associations between variables. Results : The triple burden was evident, with 40.1% of children wasted and 11.7% overweight or obese. Nearly half (48.9%) consumed non-diverse diets. Dietary diversity (p = 0.100) and household food security (p = 0.379) were not significantly associated with wasting. Significant correlates included the presence of smokers in the household, recent child illness, market proximity, household income, and macronutrient intake—energy (p = 0.001, r = 0.354), fat (p = 0.048), and carbohydrates (p < 0.001). Conclusion/Lesson Learned : The coexistence of wasting and overweight reflects the ongoing nutrition transition. Addressing this issue requires multi-sectoral actions prioritizing modifiable household and dietary factors—such as smoking exposure, market access, and energy adequacy— beyond dietary diversity and food security measures to effectively reduce acute malnutrition.
Overview Of E-Kianpuas patient Satisfaction on Five DimentionsSERVQUAL in Airputih Dental Health Services Purnama, Tasha Citra; Adrianto, Ratno; Pakki, Irfansyah Baharuddin
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background : Quality healthcare services are a top priority in improving community satisfaction as an indicator of public service performance. The Samarinda City Government, through the E- Kianpuas application, has introduced a digital-based public satisfaction survey to assess the quality of health services at community health centers (Puskesmas). This study focuses on dental and oral health services at the Air Putih Health Center, which play a vital role in enhancing community health status Objective : This study aims to describe community satisfaction with the quality of dental and oral health services using the E-Kianpuas application, analyzed through the five SERVQUAL dimensions: Tangibles, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, and Empathy. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : A quantitative descriptive survey approach was employed, referring to Regulation of the Minister for Administrative and Bureaucratic Reform (Permenpan) No. 14 of 2017. Data were collected from the E-Kianpuas application in 2024 involving 24 respondents aged 18–66 years. Measurements used a 1–4 Likert scale and were analyzed descriptively to calculate averages and convert them into the Community Satisfaction Index (IKM). Results : The overall IKM score was 84.38, categorized as “Good.” The Assurance and Responsiveness dimensions achieved the highest scores, reflecting fast, transparent, and safe services. Meanwhile, Tangibles, Reliability, and Empathy received lower scores, particularly regarding facilities, service time, and staff politeness. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : The E-Kianpuas application effectively evaluates health service quality and supports continuous improvement. Although Air Putih Health Center meets public expectations, enhancing physical facilities, procedural efficiency, and interpersonal communication is essential for optimal service quality.
Global Research Trends on Stunting Prevention in Low- and Middle-Income Countries Ariyatna, Putri Anita; Azzahra, Nabila Khairunisa; Widuri, Salma Santi; Putri, Winny Cinta Permata; Madaningrum, Isnawiyah
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background : Stunting is a significant health problem in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Despite the upward research of stunting in LMICs, the prevalence of stunting still exceeds WHO targets. Objective : This research trend aims to look at the future research of stunting prevention in LMICs. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : Bibliometric analysis was conducted using the PubMed database with a publication range of 1990–2024. A total of 430 articles that met the inclusion criteria were extracted and analyzed using bibliometric tools and VOSviewer. Results : The number of publications has increased significantly, particularly over the past 34 years. Research on stunting prevention in low- and middle-income countries has been predominantly conducted by the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, while the United States emerged as the most productive country. Most publications focused on themes related to breastfeeding, undernutrition, and education. Based on the keyword co-occurrence visualization, this bibliometric analysis identified potential themes that may guide future research directions. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : This study uses quantitative data to emphasize the importance of greater research attention to stunting prevention in children, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Stunting prevention interventions are shifting from traditional approaches to addressing multifactorial causes.
Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence for Early Dental Caries Screening in Samarinda Firnanda, Rivana; Adrianto, Ratno
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background : Artificial Intelligence (AI) has rapidly advanced in dentistry, offering opportunities to enhance the early detection and diagnosis of dental caries. In Indonesia, caries remains a significant public health problem, and conventional screening methods are often subjective, time-consuming, and less accurate. Integrating AI into dental screening can improve diagnostic precision and efficiency, especially in primary healthcare settings such as clinics in Samarinda. Objective : To evaluate the effectiveness of AI applications in early caries screening, explore healthcare professionals’ perceptions toward AI adoption in primary care, and analyze policy implications related to digital health integration in dental services in Samarinda. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Literature was sourced from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases, covering publications between 2016 and 2025. Studies were selected based on inclusion criteria focusing on AI applications for caries detection, diagnostic accuracy, and relevance to primary healthcare. Data were synthesized descriptively to assess AI’s performance and implementation challenges. Results : The review revealed that AI models, particularly those based on deep learning and convolutional neural networks (CNN), demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy, with sensitivity and specificity exceeding 90%. AI applications improved diagnostic efficiency and decision-making in dental care. However, barriers such as limited digital infrastructure, low technological literacy among practitioners, and regulatory challenges persist in the implementation phase. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : AI shows strong potential to improve early caries screening in primary care by enhancing diagnostic speed and accuracy. Successful implementation requires adequate infrastructure, practitioner training, and supportive digital health policies. Integrating AI can contribute significantly to the digital transformation of oral healthcare services in Samarinda.
