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Proceeding Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health
Published by Universitas Mulawarman
ISSN : -     EISSN : 3090630X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
The Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health (MICTOPH) is an annual international conference organized by the Faculty of Public Health (FKM), Universitas Mulawarman. This event serves as a platform to gather and integrate diverse, constructive, and comprehensive ideas, concepts, and perspectives. The outcomes of these discussions and presentations aim to form the foundation for addressing and solving various challenges in the field of public health, particularly those related to tropical regions. Through collaboration and knowledge exchange, MICTOPH strives to contribute to the advancement of public health research and practices.
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 311 Documents
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Knowledge and Behavior Regarding Intermittent Fasting Layuk, Meity Moga; Wisnuwardani, Ratih Wirapuspita
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background : Intermittent fasting (IF), often integrated into carbohydrate-restricted diets, has rapidly gained interest among the general public and patients with cardiometabolic disease. However, there are limited studies investigating the relationship between IF knowledge, IF practice and healthy lifestyle behaviors. Objective : The study aimed to determine the association between the level of IF knowledge, Intermittent Fasting practices and healthy lifestyle behaviors among adults in Samarinda, Indonesia. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : This study employed a cross-sectional design, involving 129 respondents recruited through an online questionnaire. Data collected included demographic characteristics, IF knowledge, Intermittent Fasting practices, and healthy lifestyle behaviors (covering diet, physical activity, sleep duration, non-alcoholic consumption, non-smoking, and stress management). Data analysis utilized the Chi-Square test to assess the association between respondent characteristics and IF practices, and the Spearman correlation test to analyze the association between IF knowledge and healthy lifestyle behaviors. Results : There was no significant difference found between most respondent characteristics and IF practices, except for having received IF information (p<0.0001). A significant association was observed between IF knowledge and IF practices ((p<0.0001). However, there was no association between IF knowledge and overall healthy lifestyle behaviors, including dietary patterns (p=0.249). Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Higher IF knowledge is significantly associated with IF practices, but not associated with overall healthy lifestyle behaviors. These findings emphasize the importance of strengthening evidence-based health education to improve public understanding of healthy lifestyle components as an effort toward developing quality human resources. An integrated health promotion strategy that combines knowledge dissemination with practical behavioral support is recommended to enhance community well-being.
Adolescent Mothers’ Nutritional Knowledge and Stunting Risk: A systematic review Mardika, I Wayan; Wisnuwardani, Ratih Wirapuspita
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background : Stunting remains a significant chronic nutritional problem in Indonesia, particularly among children born to adolescent mothers. These young mothers often face limitations in nutritional knowledge, lower health literacy, and suboptimal reproductive preparedness, which collectively increase the risk of stunting in their children. Objective : This study aimed to conduct a review to determine the association between adolescent mothers’ nutritional knowledge and the incidence of stunting in toddlers, and to identify the contributing factors. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : This was a systematic review conducting following the PRISMA guidelines and utilizing the Population, Concept, and Context (PCC) framework. Articles were collected through searching the Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Crossref databases for studies up to October 2025. Two reviewers independently screened and included full- text article that examined Mothers Knowledge and stunting, focusing on the concept of knowledge, adolescent mother, and stunting. Results : A review included five articles. Adolescent mothers’ knowledge had a significant association with the incidence of stunting. This association was often strengthened by confounding factors such as socio-economic status, low education levels, limited access to healthcare services, and inadequate childcare practices. Several studies found that improving maternal nutritional literacy and initiating early prenatal care can effectively reduce the risk of stunting in children. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Low nutritional knowledge among adolescent mothers is confirmed as an important determinant of stunting in toddlers. Intervention efforts need to be focused on enhancing the education and nutritional literacy of adolescent girls through structured programs, including school-based education, adolescent mother classes in community health centers (Puskesmas), and targeted community campaigns. The integrated approach is crucial to break the intergenerational cycle of stunting and foster the development of quality human resources.
