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Articles 236 Documents

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PENGARUH TEMPERATUR PADA PROSES PENCAIRAN BATUBARA BANKO SELATAN DAN YALLOURN Yusnitati, Yusnitati; Hartiniati, Hartiniati
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 2 (2007)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

A coal liqueafaction test was carried out to investigate the reactivity of an Indonesian brown coal, called South Banko, and an Australian brown coal, called Yallourn. Liquefaction was conducted to ascertain the effect of reaction temperature on thereactivity of both brown coals and it represents on the oil, CLB, CO+CO2 and C1~C4 yields. The result shows that South Banko coal is more reactive than Yallourn coal. South Banko coal gives a higher oil yield than that of Yallourn. Oil derived from SouthBanko coal increases as reaction temperature rises. In contrast, oil derived from Yallourn decreased as reaction temperature increased. This result indicated that South Banko has more labile structure than that of Yallourn and it can easily breakdown the structure of South Banko coal. In term of hydrocarbon gas, Yallourn produces higher yield than that of South Banko. This suggests that Yallourn coal has alkyl groups in its structure. It was also found that CO+CO2 yields are similar to both brown coals. South Banko has less CLB yield than that of Yallourn but the CLB yield of South Banko coal is higher than that of Yallourn while temperature is increased to 470oC. In short, the study shows that South Banko coal is more reactive than that of Yallourn coal and it is very potential for the coal liquefaction feedstock.

EVALUASI KECERNAAN RUMPUT KUMPAI MINYAK (Hymenachne amplexicaulis) AMONIASI SECARA IN VITRO Akhadiarto, Sindu; fariani, a
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

The objective of this research was to study digestibility of kumpai minyak (Hymenachne amplexicaulis) amoniation by in vitro techniques. Materials used in this study were : kumpai oil grass; poultry manure; urea; cattle rumen fluid; Mc buffer solution Dougall; NaOH or H3PO4 and saturated HgCl2. This research was held in two stage, the first was amoniation of kumpai minyak and second was in vitro analysis, both experiment was held at laboratory of Nutrition and Feed Animal, Agriculture Faculty at Sriwijaya University. The research used completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replications which were: A0 (kumpai oil grass without urea), A1 (kumpai oil grass with urea 2%), A2 (kumpai oil grass with urea 4%) and A3 (kumpai oil grass with urea 6%). Parameters measuredwere dry matter digestibility, organic matter digestibility and gas production.. The result showed that the treatment were significantly difference (P<0.01) on organic matter digestibility, but non sinificantly differences (P>0.01) on dry matter digestibility and gas production.

ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN ENERGI LISTRIK GEDUNG LABORATORIUM BIOTEKNOLOGI SERPONG palaloi, sudirman
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 3 (2008)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

This paper is reporting an analysis energy use on Biotechnology Laboratory in Puspiptek Area. Analysis of electrical energy use concern power demand and power factor improvement. Power demand improvement can be done by reducing power purchase close to maximum power that might be happened. It is verybeneficial for reducing fix load cost. Power factor improvement as part of energy saving can reduce losses at distribution line, motor, transformer, reduce installed capacity, and also avoid penalty factor. Optimization of transformer operation can also reduce core and copper winding losses. According to the analysis gave theresult of saving potential is Rp. 218,72 million/year.

KADAR AIRTANAH PEMICU LONGSOR DESA GIRIMEKAR KABUPATEN BANDUNG PROVINSI JAWA BARAT Tejakusuma, Iwan G.
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 15 No. 1 (2013)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Bencana longsor makin sering terjadi di Indonesia dan telah banyak menyebabkan korban jiwa, kehilangan harta benda dan kerugian ekonomi. Di Kampung Legokhayam, Desa Girimekar, Kabupaten Bandung, Jawa Barat longsor terjadi pada 21 Maret 2010 menghancurkan 9 rumah dan 9 rumah lainnya rusak. Longsor tersebut dikontrol oleh faktor geologi – litologi dan kemiringan lereng dan terjadi dipicu oleh curah hujan.Tipe longsor adalah translasional dan sebagian kecil rotasional. Kadar airtanah diteliti untuk mengetahui ambang batas untuk longsor. Sampel tanah undisturbed dari lokasi BH 01 dan BH 02 diambil dan dianalisa di laboratorium untuk parameter index properties dan engineering properties. Analisis kestabilan lereng juga dilakukan dan disimulasikan untuk mengetahui kadar airtanah kritis untuk longsor. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa faktor keamanan lereng di BH 01 adalah 0,832 dan di BH 02 adalah 0.962. Nilai kritis airtanah untuk longsor adalah 90% untuk lapisan atas dan 76% untuk lapisan bawah di BH 01 dan 82% untuk lapisan bawah di BH 02. Longsor akan terjadi bila kandungan airtanah melebihi nilai tersebut. Nilai tersebut dapat digunakan untuk sistem peringatan dini longsor.

