Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA)
Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA) publishes high-quality original research articles, review articles, and short communications that contribute substantially to the advancement of knowledge in the field of pharmaceutical sciences and their applications. The journal welcomes interdisciplinary work that integrates basic and applied research relevant to drug discovery, development, and clinical use. Areas of interest include, but are not limited to: Pharmaceutical Technology Pharmaceutics Novel Drug Delivery Systems Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Research Pharmacology and Toxicology Pharmaceutical Analysis Pharmacy Practice Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy Community Pharmacy Cell Biology and Molecular Pharmacology Genomics, Proteomics, and Pharmacogenomics Bioinformatics and Biotechnology The journal is committed to disseminating impactful findings that enhance pharmaceutical knowledge and promote the development of safe, effective, and accessible therapies.
Articles
21 Documents
<![CDATA[Study of Free/Total Morphine-Ratio in Blood After Heroin Intake as a Tool to Predict the Outcome of Heroin-Intoxication: Study of Free/Total Morphine-Ratio in Blood After Heroin Intake as a Tool to Predict the Outcome of Heroin-Intoxication ]]>
<![CDATA[Wirasuta, I M.A.G.]]>;
<![CDATA[Duchstein, H.-J.]]>;
<![CDATA[Kijewski, H.]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol. 1 No. 1 (2012): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Pharmacy Department, Math and Sciences Faculty, Udayana Univerity ]]>
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DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2012.v01.i01.p01
<![CDATA[The time course of free/total morphine ratio (f/t M-ratio) after i.v. heroin administration in both healthy people and patients with liver or renal insufficiency was pharmacokinetically simulated. In the 502 cases of heroin consumption investigated in this study, the morphine blood levels and f/t M-ratio were registered, arranged, and statistically analysed. Total morphine blood levels in survivors and non survivors were 0.010-3.900 µg/ml (with 0-0.275 µg/ml of free morphine) and 0.010-8.570 µg/ml (with 0-2.200 µg/ml of free morphine), respectively. Therefore the respective ranges of f/t M-ratiolevels in survivors and in lethal cases were 0-0.786 and 0-0.935. Based on this simulation, the f/t M-ratio after heroin injection was determined by the time elapsed since the last dose and individual pharmacokinetics of heroin and its metabolites. This ratio is independent to the heroin dose. Keywords: Heroin; Morphine; Lethal intoxication; Pharmacokinetic simulation]]>
<![CDATA[Antibiotics Drug Use Evaluation Among Patients With Kidney Disorder in PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital of Yogyakarta ]]>
<![CDATA[Rilawati, Fentyana Dwi]]>;
<![CDATA[Nugroho, Agung Endro]]>;
<![CDATA[Inayati]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol. 1 No. 1 (2012): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Pharmacy Department, Math and Sciences Faculty, Udayana Univerity ]]>
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DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2012.v01.i01.p02
<![CDATA[Antibiotic that appropriately as used anti-infective has drug a great success in reducing morbidity and mortality rates resulted from various infectious diseases, leading its increasing usage. Antibiotic are generally eliminated through kidney. Patients with kidney disorder, dosage adjustment is recommended for certain antibiotics. This research aims at evaluating the use of antibiotics among patients with kidney disorder in the inpatient wards of PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Yogyakarta. Data collection was done retrospectively based on medical record data of inpatients meeting both inclusion and exclusion criteria in PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Yogyakarta. Data processing was done by using a descriptive analytical technique. Result of the study shows that there were 76 patients with kidney disorder using antibiotics and meet inclusion and exclusion criteria. In this study patients wasn’t shown an indications of infection is aproximately 75,00% (57 patients) and patient with indication infection were 25,00% (19 patients). From those who have an appropriate indication, it is just 21,05% (16 patient) have an appropriate medication, 23,68% (18 patient) is right patient and 22,37% (17 patient) have an appropriate doses. Clinical outcome of those 19 patient is good (14 patient) with inpatient duration less than 7 days for 12 patient. Total 76 patient with renal disorder who received antibiotics, 21,05% (16 patients) have inappropriate doses which is mean there is no doses adjusment according to the creatinine clearance of each patient. Keywords: Antibiotics; Kidney Disorders; Rational Drug; Dose]]>
<![CDATA[Diffusion of Sodium Diclofenac from Carbopol 940 Gel at Various pH ]]>
<![CDATA[Astuti, Ketut Widyani]]>;
