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Center for Integrative International Studies Laboratory, Faculty of Political and Social Sciences, State Islamic University (UIN) Sunan Ampel Surabaya Address: Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno Street No. 682, Gununganyar, Surabaya, Indonesia, Postal Code 60294, Phone (031) 8479384, Fax (031) 8413300 (Zaky), E-mail: jiir@uinsa.ac.id
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Journal of Integrative International Relations
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel
ISSN : 24773557     EISSN : 27970345     DOI : https://doi.org/10.15642/jiir
Core Subject : Humanities, Social,
Humanities Social Sciences
Journal of Integrative International Relations (JIIR) published by Center for Integrative International Studies Laboratory, Faculty of Political and Social Sciences, State Islamic University of Sunan Ampel Surabaya in association with The Indonesian Islamic Studies and International Relations Association (INSIERA). The journal published multi-disciplinary, inter-disciplinary, and trans-disciplinary approach articles on various issues in the field of International Relations. Special attention is given to the acedemic articles related to Islamic Integration methodology which synthesis critically between Islamic Studies and International Relations.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Politik dan Hubungan Internasional
Articles 83 Documents
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Upaya Meningkatkan Keamanan Lingkungan Pelestarian dan Pengembangan Ekowisata Hutan Mangrove Wonorejo: melalui Kerja Sama Green Sister City Surabaya – Kitakyushu Arizki Putri Candelaria
Journal of Integrative International Relations Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): November
Publisher : Center for Integrative International Studies Laboratory, Faculty of Political and Social Sciences, UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/jiir.2024.9.2.82-94

Abstract

The city of Surabaya faces various environmental issues, including air pollution, water contamination, and waste management. Addressing these problems requires a holistic approach through the utilization of vegetative areas, such as mangrove forests, which have many essential functions for the environment and human life. In an effort to conserve the mangrove forests in Surabaya, the city has established a partnership with Kitakyushu, Japan, which has successfully overcome similar environmental crises in the past. This research aims to examine how the experiences and successes of Kitakyushu can be applied in Surabaya to develop mangrove forest ecotourism, with the goal of improving environmental quality and community well-being. The methodology used is qualitative-descriptive, with data collected through interviews and document analysis. The research findings indicate that Kitakyushu's successful experience in addressing environmental issues serves as an inspiration for Surabaya. This collaboration includes various mangrove forest conservation programs and ecotourism development, which have successfully enhanced environmental quality and public awareness. In conclusion, international cooperation through paradiplomacy, such as this sister city relationship, can be an effective model for addressing environmental issues and improving local community welfare. Kota Surabaya menghadapi berbagai permasalahan lingkungan, termasuk polusi udara, pencemaran air, dan pengelolaan sampah. Penanganan masalah ini membutuhkan pendekatan holistik melalui pemanfaatan kawasan vegetasi, seperti hutan mangrove, yang memiliki banyak fungsi penting bagi lingkungan dan kehidupan manusia. Dalam upaya melestarikan hutan mangrove di Surabaya, kota ini menjalin Kerjasama sister city dengan Kitakyushu, Jepang, yang telah berhasil mengatasi krisis lingkungan serupa di masa lalu. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji bagaimana pengalaman dan keberhasilan Kitakyushu dapat diterapkan di Surabaya untuk mengembangkan ekowisata hutan mangrove, guna meningkatkan kualitas lingkungan dan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif-deskriptif, dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan penelusuran dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengalaman sukses Kitakyushu dalam mengatasi permasalahan lingkungan menjadi inspirasi bagi Surabaya. Kerjasama ini mencakup berbagai program pelestarian hutan mangrove dan pengembangan ekowisata, yang berhasil meningkatkan kualitas lingkungan dan kesadaran masyarakat. Kesimpulannya, kerjasama internasional melalui paradiplomasi, seperti hubungan sister city ini, dapat menjadi model efektif dalam mengatasi isu-isu lingkungan dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat lokal.
Perbandingan Keunggulan Kompetitif Google dan Baidu di tengah Kebijakan the Great Firewall of China Nur Luthfi Hidayatullah
Journal of Integrative International Relations Vol. 6 No. 2 (2021): November
Publisher : Center for Integrative International Studies Laboratory, Faculty of Political and Social Sciences, UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/jiir.2021.6.2.113-124

