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Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA)
Published by Universitas Udayana
ISSN : 23017694     EISSN : 23017708     DOI : https://doi.org/10.24843/JPSA.2025.v01.i01
Core Subject : Health, Science, Education, Social, Engineering,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Social Sciences Other
Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA) publishes high-quality original research articles, review articles, and short communications that contribute substantially to the advancement of knowledge in the field of pharmaceutical sciences and their applications. The journal welcomes interdisciplinary work that integrates basic and applied research relevant to drug discovery, development, and clinical use. Areas of interest include, but are not limited to: Pharmaceutical Technology Pharmaceutics Novel Drug Delivery Systems Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Research Pharmacology and Toxicology Pharmaceutical Analysis Pharmacy Practice Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy Community Pharmacy Cell Biology and Molecular Pharmacology Genomics, Proteomics, and Pharmacogenomics Bioinformatics and Biotechnology The journal is committed to disseminating impactful findings that enhance pharmaceutical knowledge and promote the development of safe, effective, and accessible therapies.
Arjuna Subject : Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics - Ilmu Farmasi
Articles 82 Documents
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ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF ROSEMARY LEAF (Rosemarinus officinalis L.) AGAINST Candida albicans Dewa Ayu Made Adnya Swari; I Wayan Martadi Santika; I Gusti Made Aman
Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol. 2 No. 1 (2020): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA)
Publisher : Pharmacy Department, Math and Sciences Faculty, Udayana Univerity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2020.v02.i01.p05

Abstract

Background: This study was a preliminary study aimed to investigating the in vitro activity of rosmarinic acid contained on Rosemary leaves (Rosemarinus officinalis L.) on the Candida albicans. Rosmarinic acid can be an inhibitor of the RTPase enzyme in the fungus Candida albicans. Objective: This study is expected to provide information in the development of science about the antifungal activity of ethanol extract of Rosemary leave (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) againsts C.albicans. The recent research was an laboratory experimental. Experiments on an ethanol extract of Rosemary leaves (Rosemarinus officinalis L.) and posttest design of the control group. Methods: The extraction method used in this study was a multilevel extraction method. The antifungal activity testing method uses discs and MIC methods. Replication was done six times at two concentration namely, 80% (b/v) and 100% for each measurement. Results: The data analysis was carried out using SPSS with 95% of confidence level with the Kruskal Wallis analysis then completed with the Mann Whitney U test. The results of the MIC experiment showed all the various concentrations of ethanol extract performed Candida albicans growth on the surface of the media. Extract with 80% (b/v) concentration showed greater antifungal activity. Furthermore the MIC was shown by 80% (b/v) concentration of the ethanol extract of Rosemary leaves against Candida albicans. The test results of the antifungal activity of the Rosemary leaf ethanol extract showed the presence of inhibitory diameter in the ethanol extract of the Rosemary leaf concentration of 80% (b/v) with a mean ± SD of 10.6 ± 0.57735 and RSD of 5.774%. Conclusion: The ethanol extract of Rosemary leaves (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) has an inhibitory effect on the fungus Candida albicans at a concentration of 80% (b/v). Keywords: Antifungal activity; Candida albicans; Rosemary; RTPase; Ethanol extract
FORMULATION EFFERVESCENT TABLETS ETHANOL EXTRACT OF PAPAYA LEAVES (Carica papaya L.) AS TOPICAL ANTISEPTIC WITH CITRIC ACID-TARTARIC ACID VARIATIONS Gusti Ayu Nyoman Tri Isa PartamaGusti Ayu Nyoman Tri Isa Partama; Ni Kadek Ari Kristiani; Anak Agung Istri Manik Priastari; I Gusti Ngurah Jemmy Anton Prasetia
Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA)
Publisher : Pharmacy Department, Math and Sciences Faculty, Udayana Univerity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2022.v04.i01.p01

