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Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional (National Public Health Journal)
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 19077505     EISSN : 24600601     DOI : https://doi.org/10.7454/kesmas
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Public Health
The focus of Kesmas is on public health as discipline and practices related to preventive and promotive measures to enhance the public health through a scientific approach applying a variety of technique. This focus includes areas and scopes such as Biostatistics, Environmental Public Health, Epidemiology, Health Policy, Health Services Research, Nutrition, Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene, Public Health, Public Health Education and Promotion, Women Health.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 928 Documents
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Evaluation of Program for Overcoming Intestinal Worm Infections among Children Febriyanti, Henny; Idris, Haerawati
Kesmas Vol. 15, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Prevalence of intestinal worm infection in generall is extremely high in Indonesia among the poor population with poor sanitation. One of the government programs to address this problem is the distribution of medicines to prevent intestinal worm infections. However, the coverage of the achievement for this program is still low in several areas of public health centers in Palembang. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the national program for preventing intestinal worm infections. The qualitative research design used evaluation model approach Context, Input, Process, and Product (CIPP) model. This study was conducted in one of health centers in Palembang City. The informants were selected using purposive sampling method. Data collection was done via in-depth interviews, document reviews, and observations. Descriptive content analysis was used to examine and process the collected data. Results showed that, from situational factor, the program is held by the government because of the high prevalence of intestinal worm infection. The study found the input component, limited staff that handles this program. There were limited facilities for the extension of the infrastructure. In the process component, the distribution of the drug albendazole was not optimal in all elementary schools. Four elementary schools did not receive albendazole. This study demonstrated that the implementation of the program was not optimal
Entomological Index and Home Environment Contribution­ ­to Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Mataram City, Indonesia Satoto, Tri Baskoro Tunggul; Pascawati, Nur Alvira; Wibawa, Tri; Frutos, Roger; Maguin, Sylvie; Mulyawan, I Kadek; Wardana, Ali
Kesmas Vol. 15, No. 1
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Abstract

Indonesia is a member of Southeast Asia Regional Office (SEARO) ranked the first in dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) problem based on incidence rate (IR) and case fatality rate (CFR). Several provinces in Indonesia experience an outbreak, one of which is the Mataram City in West Nusa Tenggara Province. Mataram City is an endemic area of DHF because the DHF cases are always found in three consecutive years with the number of cases that fluctuate and tend to increase. This study aimed to obtain factors that could be used to improve early warning systems in controlling DHF. This study used a case control design with a ratio of 1:1 to 180 house holds. The results showed that home environmental factors, such as no ceiling, indoor and outdoor temperature that had the potential for breeding places for mosquitoes, no wire net in ventilation, low lighting and high humidity, related to DHF transmission. Vector distibution with entomology index showed that the existence of larvae, eggs and mosquitoes played a role in dengue transmission. The dominant factors affecting the transmission of dengue in Mataram City are the condition of the ceiling and the existence of mosquito eggs in the house.
Utilization of Family Planning Contraceptives among Women inthe Coastal Area of South Buru District, Maluku, 2017 Titaley, Christiana Rialine; Sallatalohy, Ninik
Kesmas Vol. 15, No. 1
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Abstract

Maluku Province is one among provinces in Indonesia with a contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) lower than the national average. This study aimed toexamine factors associated with the utilization of family planning contraceptives among women of reproductive age living in the coastal area of South BuruDistrict, Maluku, Indonesia. Data were derived from a household health survey conducted in five subdistricts in South Buru, e.g., Namrole, Leksula, Waesama,Kapala Madan and Ambalau Subdistricts on November 2017 by the Faculty of Medicine, Pattimura University in Ambon. Information on contraceptive usewere collected from 390 married women aged 20 - 49 years. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were employed to examine the factorsassociated with utilization of family planning contraceptives. This study found a low rate of utilization of family planning contraceptives (38.5%). The odds ofutilization modern contraceptive significantly reduced among women living in Ambalau and Leksula Subdistricts, aged 41 - 49 years, those who intend to havemore number of children, and with a low level of knowledge about family planning contraceptive methods.
Determinants of Stunted Children in Indonesia: A Multilevel Analysis at the Individual, Household, and Community Levels Wicaksono, Febri; Harsanti, Titik
Kesmas Vol. 15, No. 1
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Abstract

