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Forest and Nature
Published by Green Insight Solutions
ISSN : -     EISSN : 31101380     DOI : https://doi.org/10.63357
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Social, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Forest and Nature is an international journal dedicated to publishing high-quality research in forestry, ecosystems, and nature conservation, serving as a vital platform for academics, researchers, and practitioners to share insights and contribute to sustainable environmental practices. The journal welcomes research articles, review articles, commentary, perspectives, and short communications with strong academic rigor, addressing a global audience of researchers, forest managers, policymakers, and conservation practitioners. It covers a broad range of topics, including forest ecology, biodiversity conservation, sustainable forest management, ecosystem services, climate change adaptation, forest restoration, and nature-based solutions.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Kehutanan
Articles 30 Documents
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Navigating the Forest: A Bibliometric Analysis of FSC Certification Research with Implications for Indonesia Medita Hermawan; Wahyu Hidayat
Forest and Nature Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Green Insight Solutions

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63357/fornature.v2i1.32

Abstract

Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certification is one of the most influential voluntary instruments for promoting sustainable forest management worldwide, yet limited bibliometric and structured reviews have systematically examined how scientific interest in this topic has evolved. This study maps the structure, growth, and thematic development of FSC certification research, assesses Indonesia’s position within the global research network, and identifies implications for future studies. A bibliometric analysis was conducted using 752 publications indexed in the Scopus database from 1996 to 2026. Metadata normalization was performed using OpenRefine; quantitative indicators were calculated with Bibliomagika®, and collaboration patterns and keyword networks were visualized using VOSviewer. The dataset comprised contributions from 2,415 authors, with 642 publications generating 17,961 citations, resulting in an h-index of 64 and a g-index of 103. Peer-reviewed journal articles dominated the literature (76.06%), indicating strong academic consolidation. Keyword co-occurrence analysis revealed major research clusters focused on forest management, sustainability, certification, ecosystem services, and deforestation. Collaboration networks analysis showed that North American and European institutions play dominant roles, whereas countries with extensive FSC implementation, such as Indonesia, remain weakly connected to the global research network. One key finding is the limited academic attention to recent governance innovations within the FSC,  notably the Regional Forest Stewardship Standards for Smallholders (RFSS) and the Remedy Framework, despite Indonesia being a key implementation context. This study concludes that FSC certification research has developed into a robust, multidisciplinary field, yet important gaps persist. Addressing these gaps, particularly through empirical studies on new FSC policies in tropical forest regions, represents a significant opportunity for future research. Indonesia holds a unique position and should capitalize on it to contribute empirical evidence on the outcomes of these new FSC policies.
Sustaining Customary Forest Governance in Indonesia: A Systematic Literature Review of Legal Recognition and Functional Authority in Riau Province Eno Suwarno; Muhammad Rawa El Amady; Nurul Qomar; Emi Roslinda
Forest and Nature Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): January
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63357/fornature.v2i1.31

Abstract

Despite global recognition of their crucial role, indigenous institutions in Riau Province, Indonesia, face intense pressure from agribusiness expansion, revealing a critical gap between constitutional recognition and functional authority in customary forest governance. This study aims to analyze the structural and functional roles of customary institutions in Riau’s forest management and identify challenges and opportunities for their integration into national policy. Using a systematic qualitative literature review and content analysis, it synthesizes evidence from literature (2000-2025). The research findings are quite striking: Customary institutions in Riau play a very significant strategic role. They regulate ecological-spiritual zoning, enforce laws based on customary norms, and resolve conflicts restoratively. These functions are clearly essential elements for sustainable forest management. However, the gap remains. On the one hand, recognition of land ownership rights is indeed growing. However, the formal integration of customary institutions into state institutions remains very limited. The results of this study concluded that the goal of community-based forest management must go beyond mere recognition of land rights. It needs to encourage the emergence of hybrid governance. To achieve equitable and sustainable forest management—both in Riau Province, Indonesia and in the global context—bridging the gap between legal recognition and truly effective customary institutional authority is essential.
Emerging Trends and Knowledge Structure in Indonesian Forest Management: A Bibliometric Analysis Dewi Risnawati
Forest and Nature Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): January
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63357/fornature.v2i1.33

