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Lotion Quality in Terms of Physical and Chemical Properties at Different ConcentrationsButterfly Pea Flower Extract Ayu Putri MS; Diana Nurul Homaida; Dina Trianggaluh Fauziah; Neny Poerwahyuningrum
Indonesian Pharmacopeia Journal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Volume 2 Nomor 2, 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/ipj.v2i2.86

ABSTRACT Butterfly pea flowers were chosen because they contain active substances such as flavonoids and anthocyanins, which are known to have strong antioxidant properties and are suitable for use in topical products such as lotions. This study aimed to develop and assess the physical and chemical quality testing of lotion formulations derived from ethanol extract of butterfly pea flowers (Clitoria ternatea L.). Extraction was carried out using a maceration technique with 96% ethanol. Three different lotion formulations were made with various concentrations of butterfly pea flower extract: 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%. Formulation assessment was carried out through physical and chemical quality examinations, which included organoleptic evaluation, homogeneity test, pH measurement, viscosity analysis, adhesion test, and spreadability assessment. The test results showed that each formulation met the physical and chemical quality standards required for topical products. The formulation containing 1.5% extract showed the greatest viscosity and adhesion, but had the lowest spreadability. Conversely, the formula with 0.5% extract showed the best spreadability despite having a lower viscosity. pH assessment confirmed that all formulations were within the skin-safe range (4.5–8). Changes in the concentration of ethanol extract from butterfly pea flowers affected the physical attributes of the lotion formulations, such as viscosity, spreadability, adhesion, and acidity. However, the acidity of the lotion formulations was still below the skin's acidity standards. Key words: Clitoria ternatea L., Lotion, Physical quality test, Chemical Quality test

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MEDICATION COMPLIANCE AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF DYSLIPIDEMIA PATIENTS AT THE ARJASA COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER Ayu Putri MS; Eri Suyoko
Indonesian Pharmacopeia Journal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Volume 2 Nomor 2, 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/ipj.v2i2.88

Dyslipidemia is a lipid metabolism disorder characterized by elevated total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, and/or decreased HDL cholesterol. In Indonesia, the prevalence of dyslipidemia among middle-aged adults (40–60 years) reaches 50.3% (Permatasari & Syauqy, 2022). Patient adherence to lipid-lowering medication plays a key role in controlling blood lipid profiles and preventing cardiovascular complications. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between adherence to antidyslipidemic medication and clinical outcomes among outpatient dyslipidemia patients at Arjasa Community Health Center. This study used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional observational design. The study was conducted in June 2026 at Arjasa Community Health Center, Jember Regency, using a total sampling technique involving 41 dyslipidemia patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Adherence was assessed using the MMAS-8 questionnaire, while clinical outcomes were evaluated based on total cholesterol levels obtained from medical records. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test.The majority of respondents (61.0%) were categorized as adherent, and 58.5% had normal total cholesterol levels (<200 mg/dL). The Chi-Square test showed a Pearson Chi-Square value of 22.913 with a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05), indicating a significant relationship between medication adherence and clinical outcomes. The contingency coefficient (C) of 0.599 indicated a moderately strong association. There is a significant relationship between adherence to antidyslipidemic medication and clinical outcomes among dyslipidemia patients at Arjasa Community Health Center. Higher levels of medication adherence are associated with a greater likelihood of achieving normal total cholesterol levels. Key words: Dyslipidemia, medication adherence, clinical outcomes, total cholesterol, Arjasa Community Health Center.