PEMANFAATAN BERBAGAI JENIS PATI SEBAGAI SUMBER KARBON UNTUK PRODUKSI a-AMILASE EKSTRASELULER Bacillus sp SW2 Trismilah, Trismilah; Wahyuntari, Budiasih
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 11 No. 3 (2009)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Currently enzymes become a need of food and non-food industries. Alpha amylase (a-1,4 glucanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.1) is an enzyme that hydrolyses starch into oligosaccharides and dextrin. The enzyme has been commercially available which mostly produced by Bacillus spp. The bacterium used in thisexperiment was Bacillus sp SW2, which was isolated from Composting Unit at Bumi Serpong Damai, Tangerang. The aim of this experiment was to find the most appropriate starch as an carbon source for enzyme production. The starches observed were tapioca, potato, and cornstarch at concentration of5%. The fermentation was conducted in shaking incubator, in 125 ml Erlenmeyer at 60°C, various pHs, and agitations. The pHs observed were 6, 7.5, 8 and 9 while the rates of agitation applied were 150, 200, and 250 rpm. The results showed that the highest enzyme activity was 20.99 Unit/ml, whichwas reached after 42 hours of fermentation using cornstarch, pH 8 and 200 rpm agitation.

IDENTIFIKASI KARAKTERISTIK MEKANIS BANTALAN LUNCUR MOTOR STARTER DARI SERBUK TEMBAGA ALUMUNIUM rizal, syamsul; suhandi, amin
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 3 (2010)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

There are many attempts to support the development of industry in Indonesia, especially on automotive sector, one of them is by replacing import components with local component products. Bushing is one of imported component that widely used on automotive application including motor strater. Bushing usually made of copper alloy such as brass, bronz or babbit in a solid form by casting or extrusion process. In this research powder metal technology is used to process Cu-Al powder to become slide bearing of motor starter. It is expected that powder metal process not only increasing local content in automotive parts but also providing better quality by increasing life time of bushing compared to ordinary one. Cu-Al metal powder was compacted at various pressure, i.e: 250 MPa, 350 MPa and 450 MPa, and then all specimens were sintered at different temperatures : 4000C, 5000C dan 6000C for 1 hour. After sintering specimens were air cooled to room temperature. After physical and mechanical test it can be deduced that bushing made by powder metallurgy method could increase its mechanical properties and as aresult improve its life time operation.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK BIJI KLABET (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN UTERUS TIKUS PUTIH BETINA GALUR WISTAR PREPUBERTAL agustini, kurnia; Wiryowidagdo, Sumali; Kusmana, Dadang
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 1 (2007)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Phytoestrogen is the chemical compound contains in plant which has estrogenic like effect. Estrogen has important function on woman’s sexual organ, such as proliferation of uterine and vaginal cornification. Phytoestrogen are weak agonists for estrogen and illicit statistic significantly increases in uterine wet weight, at definite dose, in uterothrophic bioassay. Biji Klabet or Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) contains steroidal sapogenins such as diosgenin, tigogenin, gitogenin, yamogenin and trigoneoside, that suspected having an estrogen-likeeffect or as phytoestrogen. The aim of this research was to investigate the estrogenic effect of fenugreek’s ethanolic extract in immature rat models. These models represent the climacteric/menopause phase, where estrogen level is verylow because ovary produces no estrogen. The testing animals were divided into five groups, namely normal group, estradiol control group and three level doses of fenugreek extract (30mg/200gBW; 60mg/200gBW and 120mg/200gBW). Theresult indicated that on 120mg/200gBW, fenugreek extract significantly (=0.05) increasing wet weight uterine and proliferation of uterine, such as uterine thickness and uterine diameters. Fenugreek extract, start on 60mg/200gBW, also induces vaginal lubrication and estrus cycle.