Abstract

Penelitian deskriptif kualitatif ini bertujuan membandingkan keunggulan kompetitif Google dibandingkan dengan perusahaan mesin pencarian lokal, Baidu di tengah kebijakan the Great Firewall of China di Tiongkok. Penulis berargumen bahwa Google dan Baidu memiliki keunggulan kompetitif masing-masing, baik dari segi efektivitas operasional maupun posisi strategis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, dengan sumber data sekunder. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa Baidu memiliki keunggulan kompetitif dari segi layanan sesuai karakter masyarakat lokal, menawarkan manfaat, keunikan produksi, elemen perusahaan yang saling melengkapi, dan kesinambungan tujuan. Di sisi lain, Google memiliki keunggulan kompetitif dari segi bekerja sama dengan perusahaan lokal, menentukan tujuan dan fitur produk.
Operasi Taufan Al-Aqsa 2023: Analisis Dinamika Strategi Perang Hamas terhadap Israel Arizki Putri Candelaria
Journal of Integrative International Relations Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): May
Publisher : Center for Integrative International Studies Laboratory, Faculty of Political and Social Sciences, UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/jiir.2025.10.1.78-89

Abstract

The Al-Aqsa Flood Operation launched by Hamas on October 7, 2023, marked a significant shift in Hamas’s warfare strategy against Israel. This study analyzes the dynamics of Hamas’s war strategy during the operation using the concepts of asymmetric warfare and guerrilla strategy. The research adopts a qualitative-descriptive approach, employing documentation techniques from various primary and secondary sources. The findings indicate that Hamas developed a more coordinated guerrilla tactic, including the use of tunnels, deception, ambushes, sabotage, as well as new tactics such as saturation attacks, drone strikes, and propaganda. This operation had not only military impacts on Israel but also broad political and social consequences. Hamas succeeded in exploiting weaknesses in Israeli intelligence and leveraged geopolitical momentum to strengthen its position in the prolonged conflict with Israel. Operasi Taufan Al-Aqsa yang dilancarkan oleh Hamas pada 7 Oktober 2023 menandai perubahan signifikan dalam strategi perang Hamas terhadap Israel. Penelitian ini menganalisis dinamika strategi perang Hamas dalam operasi tersebut dengan menggunakan konsep perang asimetris dan strategi gerilya. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif-deskriptif dengan teknik dokumentasi dari berbagai sumber primer dan sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Hamas mengembangkan taktik gerilya yang lebih terkoordinasi, termasuk penggunaan terowongan, deception, ambush, sabotase, serta taktik baru seperti saturation attack, drone attack, dan propaganda. Operasi ini tidak hanya berdampak pada Israel secara militer tetapi juga memiliki konsekuensi politik dan sosial yang luas. Hamas mampu mengeksploitasi kelemahan intelijen Israel dan memanfaatkan momen geopolitik untuk memperkuat posisinya dalam konflik berkepanjangan dengan Israel.
Forging New Frontiers: Indonesia's Automotive Interests in the Indonesia-Mozambique Preferential Trade Agreement Ilham Dary Athallah; Hayara Khairia; Tsabita Husna
Journal of Integrative International Relations Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): May
Publisher : Center for Integrative International Studies Laboratory, Faculty of Political and Social Sciences, UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/jiir.2025.10.1.1-26

Abstract

This study investigates Indonesia's strategic interest in prioritizing the automotive sector within the Indonesia-Mozambique Preferential Trade Agreement (IM-PTA), its inaugural African bilateral pact. Contrasting with the agreement's dominant agricultural focus reflected in the tariff schedules for both nations, as both countries have plenty of competitive advantages in the agricultural sectors, this paper explores the unique phenomenon of Indonesia lobbying for the automotive sector as part of the manufacturing industry. Employing Neoclassical Realism (NCR) through a qualitative case study, we analyze how systemic pressures—including global trade uncertainties and Africa's market potential—interacted with domestic variables like elite vision (President Jokowi's economic diplomacy), state capacity, and automotive industry influence. Findings suggest the automotive focus emerged from a convergence of leadership goals and industry requirements. Mozambique was selected due to  potential as a strategic gateway. Conclusively, NCR provides a robust framework explaining this foreign economic policy decision as an outcome of interacting systemic and domestic influences.
Eksploitasi Pekerja Migran dalam Persiapan Piala Dunia FIFA 2022 di Qatar: Antara Reformasi dan Realitas Kusmawardany Zainuddin; Imam Ghazali
Journal of Integrative International Relations Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025): May
Publisher : Center for Integrative International Studies Laboratory, Faculty of Political and Social Sciences, UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/jiir.2025.10.1.27-47