Evaluation Of Bronchodilator Use In Copd Patients Using The Atc/Ddd And Du90% Methods At Jember Paru Hospital Ayu Putri MS; Adinda Safira
Indonesian Pharmacopeia Journal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Volume 2 Nomor 2, 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/ipj.v2i2.89

Bronchodilators are the primary therapy in the management of COPD; therefore, evaluating their use is crucial to ensure the rationality, safety, and effectiveness of treatment. This study aimed to evaluate bronchodilator use among hospitalized COPD patients at Jember Lung Hospital using the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical/Defined Daily Dose (ATC/DDD) and Drug Utilization 90% (DU90%) methods. The study employed a non-experimental, quantitative observational design with a retrospective approach. Data were obtained from the medical records of hospitalized COPD patients at Jember Lung Hospital for the period of January–December 2025. The study population consisted of 170 patients, with a sample of 120 patients selected via purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis. The results showed that the patient population was predominantly male (65%) and in the >66 age group (46.67%). Bronchodilators were most frequently administered via the inhalation route (56.84%), with Meprovent being the most commonly prescribed drug (47.54%), followed by Theobron (20.21%) and aminophylline (15.30%). Evaluation using the ATC/DDD method revealed that the Meprovent inhaler had the highest utilization rate, at 59.21 DDD/100 patient-days. Based on the DU90% analysis, the bronchodilators included in the DU90% segment were Meprovent inhaler, oral Theobron, and Farbivent inhaler, whereas intravenous aminophylline, oral Teosal, Spiriva inhaler, Combivent inhaler, and Spiolto inhaler fell into the DU10% segment. The study concludes that the Meprovent inhaler had the highest utilization rate; Meprovent inhaler, oral Theobron, and Farbivent inhaler showed high usage intensity among hospitalized COPD patients. Keywords: COPD, bronchodilator, ATC/DDD, DU90%, drug utilization evaluation.

Identification of Antibiotic Dose Appropriateness in Patients with Non-Pneumonia Acute Respiratory Tract Infection at Community Health Center X Ayu Putri MS; Handa Riyatul Masruroh; Shinta Mayasari; Wima Anggitasari
Indonesian Pharmacopeia Journal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Volume 2 Nomor 2, 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/ipj.v2i2.90

An Non-pneumonia acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) is one of the most common diseases in the community and a frequent cause of patient visits to healthcare facilities. Based on a preliminary study, non-pneumonia ARTI was among the ten most prevalent diseases at Community Health Center X, with 266 reported cases during the period of January–December 2025. The high incidence of non-pneumonia ARTI has led to increased antibiotic use. Therefore, antibiotics should be used rationally, including through appropriate dosing. Inappropriate antibiotic dosing may reduce therapeutic effectiveness and increase the risk of bacterial resistance. This study aimed to identify the appropriateness of antibiotic dosing in patients with non-pneumonia ARTI at Community Health Center X. This study employed a descriptive observational design with a retrospective approach. A total of 160 patients were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected from the medical records of patients with non-pneumonia ARTI, and the appropriateness of antibiotic dosing was evaluated based on the Community Health Center X Formulary. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis. The results showed that, among the 160 patients with non-pneumonia ARTI, the largest age group was children aged 0–5 years, accounting for 46 patients (28.8%). Amoxicillin was the most frequently prescribed antibiotic (77%), followed by ciprofloxacin (23%). The most commonly prescribed dosage strengths were amoxicillin 500 mg (48.1%), amoxicillin 125 mg (18.8%), and ciprofloxacin 500 mg (23.1%). The most common dosing frequency was three times daily (76.9%), followed by twice daily (23.1%). Evaluation of antibiotic dose appropriateness showed that all 160 patients (100%) received appropriate antibiotic doses. In conclusion, all patients with non-pneumonia ARTI at Community Health Center X received appropriate antibiotic doses.