Abstract

Background: Antiseptic products that are widely found in the market contain chloroxylenol which can cause irritation and allergic reactions when used frequently. In addition, antiseptic products in liquid form are considered less practical and economical. The alternative used to overcome these problems is to utilize natural ingredients and are made in solid dosage forms in the form of effervescent tablets. One alternative plant that has the potential as an antiseptic is papaya leaves. Objective: To determine the effect of variations in citric acid and tartaric acid as a source of acid in the formulation of effervescent tablets and to find out what formula is the effervescent tablet of papaya leaf ethanol extract which has the best physical properties to meet the physical qualification requirements of the tablet. Methods: Extraction was carried out by the maceration method with 96% ethanol as solvent. The method used for the manufacture of effervescent tablets is wet granulation. Therefore, in this study, observations were made on the effect of variations in citric acid and tartaric acid (1:3; 1:1 and 3:1) on the physical quality and antibacterial activity of effervescent tablets. Result: The tablet formulations F1 with variation citric acid-tartaric acid (1:3) showed physical characteristics that met the tablet quality requirements. Based on the antibacterial activity test of Escherichia coli on effervescent tablets, papaya leaf ethanol extract (Carica papaya L.) for formulation I showed an inhibitory power of 7,5±1,29 mm. The inhibitory power is more effective than the positive control, namely antiseptic products on the market with an inhibition zone of 6,5 ± 0,05 mm. Conclusion: Based on the variation of citric acid and tartaric acid used, it did not affect the physical properties of effervescent tablets of papaya leaf ethanol extract (Carica papaya L.) including uniformity of weight, but influenced hardness, friability, and dissolving time of effervescent tablets of papaya leaf ethanol extract (Carica papaya L.). Keywords: Papaya leaf (Carica papaya L.); effervescent tablet; citric acid; tartaric acid; antiseptic
REVIEW OF SOME TRADITIONAL HERBALS INCLUDED IN USADA TENUNG TANYA LARA AS DIARRHEA THERAPY AGENTS I Kadek Suardiana; A.A Gede Rai Yadnya-Putra
Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA)
Publisher : Pharmacy Department, Math and Sciences Faculty, Udayana Univerity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2020.v02.i02.p01

Abstract

Background: Diarrhea is one of the most extraordinary diseases in the world, with a number of 2.195 children die every day, and 801.000 children die from diarrhea every year. Diarrhea therapy has actually been conducted by society, but the use of synthetic drugs is limited for diarrhea cases since it will trigger undesirable effects, such as abdominal pain and resistance to pathogenic bacteria. Bali, with its unique culture, has Usada Tenung Tanya Lara, which contains procedures for treating diarrhea using plants. Objective: This work aimed to review traditional medicine, which is written in Usada Tenung Tanya Lara, that has been intensified nowadays and can be an alternative in the treatment of diarrhea. Methods: This article review using a primary data source and secondary data sources. Results: Some of the plants that have been collected have anti-diarrheal activity in the usada Tenung Tanya Lara are turmeric (Curcuma longa), banana (Musa paradisiaca) and ancak (Ficus religiosa). These three plants mostly have anti-diarrheal activity by inhibiting and killing pathogenic bacteria that cause diarrhea, such as Shigella dysenteriae, Escherichia coli, and Vibrio cholerae. Aside from being antibacterial, all three plants also have several mechanisms to cure diarrhea. Conclusion: It was revealed that turmeric, banana, and ancak leaf could act as agents of diarrhea therapy with their respective mechanisms of actions. Keywords: Diarrhea; Usada Tenung Tanya Lara; Curcuma longa; Musa paradisiaca; Ficus religiosa
SIDE EFFECTS PROFILE OF ANTIPLATELET MEDICATION IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE AT BHAYANGKARA HOSPITAL BALI-INDONESIA Anak Agung Indah Astrijayanti; Ida Ayu Manik Partha Sutema; Ni Putu Wulanda Evayanti; Ni Ketut Tria Purnamisari; Made Krisna Adi Jaya
Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA)
Publisher : Pharmacy Department, Math and Sciences Faculty, Udayana Univerity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2020.v02.i02.p02