Abstract

Abstract Qatar’s appointment as a host of the 2022 FIFA World Cup brought global attention not only to the splendor of the sporting event, but also to the issue of exploitation of migrant workers involved in infrastructure development. This research aims to identify the forms of exploitation experienced by migrant workers, evaluate the effectiveness of labor reforms undertaken by the Qatari government, and assess FIFA’s responsibility and the role of the international community in addressing this issue. Using a descriptive qualitative approach and desk study analysis of reports from international organizations and credible media, the research is grounded in three main theoretical frameworks: global inequality (dependency theory), structural power theory, and human rights in the context of global citizenship. The results of this study show that although Qatar has claimed to reform, exploitation practices such as wage delays, dangerous working conditions, and restrictions on freedom still occur systematically. The reforms carried out tend to be normative and are not accompanied by effective supervision and law enforcement. Meanwhile, FIFA and the international community have not shown a strong commitment to ensure the protection of workers’ rights. This research emphasizes the need for deeper structural reforms and accountability from international institutions to prevent similar exploitation in the future. Abstrak Penunjukan Qatar sebagai tuan rumah Piala Dunia FIFA 2022 membawa sorotan global tidak hanya pada kemegahan ajang olahraga tersebut, tetapi juga pada isu eksploitasi pekerja migran yang terlibat dalam pembangunan infrastruktur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi bentuk-bentuk ekspolitasi yang dialami pekerja migran, mengevaluasi efektivitas reformasi ketenagakerjaan yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah Qatar, serta menilai tanggung jawab FIFA dan peran komunitas internasional dalam menangani permasalahan ini. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan analisis studi literature dari laporan organisasi internasional dan media kredibel, penelitian ini berpijak pada tiga kerangka teori utama: ketimpangan global (dependency theory), kekuasaan struktural (structural power theory), dan hak asasi manusia dalam konteks kewarganegaraan global. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun Qatar telah mengklaim melakukan reformasi, praktik eksploitasi seperti keterlambatan upah, kondisi kerja berbahaya, hingga pembatasan kebebasan masih terjadi secara sistemik. Reformasi yang dilakukan cenderung normatif dan tidak diiringi dengan pengawasan serta penegakan hukum yang efektif. Sementara itu, FIFA dan komunitas internasional belum menunjukkan komitmen yang kuat dalam menjamin perlindungan hak kerja. Penelitian ini menegaskan perlunya reformasi struktural yang lebih mendalam dan akuntabilitas dari lembaga internasional untuk mencegah eksploitasi serupa di masa mendatang.
Diplomasi Ekonomi Indonesia Dalam Meningkatkan Hilirisasi Industri Nikel Pasca Larangan Ekspor Bijih Nikel (2020-2024) Tantri Maria Anindita; Triesanto Romulo Simanjuntak; Roberto Octavianus Cornelis Seba
Journal of Integrative International Relations Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): November
Publisher : Center for Integrative International Studies Laboratory, Faculty of Political and Social Sciences, UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/jiir.2025.10.2.136-156

Abstract

This study describes Indonesia's economic diplomacy strategy for promoting the nickel industry downstream following the implementation of the nickel ore export ban policy in 2020. The author will review Indonesia's economic diplomacy efforts or strategies in promoting the nickel industry downstream following the 2020 nickel ore export ban using the concepts of economic diplomacy and dependency theory. The author employs a qualitative approach through a literature review. This study found that Indonesia's economic diplomacy employs a combination of bilateral and multilateral approaches, including establishing cooperation with key partners such as China and South Korea. This diplomacy is carried out to maintain the downstream policy and attract foreign investment to develop the nickel processing sector. Despite facing challenges from the European Union through the WTO, Indonesia remains determined to maintain this policy aiming to create domestic added value and reducing dependence on raw material exports. These findings demonstrate how economic diplomacy serves as an effective instrument in achieving Indonesia's national interests.
Navigating Indonesia’s Engagement with China’s Belt and Road Initiative: Strategic Leverage Analysis Isti Nur Rahmahwati; Budi Riyanto
Journal of Integrative International Relations Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): November
Publisher : Center for Integrative International Studies Laboratory, Faculty of Political and Social Sciences, UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/jiir.2025.10.2.90-117