Abstract

Indonesia’s tropical forests are central to global climate mitigation, biodiversity conservation, and the livelihoods of forest-dependent communities. However, forest management research in Indonesia remains fragmented and insufficiently synthesized, constraining its contribution to coherent scientific development and evidence-based policy. This study addresses this gap by systematically mapping research trends and knowledge structures in Indonesian forest management studies from 1986 to 2025. A total of 756 publications indexed in Scopus under the keywords “Forest Management” and “Indonesia” were analyzed using descriptive bibliometrics and science-mapping techniques, including co-authorship and co-citation analysis with VOSviewer. Research output increased markedly after 2015, with more than 80 articles published between 2021 and 2024. Keyword co-occurrence analysis identified five principal thematic clusters: ecological–silvicultural research; climate change and carbon dynamics; governance and community forestry; spatial and regional analysis; and geographically focused case studies. Overlay visualization reveals a temporal shift from early emphases on logging, timber production, and tropical forest ecology to mid-period attention on deforestation, carbon accounting, and Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD), and more recently toward governance-oriented themes such as community forestry, participation, and policy implementation after 2018. The knowledge structure is influenced by a limited number of prominent authors and institutions, supported by strong international collaboration networks, and increasingly framed within sustainable and adaptive forest management, community-based approaches, and social–ecological systems perspectives. Despite thematic progress, significant gaps remain, including limited longitudinal policy impact evaluation, weak integration of socio-ecological and spatial analyses, underrepresentation of regions such as Papua, and insufficient development of operational forest management models. This study offers the first multidimensional synthesis of Indonesian forest management research and underscores the need for integrated, community-responsive strategies to strengthen future policy and practice.
Random Mixture Agroforestry Pattern: Economic Value for the Engkangin Village Community Emi Roslinda; Bella Talita; Togar Fernando Manurung
Forest and Nature Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): January
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63357/fornature.v2i1.35

Abstract

Traditional agroforestry systems developed by local communities play an important role in sustaining livelihoods and reducing pressure on protected forests, yet their economic significance and structural characteristics remain under-documented. This study analyzes the structure, composition, and livelihood contribution of a traditional random-mixture agroforestry system practiced by forest-adjacent communities in Engkangin Village, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Data were collected in February 2025 through field observations and structured interviews with 68 agroforestry households and analyzed using descriptive and income-based approaches. The system represents a forest-based agroforestry model characterized by a non-systematic spatial arrangement integrating perennial trees, plantation crops, annual crops, and aquaculture components (agrisilviculture and agrosilvofishery). Fifteen commercial commodities were identified, dominated by paddy, oil palm, and rubber. Agroforestry generated a total annual economic value of IDR 2.89 billion. Net agroforestry income accounted for 94.22% of total household earnings, indicating a high dependence on this land-use system for livelihood security. The diversified species composition enables continuous harvests across temporal scales, enhancing income stability and food availability while maintaining tree cover in protected forest landscapes. However, the random spatial configuration limits productivity and management efficiency compared with more structured agroforestry designs. The findings demonstrate that traditional mixed agroforestry can function as a socio-ecological safety net and a locally adapted strategy for sustainable land use. Strengthening technical support, improving planting materials, and enhancing market access could substantially increase both economic returns and ecological benefits. These results provide evidence for integrating community-based agroforestry into rural development and forest conservation policies in tropical regions.
Physical Properties and Sound Absorption Performance of Durian (Durio spp.) Peel-Based Particleboard with Cold-Water Soaking and Density Variation Dina Setyawati; Nurhaida; Catherine Priscilla Buulolo
Forest and Nature Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): January
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63357/fornature.v2i1.38

Abstract

Durian (Durio spp.) peel waste has potential as a lignocellulosic raw material, offering a sustainable pathway for wood-based panel production and acoustic applications. This study evaluates the effects of board density and cold-water soaking pretreatment on the physical properties and sound absorption performance of particleboard manufactured from durian peel particles. Boards were produced at target densities of 0.40 and 0.50 g/cm³ using 15% urea–formaldehyde adhesive, with particle soaking durations of 0, 12, and 24 h. Physical properties were assessed according to JIS A 5908, while acoustic performance was measured using a two-microphone impedance tube across 64–6400 Hz. Results showed that board density significantly influenced moisture content, thickness swelling, and acoustic behavior, whereas cold-water soaking primarily affected dimensional stability and water absorption. Lower-density boards exhibited higher sound absorption due to increased porosity, with the highest absorption coefficient (α = 0.87) obtained at 0.40 g/cm³ after 12 h cold-water soaking at 3150 Hz. All panels met JIS requirements for density, moisture content, and thickness swelling. Sound absorption was generally greater at medium to high frequencies, while higher-density boards demonstrated improved sound insulation but reduced absorption efficiency. According to the ISO classification, the panels ranged from class D to class B, indicating sound absorption capabilities from normal to high. These findings demonstrate that durian peel–based particleboard can serve as a viable, sustainable material for interior acoustic applications while supporting efficient biomass utilization.
Systematic Literature Review on Sustainable Value Chain Transformation of Arenga pinnata in Tropical Bioresource Systems Hiola, Abdul Samad; Hamidun, Marini Susanti; Febryano, Indra Gumay
Forest and Nature Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): April
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63357/fornature.v2i2.34