This study aimed to examine the risk factors of childhood undernutrition in Indonesia. Determinants of childhood stunting were examined by using the 2013 Indonesia Basic Health Research Survey dataset. A total of 76,165 children aged under 5 years were included in this study. The analysis used multivariate multilevel logistic regression to determine adjusted odds ratios (aORs). The prevalence of stunting in the sample population was 36.7%. The odds of stunting increased significantly among the under-five boys, children living in slum area, and the increase of household member (aOR = 1.11, 95 %CI: 1.06–1.15; 1.09, 95%CI: 1.04–1.15; and 1.03, 95%CI: 1.02–1.04 respectively). The odds of stunting decreased significantly among children whose parents more educated (aOR = 0.87, 95 %CI: 0.83–0.91 and 0.87, 95%CI: 0.83–0.9, respectively), who live in urban area, in a province with higher Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, and in a province with higher ratio of professional health worker per 1,000 population aged 0-4 years (aOR = 0.85, 95%CI: 0.81–0.89; 0.89; 95%CI: 0.79–1.00; and 0.99; 95%CI: 0.99–1.00, respectively). The study found that stunting was resulted from a complex interaction of factors, not only at the individual level, but also at household and community levels. The study findings indicate that interventions should implement multi-level approaches to address various factors from the community to the individual level.
Identifying the Weak Foundation of Public Health Resilience forNational Disaster Policy in Indonesia’s Mid-term DevelopmentAgenda 2015–2019: A Policy Content Analysis Warsito, Gita Miranda; Budiharsana, Meiwita; Burns, Sharyn
Kesmas Vol. 15, No. 2
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Abstract

Indonesia is one of the most susceptible nations toward natural disasters in the world. Since 1992, approximately 37 tsunami incidents have occurred inIndonesia, with at least 1,244 cases of natural disasters during 2018. Despite the overwhelming impact of disasters on Indonesia, Public Health Resilience,as an approach to disaster countermeasures, has been poorly elaborated in Indonesia’s development agenda (National Mid-term Development Plan (NMDP),or Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional (RPJMN), 2015 - 2019). By utilizing the method of policy content analysis, this study aimed to analyzethe policy background of Public Health Resilience against disasters in the NMDP 2015 - 2019 and National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA)’s, orBadan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana (BNPB),Strategic Plan 2015 - 2019. The results showed that the NMDP 2015 - 2019 and NDMA‘s Strategic Plan2015 - 2019 lack the scientific background for Public Health Resilience building in Indonesia. Enhancing the scientific background in these plans will enhancefocus on evidence-based Public Health Resilience establishment.
Benson's Relaxation Therapy and Sleep Quality among Elderlyat a Social Institution in Inakaka, Indonesia Marasabessy, Nur Baharia; Herawati, Lucky; Achmad, Irhamdi
Kesmas Vol. 15, No. 2
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Abstract

Serious sleep disturbances among elderlies include attention or memory disorders, depression and often fall. A quasi experimental study design with pre-posttest with control group was performed to determine effect of Benson’s relaxation therapy on sleep quality among the elderly, and influences of sex, age anddisease suffered differences. Of a total of 46 elderlies from a Social Institute in Ambon, 29 were taken for the treatment group and 19 for the control group.The treatment group was interfered with Benson’s breathing relaxation for 14 days. Sleep quality was measured using Pittsburg sleep quality index form. Datawere analyzed using independent t-test and multivariate of variance with signifinat level 0.05. This study found that Benson’s relaxation therapy was able toimprove significantly the elderly sleep quality (p-value = 0.046), and no significant difference between sex, age and disease suffered in elderly sleep quality(p-value > 0.05). The Benson’s relaxation therapy was able to improve the elderly sleep quality especially in Inakaka Social Institution.
Effects of Climbing Choice, Demographic, and Climate on Walking Behavior Ekawati, Febriani Fajar; Eves, Frank Francis
Kesmas Vol. 15, No. 2
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Abstract