The Effectiveness of Interactive Nutrition Education among Adolescents in Islamic Boarding Schools Toward a Healthy Lifestyle Romadona, Salsabila; Firdaus, Muhammad Sabilul; Humaida, Venna Arzika
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Abstract

Adolescents in Islamic boarding schools often experience limited access to health information and nutrition education, which can lead to unhealthy dietary behaviors and low awareness of balanced nutrition. Improving health literacy at this stage is essential to promote lifelong healthy habits. However, evidence regarding the effectiveness of interactive nutrition education in this specific educational context remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of interactive nutrition education in improving the knowledge and attitudes of adolescents in an Islamic boarding school toward a healthy lifestyle. A quasi-experimental design with a one group pretest posttest approach was conducted among 30 students. The intervention consisted of interactive nutrition education sessions combining discussion, games, and visual media. Data on knowledge and attitudes were collected using validated and reliable instruments (Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.708 for cognitive and 0.848 for attitude). Statistical analyses included paired t-tests and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Tests to assess differences before and after the intervention. The results showed a significant improvement in students’ knowledge after the intervention (t(29) = 7.581, p < 0.001), indicating that interactive nutrition education effectively enhanced cognitive understanding of healthy nutrition. Meanwhile, although the average attitude score increased after the intervention, the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.131). These findings suggest that while knowledge improved significantly, behavioral and attitudinal changes may require longer or repeated exposure to reinforcement activities. Interactive nutrition education is effective in improving adolescents’ nutritional knowledge in Islamic boarding schools and serves as a promising strategy for promoting healthy lifestyles. Future programs should incorporate continuous reinforcement and experiential learning to sustain attitudinal and behavioral change.
Investigasi Kejadian Luar Biasa (KLB) Keracunan Makanan Di SMPN 4 Kintamani, Bangli Prakasa, Nuhfarizki Lintang; Subrata, I Made; Suardani, Nyoman
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Abstract

Kejadian Luar Biasa (KLB) keracunan makanan merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang membutuhkan respons cepat. Pada 14 Mei 2025, dilaporkan sejumlah siswa SMPN 4 Kintamani mengalami gejala akut keracunan setelah makan di kantin sekolah. : Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi sumber penyebab, pola penyebaran, dan faktor lingkungan yang mempengaruhi kejadian. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain case-control dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Subjek terdiri dari 16 siswa sebagai kasus (memiliki gejala keracunan) dan 32 siswa sebagai kontrol (tanpa gejala), dipilih secara purposive. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara menggunakan kuesioner semi terstruktur, observasi sanitasi lingkungan, dan pemeriksaan laboratorium terhadap sampel air. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square dan perhitungan odds ratio (OR) dengan CI 95% untuk menentukan hubungan antara konsumsi makanan dan kejadian keracunan. Gejala muncul 1–26 jam pascakonsumsi makanan, menunjukkan pola point source. Konsumsi ayam sisit berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian keracunan (OR = 4,488; p = 0,004; CI 95%: 1,544 13,049). Seluruh kasus mengonsumsi ayam sisit. Uji laboratorium menunjukkan air minum mengandung Escherichia coli dan total coliform melebihi ambang batas. Kondisi kantin tidak higienis, dekat tempat sampah, dan banyak lalat mendukung kemungkinan kontaminasi silang. KLB diduga disebabkan oleh ayam sisit terkontaminasi, dengan faktor pendukung berupa sanitasi lingkungan yang buruk dan kualitas air tidak layak. Diperlukan peningkatan pengawasan kantin sekolah, pelatihan penjamah makanan, perbaikan sanitasi, dan penguatan surveilans dini untuk mencegah kejadian serupa.
The Effect of Nutrition Education on Improving Knowledge of Adolescent Girls for Anemia Prevention Wirawanti, Ika Wirya; Musakkir, Aswar; Marwati, St
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Stunting remains a significant chronic nutritional problem in Indonesia, particularly among children born to adolescent mothers. These young mothers often face limitations in nutritional knowledge, lower health literacy, and suboptimal reproductive preparedness, which collectively increase the risk of stunting in their children. Objective : This study aimed to conduct a review to determine the association between adolescent mothers’ nutritional knowledge and the incidence of stunting in toddlers, and to identify the contributing factors. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : This was a systematic review conducting following the PRISMA guidelines and utilizing the Population, Concept, and Context (PCC) framework. Articles were collected through searching the Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Crossref databases for studies up to October 2025. Two reviewers independently screened and included full- text article that examined Mothers Knowledge and stunting, focusing on the concept of knowledge, adolescent mother, and stunting. Results : A review included five articles. Adolescent mothers’ knowledge had a significant association with the incidence of stunting. This association was often strengthened by confounding factors such as socio-economic status, low education levels, limited access to healthcare services, and inadequate childcare practices. Several studies found that improving maternal nutritional literacy and initiating early prenatal care can effectively reduce the risk of stunting in children. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Low nutritional knowledge among adolescent mothers is confirmed as an important determinant of stunting in toddlers. Intervention efforts need to be focused on enhancing the education and nutritional literacy of adolescent girls through structured programs, including school-based education, adolescent mother classes in community health centers (Puskesmas), and targeted community campaigns. The integrated approach is crucial to break the intergenerational cycle of stunting and foster the development of quality human resources.