Abstract

Aren (Arenga pinnata) has emerged as a multifunctional tropical species. It has the potential to contribute to sustainable value chain development, the circular bioeconomy, and rural livelihoods. Nevertheless, existing literature remains fragmented and addresses ecological, technological, and governance dimensions in isolation. This study systematically reviews the literature on the sustainable value chain transformation of A. pinnata within tropical bioresource systems. It identifies factors influencing its transition from a traditional multipurpose palm to a strategic bioresource platform. A systematic literature review was conducted through a structured process. The steps included search, screening, eligibility assessment, data extraction, and thematic synthesis. The review combined empirical studies with broader literature on circular bioeconomy, value chain restructuring, social sustainability, and governance. The analysis covered four thematic domains: upstream resource systems, midstream processing and upgrading, downstream diversification, and market or institutional alignment. The review shows that A. pinnata can drive transformative change. This is due to its multifunctionality, ecological adaptability, and diverse product pathways. Upstream research highlights its role in agroforestry, biodiversity-linked landscapes, and livelihood systems. Midstream studies identify opportunities for product stabilization, fermentation, and process improvement. Downstream investigations show promising use in thermoplastic starch, composites, functional biomaterials, and circular by-products. However, integration among these advances is weak. Technical innovation often outpaces commercialization and governance. Value distribution, coordination, and inclusion also remain underdeveloped. The study concludes that the sustainable transformation of A. pinnata requires integrating resource sustainability, technological upgrading, and market or institutional alignment. This review offers an integrated framework for understanding aren-based transformation and identifies priorities for future research on commercialization, circularity, and inclusive tropical bioresource development.
Integrating Agroforestry and Aquaculture: Effects of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract on Growth Performance of White Snapper (Lates calcarifer) Mefida, Lidya Ika; Nurcahyani, Nuning; Azizah, Enur; Sutyarso
Forest and Nature Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): April
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63357/fornature.v2i2.37

Abstract

The integration of agroforestry and aquaculture systems has been increasingly explored to improve resource utilization and support sustainable food production. This study evaluates the potential of moringa (Moringa oleifera), a multifunctional agroforestry species, as a feed supplement for white snapper (Lates calcarifer). An experimental study was conducted using a completely randomized design with four dietary treatments: 0% (control), 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% moringa leaf extract supplementation, each with three replicates, over a 28-day rearing period. Growth performance, including absolute length and weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), survival rate (SR), and feed conversion ratio (FCR), was measured. The results showed that fish receiving moringa-supplemented feed generally exhibited higher growth values compared to the control. The highest average weight gain was observed in the 5% treatment (9.28 g), while the highest SGR was recorded in the 2.5% treatment (4.79% day⁻¹). Survival rates in all supplemented treatments reached 100%, compared to 90% in the control group, indicating favorable culture conditions and no adverse effects of supplementation. FCR values across treatments remained above 2, suggesting relatively low feed utilization efficiency. This may be related to the carnivorous feeding characteristics of white snapper, which can limit the effective use of plant-based feed components. Water quality parameters, including temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen, remained within acceptable ranges throughout the study. This study provides empirical evidence supporting the integration of agroforestry biomass into aquaculture feed systems. The use of moringa as a locally available, renewable resource contributes to circular nutrient flows, reduces reliance on imported feed ingredients, and promotes environmentally sustainable aquaculture practices. These findings advance the development of integrated agroforestry–aquaculture systems as resilient and eco-efficient production models in tropical regions.
Integration of Local Knowledge and Adaptive Practices in Small-Island Water Governance: An Ethnohydrological Study of Negeri Soya, Ambon, Indonesia Parera, Silvia; Latuamury, Bokiraiya; Marasabessy, Husain
Forest and Nature Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): April
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63357/fornature.v2i2.41