Walking is a public health recommendation to increase physical activity. Although walking for transport is associated with health benefits, it is frequently avoided when a mechanized alternative is available and when the weather or individuals’ available resources are unfavorable. The present quasi-experimental study used chosen walking speed to estimate the use of resources by pedestrians and investigated 730 pedestrians’ behavior when approaching a choice point between a short stair and a ramp at an exit from a university campus toward the local train station on six separate days. Results revealed that individuals who climbed the stairs walked faster than those who chose the ramp. In addition, females and those who were overweight walked slower than their comparator groups. Temperature was associated with walking behavior; as temperature increased, the walking speed of pedestrians decreased. Moreover, the purpose of walking is an important determinant of walking speed. Minimization of time to arrive at the train station as quickly as possible is a plausible alternative explanation for the effects of resource allocation on walking speed.
Religious Leader’s Support toward Individual at Risk ofHIV/AIDS to Attend Voluntary Counselling and Testing Service Manurung, Imelda Februati Ester; Wahyuni, Chatarina Umbul; Probandari, Ari
Kesmas Vol. 15, No. 2
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Abstract

Religious leader is a figure who is believed to have the gift of healing. A person with illness will follow any advice the religious leader gives for his/her recovery.Based on the phenomenon, religious leader is a potential local figure to give support for individuals at risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) andacquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). This study aimed to determine factors related to religious leader’s support toward individuals at risk of HIV andAIDS to attend voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) service. This study was an observational analytical with cross-sectional design. The population of thisstudy was religious leader in Kupang City. The sample size was 70 people selected through random sampling technique. The data were collected using questionnaire and analyzed using chi-square and multiple logistic regression test. Factors significantly related to the religious leaders supports’ for individuals atrisk of HIV and AIDS to get VCT were knowledge (OR = 9.01; 95% CI = 1.73 - 47.07), servant leadership (OR = 11.67; 95% CI = 2.44 - 55.84, trust (OR =11.55; 95% CI = 2.35 - 56.70) and perception (OR = 6.12; 95% CI = 1.26 - 29.71). Social capital had no significant effect on the religious leader support’s (OR= 1.06; 95% CI = 0.22 - 5.12). It is necessary to improve religious leader’s knowledge of HIV and AIDS.
Myths about Menstrual Personal Hygiene among Female Adolescents Palupi, Tyas Diah; Pristya, Terry Y.R.; Novirsa, Randy
Kesmas Vol. 15, No. 2
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Poor personal hygiene during menstruation among adolescents can lead to urinary tract infection, reproductive tract infection, and skin irritation. This studyaimed to determine the relationship between belief in myths and personal hygiene during menstruation. Cross-sectional quantitative study was conductedusing a sample of 119 10th grade female students from Tangerang 13 State Senior High School selected through purposive sampling. Logistic regressionanalysis was used in this study to determine the relationship between myths and personal hygiene after age of menarche, attitude, socioeconomic status,information, and maternal education were controlled. In the bivariate selection, modeling was completed by entering confounding and interaction variablesthen reducing the confounding variables by examining changes in the odds ratio. Results showed that the students who believed the myths were 3.7 timesmore likely to not practice personal hygiene during menstruation compared with those who did not believe the myths after attitude and status socioeconomicstatus were controlled. No interaction was observed between the myths and socioeconomic status.
Adaptation and Validation of the Tamil (Sri Lanka) Version ofthe Montreal Cognitive Assessment Coonghe, Pethirupillai Amal Dinesh; Fonseka, Pushpa; Sivayogan, Sampasivamoorthy; Keshavaraj, Ajantha; Malhotra, Rahul; Ostbye, Truls
Kesmas Vol. 15, No. 2
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Abstract

The study aimed to develop the Tamil (Sri Lanka) version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and investigate its reliability and validity as a briefscreening tool for mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Tamil-speaking Sri Lankan elderly with normal cognition and MCI were recruited from a neurology clinic.Adaptation of the English MoCA to the Tamil (Sri Lanka) involved context-specific content modification and translation. The content validity, reliability, sensitivity,and specificity of the tool were evaluated. Study participants were 184 older adults, comprising 85 with normal cognition and 99 neurologist-diagnosed MCI.The tool had high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.83). Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses showed an area under the curve of 0.87(95% CI = 0.83 - 0.91) for detecting MCI. The optimal cut-off score for detection of MCI was 23/24, yielded a sensitivity and specificity of 84.7% and 76.4%,respectively. The Tamil (Sri Lankan) version of the MoCA maintains its core diagnostic properties rendering it a valid and reliable tool for screening of MCIamong Tamil speaking Sri Lankan older adults.

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