Abstract

Introduction: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a disorder of heart function due to a lack of blood in the heart muscle due to narrowing of the coronary arteries. Antiplatelet in patients with CHD is a therapy that must be obtained by patients throughout their lives to prevent recurrent attacks and deaths from CHD. In the Province of Bali, especially in Denpasar, there is a lack of information about the type of side effects that occur on antiplatelet medication, so it is necessary to do a related study. Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the type of side effects that occur on antiplatelet medication in patients with CHD. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 97 patients was done by observed the CHD patients treated with antiplatelet medication. Side effects were evaluate using Naranjo Algorithm. Patients were divided into three groups, including a low dose aspirin user group, clopidogrel user group, and aspirinclopidogrel combination user group. Results: Antiplatelet side effects that occur in patients include headache (2.06%), diarrhea (1.03%), cyanosis (1.03%), gastrointestinal bleeding (8.25%), heartburn (11.34%), and nausea (6.19%). These side effects only occurred in 31.96% of the total subjects. The incidence of aspirin side effects was significantly greater than clopidogrel as well as aspirin-clopidogrel in combination (p <0.05). Conclusion: Patients with CHD who use antiplatelet agents in the long term to be more aware of the potential side effects that will occur, especially heartburn in chronic low-dose aspirin users. Keywords: Coronary Heart Disease; Side Effects; Antiplatelet; Aspirin; Clopidogrel
A NARRATIVE REVIEW OF APIACEAE FAMILY PLANTS IN USADA NETRA FOR EYE DISEASE TREATMENT Luh Pande Putu Tirta; A.A Gede Rai Yadnya Putra
Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA)
Publisher : Pharmacy Department, Math and Sciences Faculty, Udayana Univerity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2020.v02.i02.p03

Abstract

Background: Eye health really needs to be maintained so as to avoid diseases such as red-eye (conjunctivitis) and stye (hordeolum). Conjunctivitis and hordeolum are caused by bacteria, and their treatment is generally using antibiotics. However, if antibiotics are used irrationally it can be dangerous to health, therefore at this time, people are more interested in traditional medicine. One of them is Balinese traditional medicine, Usada Netra. Usada Netra is a science that deals with the prevention, treatment and recovery of eye diseases. Objective: This review discusses conjunctivitis, hordeolum and its treatment, processing of herbs for eye diseases in Usada Netra, botanical aspects, phytochemical and pharmacological effects of three plant Apiaceae family based on the results of scientific research as well as the correlation with eye treatment in pharmaceutical sciences. Methods: Search data in this article review with the help of search engines namely Google Scholar, and online journal provider sites, including PubMed, Biomed, NCBI, and primary data obtained from international journals, national journals and usada Bali books that have been published. Results: Based on the pharmacological effects produced by the Apiaceae family plant can inhibit the growth of bacteria that cause conjunctivitis and hordeolum. Conclusion: The use of plant Apiaceae family can be recommended for treatment of the eye such as conjunctivitis and hordeolum, with due regard to the safety requirements for eye treatment preparations. Keywords: Antibacterial; Apiaceae Family; Conjunctivitis; Hordeolum
A NARRATIVE REVIEW OF ZINGIBERACEAE FAMILY AS ANTIBACTERIAL AGENT FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICATION BASED ON BALINESE LOCAL WISDOM Ni Made Ayu Irayanti; A.A Gede Rai Yadnya Putra
Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA)
Publisher : Pharmacy Department, Math and Sciences Faculty, Udayana Univerity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2020.v02.i02.p04