The Relationship Between Responsiveness and Patient Satisfaction atPuskesmas Remaja Hariyani, Noor
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background : Responsiveness is a key dimension of healthcare quality, reflecting the extent to which services meet patient needs. Although responsiveness has been widely studied, evidence from Puskesmas Remaja settings remains limited, and gaps between patient expectations and service experiences are still reported. Objective : This study aimed to assess the level of service responsiveness at Puskesmas Remaja, examine patient satisfaction, and analyze the relationship between the two. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 755 respondents recruited through convenience sampling. Data were collected using a standardized electronic questionnaire, and bivariate analysis was performed using the Chi-Square test. Results : Of the total respondents, 306 rated service responsiveness as “Good” and 265 as “Very Good,” with corresponding satisfaction levels reported in similar categories. Statistical analysis confirmed a significant association between responsiveness and patient satisfaction (p < 0.001). Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Service responsiveness has a significant positive effect on patient satisfaction. Strengthening responsiveness should be prioritized as a strategic approach to improve service quality and patient experience in primary healthcare facilities.
Narative Review : Factors Related to the Occurrence of Diarrhea Among Under-Five Children Herliani, Resda; Ningsih, Riyan; Azmiardi, Akhmad
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background : Diarrhea in children under five years of age remains a significant global health crisis, particularly in developing countries, characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates. Although risk factors have been identified, geographic variations and the concentration of preventive interventions require a synthesis of updated evidence. Objective : This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive update on the key determinants influencing diarrhea incidence in children aged 0-59 months. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : The review was conducted on research articles published 2019-2024. The articles were retrieved from PubMed, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate databases, using keywords such as "toddlers," "diarrhea," and "determinants." The selection focused on studies reporting diarrhea prevalence, as well as risk or protective factors related to WASH (Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene), immunization, and sociodemographics. Inclusion criteria for articles were original research, written in Indonesian and English, and full papers. A total of 34 articles were analyzed narratively. Results : The prevalence of diarrhea in children under five in community-based studies varies (9.6% to 26.4%), with the highest incidence concentrated in the 6–23 month age group. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : The prevalence of diarrhea in children under five (9.6% to 26.4%). Children from families with low maternal education and limited socioeconomic resources are at greater risk. Strengthening access to safe water, sanitation, hygiene practices, and vaccination coverage is therefore essential for reducing diarrhea burden among under-five children.
Analysis of hazardous substance content in Elementary school snacks: case study at sdn 009 Kota samarinda Husna, Miftahul; amaruddin, Iriyani; Wisnuwardani, Ratih Wirapuspita
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background : Schoolchildren’s snacks have the potential to contain hazardous food additives such as formalin, borax, rhodamine B, and methanil yellow, which are prohibited in food products. Prolonged exposure to these substances can pose serious health risks to children. Objective : This study aimed to assess the presence of hazardous chemical substances in school snacks sold at SDN 009 Karang Asam, Samarinda City, and to evaluate hygiene and food handling practices by school food vendors Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : A descriptive survey design was employed using direct observation and rapid testing methods. Three popular snack items—iced tea, jelly, and colored mini pancakes (terang bulan)—were tested using rapid test kits for the presence of formalin, borax, rhodamine B, and methanil yellow. Results : All samples tested negative for the four hazardous substances. However, several hygiene- related deficiencies were observed, including the unclear source of water and ice used in preparation and the lack of personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and masks among vendors. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : While the tested school snacks did not contain prohibited food additives, the hygiene and sanitation practices of the vendors were suboptimal. Regular education and supervision are essential to ensure comprehensive food safety for schoolchildren
Narrative Review: Physical Environmental , Sociodemographic, and Biological Factors on Dengue Fever in Children Aged 0-15 Years Aziz, Rusna Azizah; Sedionoto, Blego; Azmiardi, Akhmad
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Abstract

Objective : This review aims to synthesize evidence narratively regarding the relationship between physical environmental , sociodemographic, and biological factors and the incidence of dengue fever in children aged 0-<15 years. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : This narrative review was conducted by searching articles in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases from 2016 to 2025. The main keywords used included "Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever," "Physical Environment," "Sociodemographics," and "Biology." The criteria for articles were exposure to physical, sociodemographic, and biological environmental factors associated with the outcome of DHF in children. Other criteria were that articles were written in Indonesian or English and were full-text articles. After screening based on these criteria, 34 research articles were selected for narrative analysis. Results : The results of a literature review of 34 articles analyzed consistently indicate that physical, sociodemographic, and biological environmental factors have a significant influence on the increase in the incidence of dengue fever. The majority of studies reported an increase in the incidence of dengue fever measured in the assessment of physical, sociodemographic, and biological environmental factors. Good physical environmental management, interventions in sociodemographic factors, and effective and efficient control of biological factors can help reduce the incidence and mortality due to dengue fever. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Physical, sociodemographic, and biological environmental factors are associated with dengue fever incidence in children. These findings recommend enhancing promotional and preventive efforts by increasing collaboration with Jumantik (Family Disaster Mitigation Team) cadres and other cross-sectoral organizations to optimize efforts to reduce dengue fever incidence.