SIFAT KIMIA TANAH DAN KESESUAIAN LAHAN PADA MASING-MASING TIPOLOGI LAHAN RAWA LEBAK UNTUK BUDIDAYA TANAMAN PADI, KASUS DI DESA TANJUNG ELAI, OGAN KOMERING ILIR Waluyo, Waluyo; Djamhari, Sudaryanto
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 13 No. 3 (2011)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Research conducted in the village of Tanjung Alai, District of Padang Sira Island Komering Ogan Ilir district of South Sumatra with an area of 100 ha. This study aims to determine the soil chemical properties and suitability of land in each valley swamp land typology. Result interpretation and field observation and analysis of soil samples, the soil in the study area can be categorized as follows: 1) Typic Haplosaprists; saprik, shallow, drainage is blocked, flat pH 4.6, covering 13.5 hectares or 13.5%. 2) Humic Endoaquent; texture of clay dust layer, bottom layer of clay, deep, drainage is blocked, flat, pH 4.6, an area of 11.5 ha or 11.5%. 3)Humic Endoaquent; texture of clay dust layer, bottom layer of clay to sandy clay, in, blocked drainage, flat, pH 4.4 to 4.6, an area of 45 ha or 45%. 4) Typic Dystrudepts; texture of clay dust layer, bottom layer of sandy clay, deep drainage was, flatly, pH 6.0, an area of 30 ha or 30%.Based on the parameters used in determining the suitability of land that is effective depth, soil fertility, soil acidity, drainage class, damage due to flooding and others, it can be divided into 3 units of land for land suitability for rice paddy fields as follows: 1), S2ra-1 (paddy rice).Enough suitable land for paddy rice crops, the rooting medium limiting factor (saprik peat maturity) and the retention of nutrients (acid soil pH), an 13.5 ha (13.5%) for rice fields. 2). S2ra-2 (paddy rice); Enough suitable land for paddy rice crops, the rooting medium limiting factor (dusty clay texture) and nutrient retention (acid soil pH), an area of 56.5 ha (56.5%) for rice paddies. 3) N2d (soy), S3r2 (paddy rice); Marginal land suitable for paddy rice crop, with the limiting factor rooting medium (somewhat hampered drainage).

PENGARUH FLUKTUASI DEBIT TERHADAP POLA FLUKTUASI KARBON DI SUNGAI SURABAYA prihartono, prihartono
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 2 (2008)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Fluctuation of carbon in rivers are considered to be reflection of their rivers discharge fluctuation. To monitor carbon concentration fluctuation in Surabaya river, several water samples were analyzed automatically in Automated Water Monitoring System MERMAID (Marine, Environmental Remote-Controlled Monitoring and Integrated Detection) for Total Inorganic Carbon (TIC) and Total Organic Carbon (TOC). An inverse relationship with discharge was found in this study, relatively high TIC and TOC observed at low discharge and low TIC and TOC in high discharge. It shows dilution process of carbon organic and inorganic during rainy seasons and accumulation process during dry seasons. Inorganic carbon (TIC) is the dominant form of carbon transport in Surabaya river. The high amount of inorganic suggesting basin-wide flushing with dominant allochthonous HCO3 - from carbonate rocks regions in Brantas basin.

MEKANISME PELEPASAN HORMON GONADOTROPIN (GtH-II) IKAN LELE (Clarias sp) SETELAH DI INDUKSI LASERPUNKTUR PADA TITIK REPRODUKSI P.S.W, kusuma; Marhendra, Agung P.W.; AulanniÃ¢â‚¬â„¢am, AulanniÃ¢â‚¬â„¢am
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 3 (2012)
Publisher : Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi

Induction laserpuncture effectively stimulates gonad maturation and spawning, but the associated gonadotropin releasing hormone (LH / GtH-II) mechanism is still unknown. So the purpose of this study demonstrate the mechanism of the release of GTH-II on catfish (Clarias sp.) after induction laserpuncture at the reproduction acupoint. The test fish consisted of 54 males and 54 females aged 8-9 months from the F1 hybrid Sangkuriang type female and Paiton type male parents. Ourstudy employed an experimental method with completely randomized design. The treatment comprised 6 levels with 9 repetitions. We were to observe gonadotropin hormone (GtH-II) concentrations pre-spawn, spawn, post-spawning in the laserpuncture exposed. As a comparison investigations were also conducted to untreated (control). Blood sampling performed at 6 h after induction laserpuncture. Hormone levels using the Elisa test kits Fish Luteinizing Hormone (LH) BIOTECH CO. CUSABIO., LTD. by Catalog No.. CSB-E15791Fh. The test results significant effect (P<0.05) increased levels of GtH-II profiles between laserpuncture inductionwith control, which profiles GTH-II levels pre-spawn conditions higher 2.2468, as well as the higher spawn condition 1,5409 in comparison with controls. However, the condition post-spawning in induction laserpuncture lower value 1.1131 compared with controls. This suggests that induction laserpuncture at the reproduction acupoint can stimulate of GABA release from GABAergic neurons pre-spawn and spawn condition. GABA stimulates the hypothalamus to release GnRH neurons. GnRH neurons stimulates the pituitary to GtH-II release. GtH-II will affect the acceleration of gonad maturation and spawning.

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