Abstract

Background: One of the native plants from Indonesia that have been widely used for traditional medication as an antibacterial comes from the Zingiberaceae family. Based on Usada Bali, the Zingiberaceae family used to treat digestive, respiratory, and skin diseases. Objective: This literature review aimed to discuss antibacterial activity from the Zingiberaceae family and see its validity as a traditional use as antibacterial based on Balinese local wisdom medication method (Usada) with its scientific evidence. Methods: The method of this literature review is the study of literature from several scientific publications in national and international journals about the antibacterial activity of the Zingiberaceae family. Results: Several studies showed that the Zingiberaceae family has an antibacterial activity with various inhibitions depended on the type of bacteria. Conclusion: The Zingiberaceae family mentioned in Usada Bali has been scientifically proved to have antibacterial activity, so it shows the validity as a traditional use as antibacterial based on Usada with its scientific evidence. Keywords: Zingiberaceae; antibacterial; usada.
EFFECT OF METHANOL CONCENTRATION AS A SOLVENT ON TOTAL PHENOLIC AND FLAVONOID CONTENT OF BELUNTAS LEAF EXTRACT (Pulchea indica L.) N. P. Sinta Mahasuari; N. L. P. Vidya Paramita; A.A Gede Rai Yadnya Putra
Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA)
Publisher : Pharmacy Department, Math and Sciences Faculty, Udayana Univerity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2020.v02.i02.p05

Abstract

Background: Beluntas (Pluchea indica L.) is an Indonesian plant that grows wild and is used as traditional medicine. Beluntas leaves are reported to contain phenolic, and flavonoid is a part of phenolic compounds. Phenolic compounds other than flavonoids include 1,3,4,5-tetra-Ocaffeoylquinic acid, 3,4,5-tri-O-caffeoylquinic acid, chlorogenic acid, and ferulic acid. Flavonoid compounds in beluntas leaves are quercetin, apigenin, luteolin and chrysoeriol. Methanol solvents are reported to be able to extract higher polyphenol and flavonoid contents than other solvents. Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of 20%, 50% and 75% solvent concentration of methanol on total phenol and total flavonoid levels of beluntas leaf extract. Methods: In this study, the extraction process was carried out by maceration, the determination of total phenol content was carried out by the Follin-Ciocalteu method. Determination of total flavonoid levels was carried out by the Colorimetric method. Data on phenol and flavonoid levels were analyzed statistically. Results: The yield of beluntas leaf extract in this study was respectively from the lowest methanol concentration of 24.094% w/w, 31.126% w/w, 24.838% w/w. The value of total phenol levels increased with increasing methanol concentration, namely 124.84 mg GAE/g, 138.3 mg GAE/g, and 147.91 mg GAE/g. The highest total flavonoid value in 75% methanol extract is 69.72 mg QE/g, followed by 20% methanol extract at 46.29 mg QE/g and the lowest is found in 50% methanol extract at 32.80 mg QE/g. The results of statistical analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis test showed that there were significant differences (p<0.05) in the value of total phenol levels and total flavonoids of the three extracts. Conclusion: The difference in the concentration of methanol solvents affects the value of total phenol levels and total flavonoids with the highest value produced by a 75% methanol solvent. Keywords: Beluntas Leaves (Pluchea indica L.), Total Phenol Content, Total Flavonoid Content, Gallic Acid, Quercetin.
PHARMACIST PROFESSION STUDENT PERCEPTION ABOUT PHARMACIST ROLE IN PHARMACY, COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER AND HOSPITAL Kadek Nadia Martha Dewi; Made Ary Sarasmita; Luh Putu Febryana Larasanty
Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA)
Publisher : Pharmacy Department, Math and Sciences Faculty, Udayana Univerity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2020.v02.i02.p06