Abstract

Water resource sustainability in tropical small-island environments is increasingly challenged by ecological degradation, seasonal variability, and limited infrastructure, particularly in areas where springs serve as the primary freshwater source. In customary forest landscapes, water governance is embedded in local knowledge systems, ritual practices, and community institutions that regulate resource use while supporting ecosystem conservation. This study examines how local knowledge, customary institutions, and adaptive practices contribute to spring conservation and community-based water governance in Negeri Soya, Ambon, Indonesia. Employing a convergent mixed-method approach, the research combines ethnographic techniques—comprising in-depth interviews, participant observation, and visual documentation—with quantitative analysis using the Chi-square test. The findings reveal that water governance is structured through a culturally embedded system in which ritual practices, traditional artifacts, and hierarchical customary institutions collectively regulate access, maintain water quality, and support spring conservation. Quantitative results indicate that customary sanctions and temporary access restrictions are the most influential mechanisms in ensuring compliance under ecological and social pressures, while deliberation and knowledge transmission contribute to long-term system resilience. The study also identifies the role of simple monitoring tools, such as manual flow observation and recording, in strengthening adaptive responses to seasonal variability. Furthermore, artifacts such as Perigi Soya, Tempayan Soya, and communal storage facilities function not only as physical infrastructure but also as socio-ecological interfaces reinforcing governance legitimacy. The results demonstrate that water management in Negeri Soya operates as a multi-layered socio-ecological system integrating ecological signals with socially legitimate decision-making processes. This research contributes to the advancement of ethnohydrology by providing empirical evidence of how culturally embedded practices and low-cost technologies can support sustainable, community-based water governance in vulnerable small-island environments. 
Integrating Conservation and Ecotourism within Community-Based Mangrove Management: Empirical Evidence from Sawinggrai, Raja Ampat Tampubolon, Novelina; Saranga, Novelin; Kaber, Yuanike; Munawir, Yusril
Forest and Nature Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): April
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63357/fornature.v2i2.43

Abstract

Mangrove ecosystems play a crucial role in maintaining coastal stability while supporting local welfare through environmental services and sustainable economic opportunities. In archipelagic regions such as Raja Ampat, integrating mangrove conservation with community-based ecotourism is a strategic necessity; however, this approach often faces complex institutional and governance challenges. A significant research gap remains in understanding how the nuanced interactions among subsystems within the social–ecological system (SES)—specifically the interplay between resource units, governance systems, and actors—determine long-term sustainability. This study addresses this gap by assessing the biophysical status of mangroves and community dynamics in Sawinggrai Village to develop an integrated, community-based management model. Using a qualitative explanatory case study with a participatory approach, data were collected from 50 stakeholders through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and field observations. Data were analyzed using an interactive qualitative framework, strengthened by an SES perspective to capture the feedback loops between social and ecological components. The findings reveal that although mangrove ecosystems remain in relatively good biophysical condition with low to moderate anthropogenic pressure, the system’s stability is precarious. Strong customary institutions and high community awareness coexist with limited formal regulatory structures and unequal access to ecotourism benefits. A key contribution of this study lies in demonstrating that inequitable benefit-sharing functions as a critical mediating variable that weakens collective action and, consequently, ecological sustainability. To address this, the study proposes an integrative management model that aligns ecosystem protection, institutional strengthening, and equitable benefit-sharing within a dynamic SES framework. This model advances both theory and practice by offering a scalable approach for reconciling livelihood needs with conservation objectives.
Structure, Composition, and Environmental Conditions of Rehabilitated Mangrove Forests in Kupang Bay, Indonesia Matatula, Jeriels; Pathibang, Meilyn Renny
Forest and Nature Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): April
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63357/fornature.v2i2.45

Abstract

Mangrove rehabilitation is widely implemented to restore degraded coastal ecosystems; however, post-restoration stand development and its environmental controls remain insufficiently understood. This study assessed species composition, stand structure, diversity, and environmental drivers of growth in rehabilitated mangrove forests on the northern coast of Kupang Bay, Indonesia. Vegetation data were collected using systematic sampling across nine permanent plots, covering growth stages from seedlings to trees, and analyzed using the importance value index (IVI), Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H'), and species richness index. Environmental variables, including salinity, mud thickness, pH, and slope, were measured to evaluate their influence on mangrove growth using multiple linear regression. A total of eight mangrove species were identified, with Avicennia marina dominating at the seedling stage (IVI 123.48%) and Sonneratia alba dominating at the sapling (IVI 93.86%), pole (IVI 146.83%), and tree stages (IVI 104.10%). Overall species diversity was moderate (H′ = 1.16), while species richness was low, indicating limited compositional complexity despite successful establishment. Environmental conditions were within suitable ranges for mangrove growth, with a mean salinity of 28.68 ppt, pH 7.19, mud thickness 71.97 cm, and slope 2.08%. Regression analysis showed that environmental variables explained 51% of the variation in growth (R² = 0.51), with mud thickness and pH exerting significant positive effects, whereas salinity and slope were not significant predictors. These findings demonstrate that rehabilitated mangrove forests can achieve structurally stable communities under favorable environmental conditions; however, species diversity remains constrained. The results highlight the importance of substrate characteristics and soil chemistry in shaping restoration outcomes and provide critical insights for improving mangrove management and rehabilitation strategies in tropical coastal ecosystems.

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