Characteristics of Hypertension Patients at Loa Bakung Community Health Center Noorhayaty, Noorhayaty; Iriyani, Iriyani; Azmiardi, Akhmad; Pakki, Irfansyah Baharuddin
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background : Hypertension is a non- communicable disease that is one of the main causes of premature death in the world. The World health Organization (WHO) estimates that in 2025 there will be an increase in hypertension cases by around 80%, in 2000 from 639 million cases to 1.5 billion cases. Hypertension is the third leading cause of death in Indonesia for all ages. In 2015, surveys showed that 1 in 4 women and 1 in 5 men suffer from hypertension. Less than 1 in 5 people have hypertension that is well controlled and more than 9 million deaths are related to hypertension Objective : This study aims to determine the characteristics of hypertensive patients in Loa Bakung Community Health Center. The characteristics referred to gender, age, BMI, hypertension degree, and sub district. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : The method used is descriptive, with a total sampling technique of 251 people. Results : The study results showed that 80 (31.9%) were male patients with hypertension, while 171 (68.1%) were female. There were 146 adult patients aged 18-59 (58.2%), and 105 elderly patients (41.8%) aged over 60 years. There were 96 hypertensive patients with a normal BMI (38.2%), 98 overweight patients (39%), and 57 obese patients (22.7%). The number of patients with normal hypertension (after regular treatment) was 67 (26.7%), 53 pre-hypertension patients (21.1%), 94 grade I hypertension patients (37.5%), and 37 grade II hypertension patients (14.7%). Patients who live in Loa Bakung sub-district are 220 (87.6%), Loa Buah sub-district 21 (8.4%), other sub-districts 10 (4%). Conclusion/Lesson Learned : The conclusion is that based on gender, there are more female patients than male patients, more adult hypertension patients (aged 15-59 years) than elderly patients, and more overweight patients have a BMI than other nutritional statuses. The number of hypertension patients with grade 1 hypertension is higher. Most hypertension patients who seek treatment at the Loa Bakung Community Health Center live in the Loa Bakung sub-district.
Analysis of Test Result Timeliness as a Laboratory Service Quality Indicator Sadaria, Sadaria; Wisnuwardani, Ratih Wirapuspita; Adrianto, Ratno; Lestari, Ida Ayu Indira Dwika
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background : Timeliness of laboratory result reporting is a key quality indicator that reflects efficiency, professionalism, and customer satisfaction in accordance with ISO 15189:2022 standards. Reporting delays remain a common issue in public laboratories due to limited resources and system inefficiencies. This study addresses practical, scientific, and theoretical gaps in understanding factors influencing turnaround time (TAT) in regional laboratories and how digital quality systems can improve service performance. Objective : This study aimed to analyze the level of reporting timeliness and identify factors contributing to delays at the Provincial Health Laboratory (UPTD Labkes) of East Kalimantan during January–June 2025. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : A descriptive quantitative approach was applied using primary data from laboratory test logs, interviews, and field observations, along with secondary data from internal quality indicator reports. Results : he findings revealed an average reporting timeliness of 88.2%, still below the minimum internal quality target of 90%, with variations among divisions. The Biomolecular and Calibration units achieved 100%, while the Congenital Hypothyroid Screening (CHS) program recorded the lowest timeliness at 86.8%. Reporting delays were mainly due to high workloads, limited human resources, suboptimal LIS/SIL transition, technical constraints in MMPI scoring, and reagent supply delays. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Improvement strategies include optimizing human resource planning, strengthening integrated digital systems, enhancing staff competence through the PDCA cycle, and real-time reagent monitoring. Digital transformation and continuous quality system implementation are strategic measures to achieve fast, accurate, and trustworthy laboratory services aligned with international standards.