Overview of Stunting Risk Factors in Toddlers in RT 02 and RT 04Simpang Pasir Village, Palaran District, Samarinda City. Vanessa, Vanessa; Pakki, Irfansyah Baharuddin
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Stunting is a condition of chronic nutritional problems that causes failure to thrive in children and brain development is not in accordance with children at the age they should be. Stunting is a chronic malnutrition problem caused by inadequate nutritional intake for a long time due to feeding that is not in accordance with nutritional needs. Objective : The problem of stunting which is currently a problem has an impact on various aspects, one of which is a decrease in the productivity of Human Resources (HR) in an area. Based on the results of the Indonesia Nutrition Status Survey (SSGI) in 2021 conducted by the Ministry of Health, the stunting prevalence rate in Indonesia in 2021 was 24.4%, or decreased 6.4% from 30.8% in 2018. This study aims to determine the description of factors the risk of stunting in children under five in RT 02 and RT 04 Simpang Pasir Village, Paran District, Samarinda City. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : This type uses a cross sectional design, with a total sample of 20 samples. Data was collected using an instrumental questionnaire and then performed univariate analysis and descriptive test. Results : The results obtained are to know the risk factors regarding stunting in toddlers in the area of RT 02 and RT 04 Simpang Pasir Village, Paran District, Samarinda City. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Based on the results of research conducted in the neighborhood units (RT) 02 and 04 of Simpang Pasir Village, Paran District, Samarinda City, it can be concluded that several risk factors contribute to stunting in toddlers. Through a cross-sectional design approach and univariate and descriptive analyses of 20 samples, it was found that stunting remains a chronic nutritional problem that impacts children's physical growth and brain development. These findings reinforce the importance of meeting nutritional needs from an early age and appropriate interventions to reduce stunting prevalence rates, especially at the smallest level, such as neighborhood associations.
The Pictorial Health Warnings Impact on Smoking Cessation Intention: A Literature Review Based On TPB Parengkuan, Sandra Reinny; Rohmah, Nur; Nurrachmawati, Annisa
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Cigarette consumption in Indonesia remains high, underscoring the need for effective tobacco control strategies such as Pictorial Health Warnings (PHWs). This study aims to analyze the influence of PHWs on the components of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)—attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control—and their subsequent effect on the intention to quit smoking. Objective : This study aims to analyze the influence of PHWs on the components of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)—attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control—and their subsequent effect on the intention to quit smoking Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : A systematic literature review was conducted using indexed scientific databases, including Scopus, DOAJ, and PubMed, for the period of 2020–2024. The review included three primary studies that met the inclusion criteria and focused on smoking cessation behavior, the TPB framework, and pictorial media as an intervention. This study adopts the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) method in the process of identifying and selecting literature studies. Results : The findings consistently demonstrate that graphic visualizations of smoking-related hazards positively influence smokers' attitudes, enhance social awareness (subjective norm), and strengthen perceived behavioral control over quitting. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : In conclusion, PHWs effectively target the key determinants of behavioral intention outlined in the TPB. An emotionally powerful visual approach significantly boosts smokers' awareness and motivation to quit, affirming the utility of PHWs as a critical public health intervention.
The Relationship between Anxiety Symptoms and Smoking AmongAdolescents in Samarinda Insany, Vicca Yulia; Ningsih, Riyan; Azmiardi, Akhmad
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Background : Adolescents are a vulnerable population for both anxiety disorders and health risk behaviors such as smoking, including the use of electronic cigarettes. Anxiety symptoms in adolescents are thought to contribute to earlier smoking initiation. Objective : This study aimed to examine the relationship between anxiety symptoms and smoking behavior among adolescents in Samarinda Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : This cross-sectional study was conducted in the working area of Baqa Primary Healthcare Center, Samarinda, in 2025. A total of 212 senior high school students were selected using a total sampling technique. Smoking behavior data were collected using a smoking behavior screening questionnaire. Anxiety symptoms were measured using the Mini MINDHEAR Youth Scale V.1 (anxiety subscore). Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with the Chi-Square test Results : Most respondents were aged 15 to 17 years. Among the smokers, 40 participants were male (81%) and 9 were female (19%); 29 respondents (59%) reported smoking conventional tobacco cigarettes, while 20 respondents (40%) used electronic cigarettes. The proportion of smoking (tobacco/e-cigarettes) among respondents with anxiety symptoms was 33.9%, compared to 19.2% among those without anxiety symptoms. There was a statistically significant association between anxiety symptoms and smoking behavior (p = 0.025; PR = 2.157; 95 percent CI = 1.091–4.264). Conclusion/Lesson Learned : There is a significant relationship between anxiety symptoms and smoking behavior among students. These findings highlight the importance of mental health screening and intervention within School Health Programs (UKS), Adolescent Integrated Community Health (Posyandu Remaja), and Smoking Cessation Program (UBM

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