<![CDATA[Sumirtapura, Yeyet C.]]>;
<![CDATA[Wiwik S, Ni Nyoman]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol. 1 No. 1 (2012): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Pharmacy Department, Math and Sciences Faculty, Udayana Univerity ]]>
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DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2012.v01.i01.p03
<![CDATA[Diffusion of sodium diclofenac in Carbopol 940 gel has been investigated. Diffusion test was performed in diffusion cells with artificial membranes of Whatman no.1 filter paper which immersed with Spangler solution. Measurement of active ingredient concentration that diffuses was performed using UV spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 277 nm. The results showed that diffusion rate of sodium diclofenac from Carbopol gel increased at higher pH. The highest diffusion of diclofenac sodium occurs at pH 8 with a mean percentage of diclofenac sodium which diffuses after 240 minutes was 48.06 + 4.83%. The mean percentage of diclofenac sodium which diffuses from the gel Carbopol 940 at pH 6 after 240 minutes was 11.47 + 1.71% while the Carbopol 940 gel at pH 7 is 22.44 + 3.71%. Key words: Diffusion; Diclofenac sodium; pH; gel Carbopol 940]]>
<![CDATA[Antihypertensive Drug Use in Patient With Intracerebral Hemorrhage Stroke ]]>
<![CDATA[Larasanty, Luh Putu Febryana]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol. 1 No. 1 (2012): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Pharmacy Department, Math and Sciences Faculty, Udayana Univerity ]]>
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DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2012.v01.i01.p04
<![CDATA[Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) stroke is a type of stroke with the highest mortality rate, with only about 38% of patients who survived for the first year after stroke. Antihypertensive treatment one of the main therapy for reduce the mortality rate in ICH. Based on review from research study journals, peer review journals, guidelines or book about use of antihypertensive drugs in ICH stroke patient and/or hypertensive emergency, uses of nicardipine, labetalol, esmolol and enalapril can be as the first-line therapy to manage acute high blood pressure in intracerebral hemorrhage stroke if there is no contraindication or caution is present. Nicardipine, labetalol, esmolol and enalapril is four agent that reduce blood pressure in a titratable fashion and do not lead increases in intracranial pressure. Hydralazine, sodium nitroprusside and nitroglycerine can be used as alternative agent if nicardipine, labetalol, esmolol and enalapril can not be used in ICH stroke patient. Keywords: Stroke, Intracerebral Hemorrhage, Antihypertensive Agent]]>
<![CDATA[Chitosan Reinforced Alginate Microcapsules Retained The Release of Papain in Simulated Gastric Fluid ]]>
<![CDATA[Arisanti, C.I.S]]>;
<![CDATA[Rachmawati, H]]>;
<![CDATA[Pamudji, J.S.]]>;
<![CDATA[Sumirtapura, Y.C.]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol. 1 No. 1 (2012): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Pharmacy Department, Math and Sciences Faculty, Udayana Univerity ]]>
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DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2012.v01.i01.p05
<![CDATA[Alginate microcapsules were obtained by emulsification/internal gelation technique was chosen as carrier papain and the potential use as an oral controlled release system investigated. Chitosan was then applied as a membrane coat to increase the mechanical and stabilize the microcapsules in simulated gastric fluid. Papain microcapsules consisted of particle size distribution, morphology, entrapment efficiency of papain in the microspheres and release study. The release study was performed in various pHs with or without proteolitic enzyme. Narrow particle size distribution with average of 315-560 µm was obtained from microcapsule prepared with water/oil ratio of 30 : 70, acid/CaCO3 molar ratio of 6 : 1 and agitation speed of 400 rpm. Papain microcapsule with that composition has entrapment efficiency of 95.79%. The release of papain from the alginate-chitosan microcapsule took place trough diffusion and relaxation of polymer at pH 1.2-4.5. The in vitro release studies showed that alginate-chitosan complex formation reduce erosion of alginate-chitosan matrix at pH 6.8. Both pepsin and pankreatin increased release of papain. Alginate-chitosan polyelectrolyte complex occurred on the surface of papain microcapsule controlled the release of papain from microcapsule. The presence of chitosan on the surface of microcapsule retained the release of papain in undesired site (gastric). In conclusion, papain microcapsule developed in this study is suggested to be appropriate approach for oral delivery of papain. Keywords: Papain; Microcapsules; Alginate, Chitosan; Pepsin; Pankreatin]]>
<![CDATA[Effect of Extraction Systems of Cannabinoid From Cannabis Sp on TLCDensitometric Chromatogram Pattern ]]>
<![CDATA[N.M.P. Susanti]]>;
<![CDATA[I M.A.G.Wirasuta]]>;