Analysis of Direct Medical Costs for Inpatients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease at Jember Lung Hospital Ayu Putri MS; Devi Rahayu; Shinta Mayasari; Wima Anggitasari
Indonesian Pharmacopeia Journal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Volume 2 Nomor 2, 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/ipj.v2i2.91

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by progressive airflow limitation. The goals of COPD therapy are to reduce symptoms, decrease exacerbations, improve quality of life, and reduce mortality (Kristiningrum, 2019). Differences in patient characteristic and disease severity may affect therapeutic needs and the costs incurred by patients. Direct medical cost analysis is one of the components of the Cost Of Illness method used to determine the economic burden of a disease (Andayani, 2022). This study aimed to analyze the direct medical costs of hospitalized COPD patients at Jember Lung Hospital. This study was an observational descriptive study with a retrospective design using secondary data from medical records of COPD patients during the January-October 2025 period. The sampling technique used was total sampling with a total sample of 71 patients. Cost analysis was performed using the Cost Of Illness (COI) method. The results showed that COPD patients were predominantly male with 53 patients (74,65%), aged 60-69 years with 32 patients (45,07%), and had a length of stay of 4-6 days with 40 patients (56,33%). The average medication cost was IDR 986.697, treatment cost was IDR 1.394.451, and laboratory cost was IDR 137.242. The average direct medical cost was IDR 2.518.390, which was lower than the INA-CBG’s tariff of IDR 4.888.400. Treatment cost was the largest cost component contributing to the direct medical costs of hospitalized COPD patients. Key words: COPD; direct medical cost; Cost of Illness; pharmacoeconomics; COPD; hospitalization

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MEDICATION ADHERENCE IN THE USE OF ANTIHYPERTENSION DRUGS WITH BLOOD PRESSURE CONTROL Iski Weni Pebriarti; Azizatur Rahmah
Indonesian Pharmacopeia Journal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Volume 2 Nomor 2, 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/ipj.v2i2.93

Hypertension is known as a "silent killer" due to the absence of early symptoms; it is a global health issue because, without consistent and appropriate blood pressure management, the risk of various potentially fatal complications increases. Data from the Jember Regency Health Office indicate 771,242 cases of hypertension in the area in 2023. Long-term blood pressure control is key to successful hypertension therapy, and regular use of antihypertensive medication is a contributing factor to such control. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between antihypertensive medication adherence and blood pressure control among hypertensive patients at the Sukowono Community Health Center (Puskesmas). An observational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach was employed; medication adherence was assessed using the MMAS-8 questionnaire, while blood pressure data were obtained from patient medical records. Bivariate analysis was conducted using the Spearman Rank correlation test. The results showed that the majority of respondents exhibited low adherence to antihypertensive medication (91.67%) and had uncontrolled blood pressure (90%). The Spearman correlation test revealed no significant relationship between antihypertensive medication adherence and blood pressure control among hypertensive patients at the Sukowono Community Health Center (p-value = 0.445 > 0.05). Thus, the study concludes that there is no significant relationship between antihypertensive medication adherence and blood pressure control in this patient population. Although rational medication use is a factor in successful blood pressure control, non-pharmacological approaches also represent important options in hypertension management. Blood pressure levels that fail to meet control targets must be addressed promptly to prevent disease progression and the occurrence of complications. Key words: antihypertensive medication, blood pressure, correlation analysis, medication adherence

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF Jasminum sambac Ait. EXTRACT DEODORANT SPRAY PREPARATION WITH A VARIETY OF ALUM Sholihatil Hidayati; Rikzatus Zahroh; Mohammad Rofiq Usman; Dhina Ayu Susanthi; Diah Yuli Pangesti
Indonesian Pharmacopeia Journal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Volume 2 Nomor 2, 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/ipj.v2i2.94