Abstract

Background: Pharmacists play a role as a part of health services both at pharmacies, hospitals and community health centers. Pharmaceutical care was regulated in the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. In the internship, students of the Pharmacists program Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University can see clearly how the implementation of the role of Pharmacists in the Pharmacy, Hospital and Community Health Center. Objective: This study aims to assess the perceptions (responses) of Pharmacist students on the role of Pharmacists in various pharmacy services. Methods: This study used a one-group posttest only design methods. The population of the study used all of the Pharmacist students who were internship at the Pharmacy, Community Health Center and Hospital. The research instrument used a closed-ended questionnaire about the perceptions of Pharmacist students on the role of Pharmacists in internship locations. Results: The results showed that the role of pharmacists in pharmacies and community health centers was greater in the field of clinical pharmacy services. While in hospitals, pharmacists have a greater role in the field of drug management. Conclusion: Students have a positive perception of the role of pharmacists. There were no significant differences in perceptions of Pharmacist students on the role of Pharmacists in the field of drug management and clinical pharmacy services (p> 0.05). Keywords: pharmacist; pharmaceutical care; perception; role; students
REVIEW OF SOME EUPHORBIACEAE PLANTS IN USADA TARU PRAMANA AND ITS PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES I Gede Bangkit Adi Sentosa; I Kadek Suardiana; A.A Gede Rai Yadnya Putra
Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA)
Publisher : Pharmacy Department, Math and Sciences Faculty, Udayana Univerity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2021.v03.i01.p01

Abstract

Background: World Health Organization (WHO) states that up to 65% of the world's population uses traditional medicines. Indonesia is one of the countries where most people still use traditional medicine, especially in Bali. The traditional Balinese plant-based medical system that has existed for a long time and is still inherited today is Usada Taru Pramana. One of the many plants found in Usada Taru Pramana is the Euphorbiaceae. Objective: This work aims to review some of the Euphorbiaceae plants written in Usada Taru Pramana, which have a variety of potential pharmacological activities. Method: This article review using a primary and secondary data sources. Results: Some parts of the Euphorbiaceae plants in Usada Taru Pramana contain important phytochemical constituents such as phenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and essential oils. Some of the potential pharmacological activities that have been tested are anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antibacterial. Conclusion: The Euphorbiaceae plants in Usada Taru Pramana have a variety of phytochemical constituents and correlates with its pharmacological activities. Further research needs to be conducted to explore other Euphorbiaceae plants species in Usada Taru Pramana to find compounds and other pharmacological activities to deal with various diseases in the community. Keywords: Usada Taru Pramana, Euphorbiaceae, Phytochemical Constituents, Pharmacological Activities.
THE IMPLEMENTATION STUDY OF STORING AND REPORTING OF NARCOTICS AND PSYCHOTROPICS AT PHARMACIES IN DENPASAR CITY, BALI PROVINCE I Made Arie Dharma Putra Nugraha; Kadek Hendra D; I Made Agus Gelgel Wirasuta
Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): Journal Pharmaceutical Science and Application (JPSA)
Publisher : Pharmacy Department, Math and Sciences Faculty, Udayana Univerity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/JPSA.2021.v03.i01.p02

Abstract

Introduction: Storage and reports of narcotics and psychotropic in pharmacy must be carried out according to standard operating procedures which are based on legislation on maintaining safety, efficacy, and quality of the drugs. Objective: This study aimed to observe the implementation process of narcotics and psychotropic storing and reporting in accordance to the law in force in several pharmacies in Denpasar City. Methods: Five biggest pharmacies located in Denpasar City were picked by purposive sampling method. This study used a descriptive observational method to provide a brief overview of the term and condition of narcotics and psychotropic storing and reporting that implemented in real-time in the pharmacies. Results: Overall, the study revealed that the majority of pharmacies were successfully in term of fulfilling the various aspects of narcotics and psychotropic storing and reporting, including the storage of drugs at the special cabinets, in special the implementation process of narcotics and psychotropic that cited in the Regulation of The Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 73 of conditions according to safety and stability, FEFO and FIFO systems, manual and electronic stock cards system, separation of damaged and/or expired drug, inventory stock, and compliance and completeness of reporting using SIPNAP. Conclusion: Responsible pharmacist must always evaluate the storage and reporting of narcotics and psychotropic in the pharmacy to guarantee quality and maintain suitability of the pharmaceutical services process according to established standards. Keywords: forensic pharmacy; storing and reporting; narcotics and psychotropic; legislation

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