<![CDATA[I N. K. Widjaja]]>;
<![CDATA[K.W. Astuti]]>;
<![CDATA[N.L.P.V. Paramita]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol. 1 No. 1 (2012): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Pharmacy Department, Math and Sciences Faculty, Udayana Univerity ]]>
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DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2012.v01.i01.p06
<![CDATA[Optimization studies of cannabinoid extraction method of Cannabis sp have been conducted. The aim of this study was to find a marijuana extraction method to identify cannabinoid compounds using TLC–Spectrophotodensitometry technique. This study covers the process of maceration and soxhlet extraction to extract cannabinoid content in marijuana flowers and seeds using methanol PE, and ether as a solvent, followed by a screening test using the TLC- Spectrophotodensitometry method. Confirmation test used Fast Blue B salt to visualize color of the spots. CBN, THC, and CBD can be separated by either using the stationary phase of Al-TLC SI G60 F254 with a mobile phase of hexane - diethylether with the color visualization and Rf value after spraying with Fast Blue B Salt are the CBN will provide the purple-pink color with the HRF 59, THC will provide the purple color with the HRF 66, and the CBD will give orange color with the HRF 73 [1,2]. These results indicate that CBN, THC and CBD can be separated by either using the Al-TLC SI G60 F254 system with a mobile phase of hexanediethylether (80: 20, v / v). Differences in extraction methods affect the pattern of TLCDensitometry chromatogram peak. This effect on the profiling of simplicia. Keywords: Extraction; Cannabinoid; Al-TLC; Spectrophotodensitometry]]>
<![CDATA[IDENTIFICATION OF THERAPY PROFILE AND FACTORS RELATED TO INCIDENCE OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN DENPASAR BALI ]]>
<![CDATA[Annisa Hanum]]>;
<![CDATA[Jaya, Made Krisna Adi]]>;
<![CDATA[I Made Bakta]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol. 2 No. 1 (2020): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Pharmacy Department, Math and Sciences Faculty, Udayana Univerity ]]>
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DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2020.v02.i01.p01
<![CDATA[Background: Tuberculosis is a problem for millions of people around the world. Indonesia as the second biggest country with the highest number of Pulmonary Tuberculosis that treatment has improved gradually. Denpasar is a city with the highest sufferers in Bali. It’s caused by the high rate of population, dense human settlement, and other related factors. Objective: Profiling incident and pulmonary tuberculosis treatment in Denpasar City primary health care. Methods: Observational study with cross-sectional analytic approaches. Forty pulmonary tuberculosis patients and One hundred twenty non-tuberculosis patients were observed in this study. Those were taken by multistage random sampling. Data were collected from medical records and questionnaires. A Chi-Square test was used for analyzing data. Results: Pulmonary tuberculosis sufferers are in productive ages which 65% were men. The treatment profile was excellently seen from the final treatment results of 31 people recovered and 9 people with complete treatment. Factors that have a statistical relation with pulmonary tuberculosis were occupation (p=0,012), income (p=0.003), smoking behavior (p=0.001), and contact history (p=0.001). The other factors with no relationship were education (p=0.270) and occupancy density (p=0.540). Conclusion: Pay attention to the caused factors of tuberculosis infection; society is suggested to implement a healthy lifestyle, maintain home sanitation, and environment. Keywords: Factor Related; Pulmonary; Tuberculosis; Primary Health Care; Denpasar City]]>
<![CDATA[THE EFFECT OF LAVENDER AROMATHERAPY ON DYSMENORRHOEA STUDENTS IN INSTITUTE OF HEALTH SCIENCE MEDICA PERSADA BALI ]]>
<![CDATA[AA Sg Dewi Pradnya Pramita]]>;
<![CDATA[IA Manik Partha Sutema]]>;
<![CDATA[Dhiancinantyan Windydaca Brata Putri]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol. 2 No. 1 (2020): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Pharmacy Department, Math and Sciences Faculty, Udayana Univerity ]]>
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DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2020.v02.i01.p02