Heavy daily activities often trigger body odor problems, especially in the underarm area, which can reduce comfort and confidence. Body odor arises when Staphylococcus epidermidis breaks down sweat into volatile fatty acid compounds, such as isovaleric acid, which causes an unpleasant odor. This study aims to formulate and evaluate natural deodorant spray preparations containing jasmine flower extract with variations in alum concentration, as well as test the effect of alum variations on the physical quality of preparations. Jasmine flower extract is obtained by maceration method with 70% ethanol for 5 days. Four deodorant spray formulas were prepared with variations in alum concentration (0% as control, 5%, 15%, and 20%). Evaluation of the physical quality of the preparation, including pH, homogeneity, organoleptic, spray pattern, drying time, and effect on fabric, was carried out on days 0, 7, and 14. pH data, spray pattern and dry time were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA and LSD. All formulas show good physical quality, the pH of the preparation meets the pH standard of a good deodorant (3.00-7.5), homogeneous, has a suitable spray pattern (diameter 5-7 cm), a quick drying time (<5 minutes), and does not damage the fabric. Organoleptically speaking, all formulas are liquid in texture and scented with menthol. However, there is a color difference as the concentration of alum increases, the controls are yellowish-orange, F1 is clear yellow, F2 and F3 are solid yellow. Statistical analysis showed that variations in alum concentration had a significant influence on the results of spray patterns (p< 0.05) and drying time (p< 0.05). The physical quality of the deodorant spray, which was tested including pH, homogeneity, organoleptic, spray pattern, drying time and effect on the fabric met the quality standards. However, differences in alum concentrations affect their spray patterns, drying time, and organoleptic, where the concentration of 5% is clear yellow, while 15 and 20% are deep yellow.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POTENTIAL ANTIDIABETIC DRUG INTERACTIONS AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS Iski Weni Pebriarti; Ikhlashul Badriyah
Indonesian Pharmacopeia Journal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Volume 2 Nomor 2, 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/ipj.v2i2.95

ABSTRACT Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that requires long-term care with an increasing mortality rate. In type 2 DM patients, the potential for drug interactions is quite high. Previous research showed that 81% of type 2 DM patients are at risk of experiencing drug interactions. Several studies in hospitals show that some patients still do not achieve optimal clinical outcomes. This study aims to analyze the relationship between potential interactions of antidiabetic drugs and clinical outcomes of type 2 DM patients undergoing antidiabetic therapy. The method used was cross-sectional with retrospective data collection from medical records. Relationship analysis was conducted using the Chi-Square test. The research population consisted of all medical records of patients diagnosed with type 2 DM, and the sample included 118 medical records that met the inclusion criteria. The research results showed that the most commonly used diabetes combination therapy was found in 60 patients (50.85%). The most commonly used single antidiabetic drug was glimepiride, with 35 patients (29.66%). The most frequent combination of antidiabetic drugs was pioglitazone with glimepiride, with 21 patients (17.78%). Potential drug interactions occurred in 55.93% of patients, with the majority being of moderate severity at 95.69%. The most common interaction was between gliclazide and metformin at 10.34%. A total of 98 patients (83.1%) had controlled clinical outcomes. The Chi-Square test resulted in a p-value of 0.025 (<0.05), indicating a significant relationship between potential drug interactions and clinical outcomes of type 2 DM patients. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between potential antidiabetic drug interactions and clinical outcomes of type 2 DM patients at Hospital "X". This study only identified the potential for interactions without directly evaluating patient complaints or clinical impacts. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Drug Interaction, Clinical Outcomes, Potential Drug Interactions

MOLECULAR DOCKING ANALYSIS OF ACTIVE COMPOUNDS OF STAR FRUIT PLANTS WULUH (Averrhoa bilimbi. L) AGAINST NEPRILYSIN RECEPTORS AS ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUG CANDIDATES Lindawati Setyaningrum; Mohamad Rofiq Usman; Asa Falahi; Anies Rohman Dwijayanti; Neny Poerwahyuningrum; Alwiya Kinanti
Indonesian Pharmacopeia Journal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Volume 2 Nomor 2, 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/ipj.v2i2.96