Narrative Review: Factors Associated with the Sexually TransmittedInfections (STIs) Among Tugboat Crews in the Mahakam River Wardani, Nunuk Kusuma; Pakki, Irfansyah Baharuddin; Azmiardi, Akhmad
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background : Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remain a persistent global health concern, particularly among maritime workers such as tugboat crews. Prolonged sailing periods, limited healthcare access, and high-risk sexual behavior increase their vulnerability to infection. This narrative review aims to summarize key determinants influencing STI risks and prevention behaviors among tugboat crews in the Mahakam River area. Objective : This review seeks to identify and analyze the main determinants related to STI occurrence among tugboat crews, focusing on individual, social, and environmental aspects. The objectives include describing individual factors such as knowledge, attitude, and sexual behavior; exploring social and environmental determinants like social support, access to health services, and working conditions; and synthesizing evidence-based recommendations for strengthening STI prevention programs among maritime workers. Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : Articles published between 2019 and 2025 were collected from PubMed and Google Scholar using keywords related to STIs, sailors, fishermen, and port workers. Thirty eligible studies in English were analyzed narratively to identify consistent determinants influencing STI prevention and risk. Results : The review revealed that low sexual health knowledge, negative attitudes toward STI prevention, and risky sexual behaviors are the dominant contributing factors. Additional barriers include stigma, cultural norms restricting sexual health discussion, and limited routine health screening among seafarers. These conditions increase vulnerability to STIs and hinder prevention efforts. Conclusion/Lesson Learned : Tugboat crews on the Mahakam River face elevated risks of STIs due to behavioral, social, and structural challenges. Integrated approaches involving education, access to health services, and supportive policies are essential for effective STI prevention. This review provides evidence to guide targeted interventions and policy development in maritime health programs.
Analysis of Work Stress Diagnosis in Health Workers at Remaja HealthCenter in Samarinda City Uga, Mirani Arizkha; Ramdan, Iwan M; Sultan, Muhammad
Mulawarman International Conference on Tropical Public Health Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): The 4th MICTOPH
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Mulawarman University, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background : Community health centers are responsible for improving the quality of services and health development in their respective work areas. In this regard, healthcare professionals play a vital role in optimizing the quality of health services. Objective: This study aims to analyze the diagnosis of work stress among healthcare workers at Puskesmas Remaja, Samarinda City . Research Methods/ Implementation Methods : This quantitative study employed a cross-sectional design with a sample size of 32 individuals. Data was collected using the DASS 21 (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21) questionnaire. Univariate analysis was performed to describe the characteristics of respondents and the distribution of work stress in the form of frequency tables and percentages. Subsequently, bivariate analysis using the Chi-square test with a significance level of 5% (p<0.05) was conducted to examine the relationship between age, gender, marital status, and years of service with work stress among healthcare workers at Puskesmas Remaja, Samarinda City. Results : The results showed that 8 individuals (25%) fell into the category of work stress. Specifically, 4 individuals (12.5%) experienced mild stress, 3 (9.4%) moderate stress, and 1 person (3.1%) severe stress. Based on the analysis, marital status was the only variable found to have a significant relationship with the incidence of work stress among respondents (p=0.01). Conclusion/Lesson Learned : For future research, it is recommended to conduct similar studies with different designs, larger sample sizes, and include other variables to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between various factors and work stress among healthcare professionals.

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