<![CDATA[Background: Menstrual pain (dysmenorrhoea) is a symptom characterized by discomfort in the abdomen during menstruation. Lavender aromatherapy is beginning to be sought as one of the non-pharmacological therapies because the use of NSAIDs is reported to cause many side effects. The main components of lavender, linalool (35%) and linalyl acetate (51%) are efficacious as analgesics and maximally absorbed through the skin. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of lavender aromatherapy on the menstrual pain of female college students at the Persada Medika Institute of Bali. Methods: Quasy experimental with one group pre-posttest design. The study was followed by 38 female students with moderate to severe pain using the random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using the non-parametric Wilcoxon test with p <0.05. Results: The results prior to lavender aromatherapy showed moderate pain at 73.7% and severe pain 26.3%. After lavender aromatherapy was administered, they showed moderate pain at 21% and mild pain at 79%. The Wilcoxon test indicated that the value of p = 0,000, where p <0.05. Conclusion: There is an effect of lavender aromatherapy to decrease menstrual pain (dysmenorrhoea) of female college students at the Persada Bali Institute of Health Sciences. Keywords: Aromatherapy Lavender; Dysmenorrhoea; Pain Scale; Linalool; Linalyl Acetate]]>
<![CDATA[EFFECTIVENESS OF BRONCHODILATOR AND CORTICOSTEROID TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) ]]>
<![CDATA[Putu Rika Veryanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Ainun Wulandari]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol. 2 No. 1 (2020): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Pharmacy Department, Math and Sciences Faculty, Udayana Univerity ]]>
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DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2020.v02.i01.p03
<![CDATA[Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a chronic airway disease which is characterized by progressive airway obstruction. Bronchodilators and corticosteroids are the first choices of therapy in COPD patients. The goal therapy of COPD patients is to prevent respiratory failure, which can impact on death. But nowadays, the mortality rate due to COPD continues to increase. WHO predicts mortality from COPD in the year 2030 will be ranked third in the world. This high mortality can be caused by the ineffectiveness of therapy given. Objective: The aim of this study is to find out the effectiveness of bronchodilator and corticosteroid treatments in COPD patients. Methods: An observational study conducted retrospectively in the 2018 period at Fatmawati Central General Hospital. The effectiveness of therapy was assessed from the patient's clinical condition, blood gas values (PaO2 & PaCO2) and the average length of stay (AvLOS). Results: COPD was mostly suffered by males (83,33%), and the highest age for COPD was in the range of 45 years and above (90%). Bronchodilator that commonly prescribed were albuterol (30.08%), ipratropium bromide (12.2%), fenoterol hydrobromide (10.57%), terbutaline sulfate (8.13%), theophylline (1.63%) and aminophylline (5.69%), while the corticosteroids were budesonide (17.07%), methylprednisolone (9.76%) and dexamethasone (4.88%). Bronchodilator and corticosteroid had improved patient's clinical condition (96.67% patients) and also improved PaO2 & PaCO2 values patients. There was a significant improvement in PaO2 and PaCO2 value in COPD patients (p <0.05). Conclusion: Bronchodilator and corticosteroid in COPD patients had improved patient's clinical condition and PaO2 & PaCO2 values, but the average length of stay exceeds the standard (6-9 days). Keywords: Bronchodilator; Corticosteroid; COPD; Blood Gas Analysis; Average Length of Stay]]>
<![CDATA[STABILITY COMPARISON OF TULASI (Ocimum tenuiflorum L.) LEAF GEL HAND SANITIZER USING 0.5% AND 1% CMC-Na ]]>
<![CDATA[Dewa Ayu Made Adnya Swari]]>;
<![CDATA[Ni Putu Udayana A]]>;
<![CDATA[Ni Made Dharma Shantini S]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol. 2 No. 1 (2020): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Pharmacy Department, Math and Sciences Faculty, Udayana Univerity ]]>
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DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2020.v02.i01.p04
<![CDATA[Background: Hand sanitizers contain 62% alcohol, softener and moisturizer. High alcohol content is able to irritate and make hands dry. A suitable moisturizer is needed for this preparation. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the physical quality of gel hand sanitizer formulation of Ocimum tenuiflorum with CMC-Na as a gelling agent at a concentration of 0.5% and 1% CMC-Na. Methods: Data were collected at week-0,1,2,3,4, and replication is performed three times at each concentration of each measurement. The test results of the spread and adhesion data analysis using SPSS with a 95% confidence level. Results: Dispersive power and adhesion showed no significant difference (p <0.05) at week 0 and week 4 means second-hand sanitizer gel formulation concentration is not stable. Gel hand sanitizer leaves of Tulasi (Ocimum tenuiflorum) at a concentration of 1% CMC-Na stable from week 0 to week 3, while the concentration of 0.5% CMC-Na change at week 2. Gel hand sanitizer leaves of Tulasi (Ocimum tenuiflorum) with a gelling agent CMC-Na should need to be titrated. Conclusion: Gel hand sanitizer leaves of Tulasi (Ocimum tenuiflorum) that use concentrations of 1% CMC-Na as a gelling agent have a physical quality that is more stable than the organoleptic test concentration of 0.5% CMC-Na. Keywords: Hand sanitizer; Ocimum tenuiflorum L.; CMC-Na; Physical quality evaluation]]>