Hypertension is a major global health problem that significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Neprilysin plays an essential role in blood pressure regulation and has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for antihypertensive drug development. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of active compounds from Averrhoa bilimbi L. as neprilysin inhibitors using an in silico approach. Molecular docking was performed between selected phytochemical compounds (Isocytisoside, Hallacton B, Vitexin 4″-O-rhamnoside, Epiafzelechin 3-O-gallate, and 2,4,6-Triphenyl-1-hexene) and the neprilysin receptor (PDB ID: 5JMY) using AutoDockTools. Docking protocol validation was conducted by redocking the native ligand, with validity determined by an RMSD value ≤ 3 Å. The grid box was set at coordinates x = −20.579, y = 3.317, z = 37.541 with dimensions of 40 × 40 × 40. Physicochemical properties and ADMET profiles were predicted using the pkCSM online server. The docking validation yielded an RMSD value of 1.303 Å, confirming the reliability of the docking protocol. Among the tested compounds, Hallacton B exhibited the most favorable binding affinity among the test ligands, with a binding energy of −9.45 kcal/mol and an inhibition constant (Ki) of 117.49 µM, along with key amino acid interactions comparable to the reference drug sacubitril. ADMET analysis indicated that Hallacton B possesses a favorable safety profile, showing negative results for Ames toxicity and hepatotoxicity, no inhibition of CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 enzymes, and acceptable distribution characteristics, although its intestinal absorption was relatively low (16.71%). Hallacton B demonstrates promising potential as a natural neprilysin inhibitor and warrants further optimization and experimental validation through in vitro and in vivo studies.

Effectiveness of Homemade Herbal Powder in Reducing Blood Glucose Levels in Diabetes Mellitus Mice Shinta Mayasari; Laila Camelia; Hartalina Mufidah; Alwiya Kinanti; Neny Poerwahyuningrum
Indonesian Pharmacopeia Journal Vol. 2 No. 2 (2026): Volume 2 Nomor 2, 2026
Publisher : LPPM Universitas dr. Soebandi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36858/ipj.v2i2.97

ABSTRACT Diabetes Mellitus is a disease characterized by the inability of the pancreas gland to produce insulin, which can cause an increase in glucose levels in the blood. Treatment for this disease can be said to be quite expensive and requires long treatment. Noni, red ginger, black cumin, Chinese petai seeds and cardamom contain antioxidant compounds that can reduce blood glucose levels. These natural ingredients can be made into a drink in the form of homemade herbal powder can reduce glucose levels in the blood. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of homemade herbal powder on blood glucose levels. The method used in this research is an experimental method with a pre-post design. This study was divided into 5 treatment groups, namely negative control group, positive control, treatment group 1 with a dose of 400 mg/kg BB, treatment group 2 with a dose of 600 mg/kg BB and treatment group 3 with a dose of 800 mg/kg BB. The sample size was determined using the Federer formula, amounting to 5 individuals in each treatment. The results of analysis using Paired sample T-test showed a p-value of 0.000 or sig value <0.05, which means that homemade herbal powder at doses of 400, 600 and 800 mg/kg BW can reduce blood glucose levels. The compounds contained in herbal plants that function as antioxidants can help absorb glucose and help pancreatic beta cells produce insulin. Homemade herbal powder can reduce blood glucose levels and the highest average reduction was found at a dose of 800 mg/kg BB. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Blood Glucose; Herbal Powder

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Shinta Mayasari

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shintamayasari@uds.ac.id

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+6282244338126

Journal Mail Official
ipj@uds.ac.id

Editorial Address
Jl dr Soebandi No 99, Cangkring, Patrang-Jember

Location
Kab. jember,

Jawa timur

INDONESIA

Abstract

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Shinta Mayasari

Contact Email shintamayasari@uds.ac.id

Phone +6282244338126

Journal Mail Official ipj@uds.ac.id

Editorial Address Jl dr Soebandi No 99, Cangkring, Patrang-Jember

Location Kab. jember, Jawa timur INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Shinta Mayasari

Contact Email
shintamayasari@uds.ac.id

Phone
+6282244338126

Journal Mail Official
ipj@uds.ac.id

Editorial Address
Jl dr Soebandi No 99, Cangkring, Patrang-Jember

Location
Kab. jember,

Jawa timur

INDONESIA