Abstract

This study analyzes Indonesia’s engagement with China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) in the context of strategic leverage, utilizing Maritime Axis narrative as its instrument. Instead of relying on Colley’s and Noort’s buy-in framework, this article develops the interplay of narrative and diplomatic engagement within the framework of strategic leverage. Strategic leverage is an alternative framework unveiling how Indonesia with its middle-level of power proactively and flexibly shape and navigate its engagement with China’s BRI, moving beyond a binary framework of acceptance and rejection of the BRI. The leverage as a bottom-up process is used to pursue strategic goals, balancing the interaction of materialism and ideational dimension. Focusing on Indonesia, this study highlights three forms of leverage: bargaining, investment, and resource leverage. Qualitative methodology is applied in this study, concerning narrative and behavioral analysis. The result is that Indonesia’s engagement with China’s BRI is part of the country’s strategic leveraging cycle rather solely a buy-in behavior as proposed by Colley and Noort.
British’s Bush On The Iberian Peninsula: Analisis Sekuritisasi Inggris Terhadap Sovereignty & Dilema Keanggotaan Schengen Gibraltar Pasca-Brexit Aura Azzahra Adriesa; Wishnu Mahendra Wiswayana
Journal of Integrative International Relations Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): November
Publisher : Center for Integrative International Studies Laboratory, Faculty of Political and Social Sciences, UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/jiir.2025.10.2.180-210

Abstract

This study examines the securitization strategy advanced by the UK government concerning Gibraltar’s sovereignty and its fraught relationship with Schengen membership in the post-Brexit period. The research focuses on border control methods and official statements and how Gibraltarians react to these measures as their main point of object referent. The research establishes new knowledge through its investigation of speech acts and public opinions and its evaluation of state actions which convert border matters into national security threats. The research uses qualitative case-study methodology to analyze secondary documents which include official statements and legislative instruments such as the Protocol on Gibraltar and related agreements and media reports and discourse analysis. The research reveals three connected systems which work together to achieve their goals: (1) Speech acts serve to validate British control over UK Overseas Territory; (2) Gibraltarians support British sovereignty yet they want to maintain their European freedom of movement; (3) The UK implements three exceptional border control systems which combine military patrols with dual identification checks and special border procedures to defend their sovereignty while creating more travel obstacles. The research establishes a direct link between political statements and actual border changes and institutional developments which shows that securitization like used as function to maintain current sovereignty structures (status quo) instead of creating lasting solutions for border movement. The research results include vital policy recommendations which impact multilevel negotiations that occur on the Iberian Peninsula
Dampak Kerjasama Kontraterorisme Filipina – Amerika Serikat di Mindanao (2022-2023) Senia Nur Agista; Gili Argenti
Journal of Integrative International Relations Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): November
Publisher : Center for Integrative International Studies Laboratory, Faculty of Political and Social Sciences, UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/jiir.2025.10.2.118-135

Abstract

This study analyzes the impact of Philippine-US counterterrorism cooperation in Mindanao during the period 2022–2023, using a neoliberal institutionalism approach and the concept of international regimes. The results show that cooperation between the two countries not only survived after the US withdrawal from Afghanistan, but actually intensified through the strengthening of legal frameworks such as EDCA, joint military exercises, and intelligence and capacity building support. This cooperation is symbiotic: the Philippines receives security and economic support, while the US strengthens its influence in the Indo-Pacific region. Although the counterterrorism approach is still dominated by military aspects, there are efforts to address the root causes of the conflict through civil-military programs. This study concludes that the institutionalized cooperation regime has succeeded in creating stability and trust, although its sustainability depends on the ability of both countries to integrate security approaches with economic development in Mindanao.
Advokasi Transnational UN Women terhadap Kekerasan Berbasis Gender Online di Indonesia (2021-2023): Analisis Transnational Advocacy Network (TANs) Maura Putri Rahmat; Made Panji Teguh Santoso
Journal of Integrative International Relations Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025): November
Publisher : Center for Integrative International Studies Laboratory, Faculty of Political and Social Sciences, UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/jiir.2025.10.2.211-129

Abstract

Reports from SAFEnet and Komnas Perempuan indicate a significant increase in Online Gender-Based Violence (OGBV) in Indonesia during 2021-2023. This study addresses the previously under-researched role of UN Women, employing a qualitative case study based on reports from UN Women, Komnas Perempuan, SAFEnet, and government policies. Through Keck and Sikkink's Transnational Advocacy Networks (TANs) framework, this research delineates UN Women's transnational advocacy mechanisms through four core strategies: information, symbolic, leverage, and accountability politics. UN Women functions as a strategic connector that consolidates discourse and pressure across diverse actors disseminating campaigns (#WTFMedia, #OrangeChallenge), partnering with Meta and TikTok, and supporting the passage of the 2022 Sexual Violence Crime Law (UU TPKS). However, its effectiveness is constrained by patriarchal norms, weak law enforcement, and regulatory disharmony. Theoretically, this study expands the application of TANs to intergovernmental organizations, demonstrating that transnational advocacy mechanisms can operate from within global institutional structures, not solely from civil society.

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